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Math Leve
DIVISION
There are 12 tasbeeh.
These tasbeeh has to be distributed equally among 6 students.

We see that each student will get 2 tasbeeh.

We write it as, 12 .. 6 =
It is called a division fact.
.. is a sign of division.
We read 12 .. 6 = as 12 divided by 6 is equal to 2.
Similarly, 18 .. 6 = 3 is read as 18 divided by 6 is equal to 3.
Division using the Number Line
The division can be performed with the help of a number line.
For example,
Divide 15 by 3 using the number line. 15 .. 3.
By using number line we can divide 15 by following way.
Start from number 15. Start subtrac ng 3 from 15 un l we reach at 0.
Now, count the number of jumps from 15 ll 0.
It has 5 jumps so, 15 .. 3 =5.
5 4 3 2 1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

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Math Leve
Division as repeated subtrac on
Division is repeated subtrac on of the same number.

21 .. 3 = ? 16 .. 4 = ?
Let us subtract 3 repeatedly from 21. Let us subtract 4 repeatedly from 16.
2 1
- 3 one me 1 6
1 8 - 4 one me
- 3 two me
1 2
1 5
3 three me - 4 two me
-
1 2 8
- 3 four me - 4 three me
9
4
- 3 five me
- 4 four me
6
- 3 six me 0
3
- 3 seven me
0 We see that we can subtract 4

We see that we can subtract 3 repeatedly 4 mes from 16

repeatedly 7 mes from 21

Hence, 21 .. 3 = 7 Hence, 16 .. 4 = 4

Mental Maths
There are 32 pencils. These have to put equally in 8 boxes. How many pencils
will be put in each box?
.. =
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Math Leve
Solve the following sums.
1. 2.
1 8 2 7

- 6 - 9
1 2 1 8
- 6 - 9
6 9
- 6 - 9

0 0
.. = .. =

3. 3 5 4. 4 9
- 5 - 7
3 0 4 2
- 5 - 7
2 5 3 5
- 5 - 7
2 0 2 8
- 5 - 7
1 5 2 1
- 5 - 7
1 0 1 4
- 5 - 7
5 7
- 5 - 7
0 0
.. .. =

-
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Math Leve
Division with Remainder
Can you divide 20 apples equally among 6 peoples.

20 .. 6 = ? 1 x 6 = 6
2 x 6 = 12

3 x 6 = 18
3 x 6 = 18
0
18 + 2 = 2
4 x 6 = 24

20 .. 6 = 3 with remainder 2 20 is between

Total 18 apples will be distributed among 6 people. 18 and 24.

2 apples will be le over.

It can be wri en as:

As we know from mul plica on table

that 6 x 3 = 18, so first we write the quo ent. Quo ent
Secondly, we write the product. 3
Divisor 6 20 Dividend
Thirdly, we subtracts. - 18
We get 2 le over which is remainder. 2 Remainder

We can check our answer as given below.

Quo ent x Divisor + Remainder = Dividend
3 x 6 + 2 = 20

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Math Leve

Division with Remainder

Division is equal sharing or equal grouping of numbers.
The number to be divided is called the dividend.
The number which divides is called the divisor.
The result of dividing a number is called the quo ent.
If the number is not fully divided the remaining number is called the remainder.
For example:
Saad had 9 chocolates.
Quo ent
He distributed the chocolates amog his 2
4 friends equally. Divisor 4 9 Dividend
At the end, 1 chocolate is le with Saad. - 8
1 Remainder
The remaining 1 chocolate is called the remainder.

We write the answer as 2 r 1.

Checking Division
To check division accuracy, we mul ply the divisor and the quo ent. We add
the product with the remainder. If the answer is the dividend, then the division
is correct.

Divisor x Quo ent + Remainder = Dividend

Divide 50 by 8 and check the divison.

Quo ent
As we know, 6
Divisor x Quo ent + Remainder = Dividend Divisor 8 50 Dividend
8 x 6 + 2 = 50 - 48
2 Remainder
Hence, this division is correct.
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Math Leve

Find the quo ent and the remainder and check the answer.

(a) 4) 35 Quo ent =

(b) 3) 17 Quo ent =
- Remainder = - Remainder =

7) 64 Quo ent = 5) 49 Quo ent =

(c) (d)
- Remainder = - Remainder =

Check the following quo ents (Q) and remainder (R) are correct.
If correct, write yes, otherwise write the correct answer.

Solve Check Result

(a)
9) 56 Q=6 =(9 X 6) + 2
Yes
R=2 = 54 + 2 = 56

(b)
8) 73 Q=7
R=5

(c)
7) 28 Q=4
R=0
(d)
5) 42 Q=9
R=6
(e)
6) 35 Q=5
R=5

(f)
3) 19 Q=4
R=3

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Math Leve
Division of 2-digit numbers without regrouping
Divide 63 by 3.
Step 1:
Arrange the numbers for division as shown. 3) 63

Step 2:
Divide tens by 3.
2
Divide the tens (6 of 63) of dividend with divisor (3). 3) 6 3
As we know that 2 x 3 = 6. -6
0
Write 6 under 6 of 63 and 2 in the tens place of quo ent.
Now, subtract 6 from 6.

