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Lecture 2 - Overview of Is

HTTTQL

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Thảo HPhươngg
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18 views32 pages

Lecture 2 - Overview of Is

HTTTQL

Uploaded by

Thảo HPhươngg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Logistics Management Information Systems

Lecture 2: Overview of IS

Hoàng Hữu Sơn – Bộ môn Tin học cơ sở


Khoa HTTT- KT
Table of content

1. Overview of an Organizational
Information System (IS)
1. Some models for performing “IS”
2. The classification of “IS”
3. The role of an information system
2. The Components of IS
1. Hardware – Software
2. Database
3. Computer and communications networks
4. People – The kernel of IS
11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S
1. The overview of IS

❖The definition of Information Systems


▪ IS are interrelated elements that collect,
process, store, and distribute data and
information.
❖The general model:

Input Processing Output

Feedback
11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S
1. The overview of IS

❖The operational mechanism


▪ Handmade:
▪ The automation on computer system
• Time savings
• High performance and reliability
• The automatic connectivity on computer system
▪ The components of IS based on a computer system
• Hardware-Software
• Database – communications and computer networks
• People – Procedure

11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S


The information processing model
1.2 Some models for performing IS

❖Let’s talk about the following topic:


▪ A system can be described from many
perspectives:
▪ For instance, the E-commere system
• The Client: as a website to order something
• The manager: as a store that sells products
• The programmers:The Client – server model
• Business Analyse (BA): the E-commere Problem
▪ It is the basis of analysis and design of
information systems.

11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S


1.2 Some models for performing IS

❖ The Logical Model


▪ Definition: the local model describes function,
mission of IS
▪ Answers the question: “What?” “What to do?”.
▪ For example, the logical model of E-commerce
❖ The External Physical Model
▪ Notices the visual aspect of the system
▪ Mainly shows input and output form, processing
time
▪ Answers the questions: who?, where?, when?

11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S


1.2 Some models for performing IS

❖The Internal physical model:


▪ Regarding the technical side of the system
▪ Answers the question: how to do it?
▪ For example, which device to use? How is the
storage capacity? Program structure,
programming language.

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1.2 Some models for performing IS

❖The relationship between the models

11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S


1.3 The classification of IS

❖1.3.1 Classified by scope of activity


IS

Internal
Inter-organizational
Information
information
Systems of the
systems
Organization

Support
data exchange
operational
system
activities

Support
management E-commerce
activities

social network

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1.3 The classification of IS

❖1.3.2 Classified by field

Information Systems
IS in operational
IS in management
activities

The The
The
Transaction Process Collaborative
processing control Support MIS DSS ESS
system system System in the
Organization
(TPS) (PCS)

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1.3 The classification of IS

❖1.3.3 classified by purpose and object

Information System
The
The The
The Expert Knowledge The
Strategic integrated
Management Professional
System information
Information information
System Information system
(ES) System System
(SIS) (IIS)
(KMS)

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1.4 The role of an Information System

❖Overview of the IS’s role


▪ Supports operational activities
▪ Supports management activities
▪ Supports creating competitive advantage
❖When applying IS:
▪ The value of business processes is increased.
• Reduce labor costs.
• Improving the process accuracy and performance.
• Creating cohesion of the modules in the
organization.

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The relationship between the Organization and IS

❖ An organization needs an information system support to maximize its


operations

❖ An information system will change the structure of the organization's culture

❖ Digital transformation
1.4 The role of an Information System

❖ An Information system for business activities


▪ Helps process the activities of the Organization and the business
▪ Allows the organization to deal with all the anticipated scenarios
❖ The influence of IT in managemental decision making. Managers
and decision making
• strategy and managemental control
• implementation and operational control
❖ Information systems in managemental decision making
▪ The Organizational environment
▪ The Organizational structure, specialization
▪ The Standard Operating Procedures – SOP
▪ Type and leadership style of the organization.
▪ Types of delegation, decision making, and business processes
1.4 The role of an Information System

❖The value of the product is increased significantly :


• The products are evaluated based on many factors
– An Information System improves the criteria of appearance, design,
customer service
– An Information System allows products to have special values.
❖A IS is an advantage in a competitive environment
• The quality of products, services
• The business’s relationship with suppliers, customers,
regulatory authorities
• In strategic and tactical decisions

11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S


1.4 The role of an Information System

❖ Diagram illustrating the business support management process of information systems


1.5 the economic problems when a business
applying an information system

❖ This is a difficult question for every business:


“Should a business invest in an information
system?”
❖ It is assessed according to the following
criterias
▪ Economic benefits of information systems
• Save labor cost
• Increase revenue
• Cost of risk: X
▪ Costs of an information system: fixed costs + variable
costs

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2. The Components of IS

2.1 The hardware equipment of HTTT


▪ Including devices for data collection,
information storage, processing,
communication, and information output.
▪ Collecting :
• POS: point of sale
• ATM: Auto teller machine
• OCR: Optical character recognition

11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S


2.1 The Components of IS

❖Types of computer systems


▪ PC (personal computer)

▪ Workstation

▪ mainframe

▪ super Computer

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2.2 Phầm mềm:

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2.3 Database management system

2.3.1 Some basic definitions:


▪ Entity: is a class which have the same type
objects that the manager wants to store
information inside
▪ Attribute: is the characteristics, function of the
entity
• Named attribute
• Identified attribute
• Described attribute
• Repeat attribute.

11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S


2.3.1 Some basic definitions:
❖ The data fields:

▪ collect information about an attribute of an entity

❖ Register:

▪ Is a collection of information about an entity object

❖ Database’s definition:

▪ Database: is one or more tables containing the


related data organized and stored on memory
devices, the database is managed by a specialized
software to provide an information at different levels
11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S
2.3.1 Some basic definitions:

❖ Example of a database used to manage students

11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S


2.3.1 Some basic definitions

❖The Sales database

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2.3.1 Some basic definitions

❖The Material Management

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2.3.1 Some basic definitions

❖A database management system:


▪ systematizes the programs that allow
database management
▪ ACCESS, MySQL, SQL server
▪ Oracle, DB2
▪ V.v…
❖Characteristic
▪ Safe, secure, available

11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S


2.3.2 Database Operations

❖Database Design
❖Enter, edit database
❖Database query
▪ SQL:structure query Language
▪ QBE: Query by example
❖Report
❖Business Intelligent => gives
knowledge

11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S


2.3.3 Database Development

❖The database development model


Requirements
analysis

Concept
level design

Logical
level
design

Physical
level
design

Implement

Maintain

11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S


2.4 Some Communication and computer network problems

❖ Telecommunications: are the electronic


transmission of information between physical
locations.
▪ Digital data dominates
▪ Are integrated in the information system
▪ Are a challenge for safety and security in the
information system
❖ The Components making up an information
system
❖ The communication method
▪ Single channel
▪ Multichannel
11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S
2.4 Some Communication and computer
network problems

❖The communication protocol


▪ The connection direction
▪ The non-connection
▪ The tunnel
❖Network model
▪ Client –server
▪ Peer to peer
❖Topo Network
❖The Types of telecommunications
networks
11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S
2.5 Humans in the information system

❖Including:
▪ The Users
▪ The Managers
▪ The Custommers
▪ ….Etc….

11/10/2013 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT - H.H.SON - E. I.S

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