Step 3:
Bringing down 3 and divide it by 3. 21
We know that 3 x 1 = 3. 3) 6 3
Write 1 in the ones place of quo ent and 3 under 3 of -6
03
dividend. - 3
Subtract 3 from 3. 0
Thus, 63 / 3 = 21 and remainder is 0.
Example:
Divide 89 by 4:
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
2 2
4) 89 4) 8 9 4) 8 9
-8 -6
0 09
- 8
1

Thus, 89 .. 4 = 22 and remainder is 1.

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Math Leve
Solve the following.
1. 2. 3. 4.
7) 2 8 6) 5 5 4) 4 6 2) 1 8

Quo ent = Quo ent = Quo ent = Quo ent =

Remainder = Remainder = Remainder = Remainder =
5. 6. 7. 8.
8) 7 9 5) 3 2 3) 1 5 9) 6 5

Quo ent = Quo ent = Quo ent = Quo ent =

Remainder = Remainder = Remainder = Remainder =
Division of 3 digit numbers without regrouping
Divide 594 by 6.
Step 1
6) 5 9 4
Arrange the numbers as shown.
Step 2
Divide 5 hundreds by 6.
6) 5 9 4
Since 6 x 1 = 6. But 6 < 5, so we take 6 x 0 = 0. -0
Write 0 in the hundreds place of the quo ent and 0 below 5. 5
Subtract 0 from 5.
Step 3
9
Bringing down 9 and divide 59 by 6. 6) 5 9 4
6 x 9 = 54, so write 9 in the tens place of quo ents -0
59
and 54 below 59.
-54
Subtract 54 from 59. 5
We will get 5. 1
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Math Leve
Step 4 99
Bringing down 4 and divide 54 by 6. 6) 5 9 4
-0
6 X 9 = 54, so write 9 in the ones place of the quo ent 59
and 54 below 54. -54
54
Subtract 54 from 54, we get 0 remainder. 54
Thus, 594 6 = 99 and remainder is 0. 0
Find the quo ent and the remainder.
1. 2. 3. 4.

3) 4 8 9 9) 8 1 9 7) 5 6 7 2) 3 4 6

Quo ent = Quo ent = Quo ent = Quo ent =

Remainder = Remainder = Remainder = Remainder =
5. 6. 7. 8.

5) 6 3 8 8) 7 2 8 6) 4 3 4 4) 9 2 8

Quo ent = Quo ent = Quo ent = Quo ent =

Remainder = Remainder = Remainder = Remainder =
Solve the following divisions in your notebook and find the quo ent and the
remainder.
(i) 87 .. 4 (ii) 343 .. 5 (iii) 500 .. 6 (iv) 253 .. 7

(v) 927 .. 3 (vi) 480 .. 4 (vii) 651 .. 8 (viii) 100 .. 5

(ix) 181 .. 7 (x) 703 .. 6 (xi) 72 .. 2 (xii) 617 .. 9

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Math Leve

Find the product.

a. 8 x 9 = a. 6 x 10 =

a. 7 x 6 = a. 9 x 2 =

a. 6 x 3 = a. 8 x 4 =

a. 9 x 9 = a. 7 x 5 =

Find the product.

H T O H T O H T O
2 5 4 8 1 4
x 9 x 7 x 6

H T O H T O H T O
6 1 7 6 9 3
x 8 x 9 x 8

H T O H T O H T O
5 9 8 2 3 6
x 7 x 6 x 9

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Mul plica on of a 3-digit number by a 1-digit number (without regrouping)

Expanded Nota on Method:

Mul ply 132 by 3
132 = 1 hundred + 3 tens + 2 ones = 100 + 30 + 20
Thus, 132 x 3 = (100 + 30 + 2) x 3
= (100 x 3) + (30 x 3) + (2 x 3)
= 300 + 90 + 6
= 396

Column Method:
Mul ply 432 by 2

Step 1 Step 2
Write the numbers in column. Mul ply 2 ones by 2 and write product
which is 4, under ones column.
H T O H T O
4 3 2 4 3 2
x 2 x 2
4

Step 3 Step 4
Mul ply 3 tens by 2 and write product Mul ply 4 hundreds by 2 and write
which is 6, under tens column. product which is 8, under hundreds
H T O column.
4 3 2 H T O
4 3 2
x 2
6 4 x 2
8 6 4

Thus, 432 x 2 = 864

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Math Leve

Find the product.

H T O H T O H T O
3 2 3 1 1 2 1 4 4
x 3 x 4 x 2

H T O H T O H T O
2 4 3 5 1 8 3 1 2
x 2 x 1 x 3

H T O H T O H T O
1 1 1 2 1 1 7 8 6
x 3 x 4 x 1

H T O H T O H T O
4 1 4 1 3 2 1 2 2
x 2 x 3 x 4
Mul plica on of a 3-digit number by a 1-digit number (with re-grouping)
Mul ply 268 by 3.

H T O
2 6 8
Step Write the number in column form. x 3
1
Step 2
H T O
Mul ply 8 ones by 3
2
8 ones x 3 = 24 ones 2 6 8
24 ones = 2 ten + 4 ones x 3
Write 4 under ones column and carry over 4
2 tens to tens column.
Step 3
Mul ply 6 tens by 3
H T O
6 tens x 3 = 18 tens 2 2
18 tens + 2 ten (carried) = 20 tens 2 6 8
20 tens = 2 hundred + 0 tens x 3
Write 0 under tens column and carry over 0 4
2 hundreds to hundreds column.

Step 4
Mul ply 2 hundreds by 3
H T O
2 hundreds x 3 = 6 hundreds
2 2
6 hundreds + 2 hundred (carried) 2 6 8
= 8 hundred x 3
Write 8 under hundreds column. 8 0 4
Thus, 268 x 3 = 804
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Math Leve

Find the product.

H T O H T O H T O
1 2 2 4 7 2 1 3 7
x 6 x 2 x 5

H T O H T O H T O
2 6 4 1 4 4 3 6 8
x 3 x 7 x 2

H T O H T O H T O
1 7 5 2 8 1 1 2 4
x 5 x 4 x 8

H T O H T O H T O
1 6 3 3 2 8 1 1 9
x 6 x 3 x 7
 Mul plying by 10 and its mul ples
When a number is mul plies by 10 or mu ples of 10 (20, 30... etc.), the number
is mul plied by le digit (1, 2, 3...9) and another 0 is added to right of the
number.

4 x 1 ten = 4 mes 1 ten 6 x 8 tens = 6 mes 8 tens

= 1 ten + 1 ten + 1 ten + 1 ten = 8 tens + 8 tens + 8 tens +
= 4 tens 8 tens + 8 tens + 8 tens
Thus, = 48 tens
4 tens = 4 x 10
= 40 Thus, 48 tens = 48 x 10
= 480

Mul plying by 100 and its mul ples

When a number is mul plies by 100 or mu ples of 100 (200, 300... etc.), the
number is mul plied by le digit (1, 2, 3...9) and two zeros are added to right
of the number.
3 x 1 hundred = 3 mes 1 hundred
= 1 hundred + 1 hundred + 1 hundred
1
= 3 hundreds
Thus, 3 x 100 = 300
4 x 2 hundred = 4 mes 2 hundred
= 2 hundred + 2 hundred + 2 hundred + 2 hundred
2
= 8 hundreds
Thus, 4 x 200 = 800
Mul plying a number by 1
When a number is mul plied by 1, the product will always be the number itself.
As we see in mul plica on tables 2 x 1 =2, 3 x 1 = 3, 4 x 1 = 4 ... etc.

Mul plying a number by 0

When a number is mul plied by 0, the product will always be zero.
For example, 2 x0 =0, 3 x 0 = 0, 4 x 0 = 0 ... etc.
 lA
Math Leve

Fill in the blanks.

a. 7 x 10 = b. 8 x 30 = c. 4 x 80 =

d. 9 x 60 = a. 2 x 50 = f. 5 x 90 =

g. 3 x 100 = h. 6 x 700 = .i. 7 x 800 =

j. 8 x 500 = k. 4 x 900 = l. 2 x 300 =

Mul plica on of 2 digit numbers

Mul ply 58 by 14
Step 1 Step 2
As we know, 14 = 1 ten + 4 ones
Write the numbers ver cally. = 10 + 4.
So, 58 will first mul ply with 4 ones
and write the product.
H T O H T O
5 8 5 8
x 1 4 x 1 4 10 + 4
2 3 2 58 x 4

Step 3 Step 4
Then, 58 will mul ply by 1 ten and Now, add the products of step 2 and
write the product. step 3.
H T O H T O
5 8 5 8
x 1 4 10 + 4 x 1 4 10 + 4
2 3 2 58 x 4 2 3 2 58 x 4
5 8 0 58 x 10 5 8 0 58 x 10
8 1 2 58 x 14
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Math Leve

Mul ply.
a. b. c. d.
9 3 3 7 8 9 4 5
x 6 5 x 2 4 x 1 8 x 3 9

e. f. g. h.
5 0 7 6 6 4 9 7
x 3 0 x 4 2 x 6 0 x 7 3

WORD PROBLEMS

(a) There are 24 juice box in a crate. How

many juice boxes are there in 16 crates?

(b) In one day, a factory makes 65 balls. How

many balls will they manufacture in 7 days?

(c) Ali bought 9 boxes of watches. Each box

contains 10 watcehs. How many watches
does Ali have, altogether?

(d) There are 18 classrooms in a School. Each

classroom has 45 students in it. How many
students are there in School?