Ram Parida's Tutorial

Differential calculus 2024-25

Time : 60 Min Maths : Groupwise Paper Marks : 100
Hints and Solutions

e 8  2x, x   2, 4
51) Ans: 4) 2 f x  8  2 x  
e  3e  13 x   4, 2
8  2x,
Sol: Since, function f(x) is continuous at x = 1, 3
 
 f 1  f 1  2 x 4



 x  2and x  4 
 ae  be1  c ... (i)
 
f  3  f 3 

 9c  9a  6c  c  3a .... (ii)
From (i) and (ii),
b=ae (3-e) .... (iii)
ae x  be x 1  x  1

f 'x   2cx 1 x  3
 2ax  2c 3x4
 So, the graph of y=f(x) is
f'(0) = a-b, f'(2) = 4c
Given, f'(0) + f'(2) = e
a - b + 4c = e
a-b + 4c = e .... (iv)
From eqs. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv),
a  3ae  ae2  12a  e
e From the graph it is clear that x  2, 1,0,1,2 the
 13a  3ae  ae2  e  a  2
e  3e  13 curve has sharp edges and hence at these points f
is not differentiable.
52) Ans: 1) {-2,-1,0,1,2}
max x , x 2 ,

Sol: Here, f  x   
 x 2  53)
 3 1
Ans: 3)   , 
 2 2
8  2 x ,
 2 x 4
Sol:
Let us draw the graph of y=f(x)


for x  2f  x   max x , x 2  

sin  p  1 x  sin x
x0
x
Let us first draw the graph of y  x and y  x 2 as 
f x   q x  0 is continuous at x 
shown in the following figure.  2
 x2  x  x
 x0
 x 3/2

 
Therefore, f 0  f  0   f 0   ... (i)
sin  p  1 h   sin  h 
 
f 0  lim f  0  h   lim
h0 h0 h
2
Clearly, y  x and y  x intersect at x  1,0,1   sin  p  1 h sinh 
 lim   
h h 
 
h0 
Now, the graph of y  max x , x 2 for x  2is 
sin  p  1 h sinh
 lim   p  1  lim
h0 h  p  1 h0 h

= (p+1) + 1 = p+2 .... (ii)

2
 
And f 0  lim f  0  h  
h0
h h  h
h3/2

For x   2,4

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1
2  x  3   k1 ; x  3 
 h  2  h  1  1  
 lim
h 0  1 
 Now,
d
dx
 
g  f  x    2  x  3   k1 ; 3  x  0 
 
h  h2   4e x ; x0 
 
  6  k1  4
h 1 1 h 1 1 h 1 1 k1  2 ... (ii)
 lim   lim
h0 h h  1  1 h0  h 1 1   k1  2,k2  1
1 1 1  x  3 2  2  x  3  ; x  3 
 lim  .... (iii)  
h0 h  1  1 11 2  
gof  x    x  3   2  x  3  ; 3  x  0 
2

Now, from equation (1)  

 4e x  1 ; x0 
 
f  0   f  0   f 0  p  2  q 
1
2
 
gof  4  gof  4  4e4  2
1 3  3 1
q 
2
and p 
2
  p,q     , 
 2 2

 2 2e4  1 
54) Ans: 4) not continuous for any values of a 56) Ans: 1) -34
and b Sol: Given, x2  y2  sin y  4
Sol: Let f(x) is continuous at x=1, then After differentiating the above equation w.r.t.x we get
 
f 11  f 1  f 1   2x  2y
dy
 cos
dy
0 .... (i)
dx dx
5 a b
dy
Let f(x) is continuous at x=3, then  2x   2y  cos y  0
 
f 3  f  3  f 3   dy 2x
dx

 a  3b  b  15 ... (ii)  
dx 2y  cos y
Let f(x) is continuous at x =5, then
 
f 5  f  5   f 5    At  2,0  , 

dy 
dx 
 2,0

2 
2  2
0  cos 0
 b  25  30
 b  30  25  5 \From (i), a = 0  dy  4
  
But a = 0, b=5 do not satisfy equation (ii)  dx  2,0 0  1
Hence, f(x) is not continuous for any values of a and b
 dy 
  4 .... (ii)
55) 
Ans: 4) 2 2e  1 4
  dx  2,0 
Again differentiating equation (i) w.r.t. to x, we get
 x3 ; x  3  2 2
   dy  d2 y  dy  d2 y
Sol: f  x     x  3  ; 3  x  0  2  2   2y  sin y  dx   cos y 0
   dx  dx 2   dx 2
x
 e ; x0  2
 dy  d2 y
  2   2  sin y      2y  cos y  2  0
 x  k1x ; x  0 
2
  dx 
g x    dx
 4x  k 2 ; x  0 
  d2 y
2
 dy 
 2y  cos y   2   2  sin y   
  1
 f  x  2  k f  x  ; f  x   0 dx 2
 dx 

g  f  x    
 4f  x   k 2 ; f  x   0
2
  dy 
 2   2  sin y   
d2 y  dx 
 x  3 2  k  x  3  ; x  3   
 1
 dx 2 2y  cos y
 
g  f  x     x  3   k1  x  3  ; 3  x  0 
2
d2 y 2   2  0   42
  So, at (-2, 0), 
 4e x  k 2 ; x 0  dx 2 2 0 1
 
2
To obtainvalue of k1 and k2 d y 2  2  16 d2 y
 2
   34
Check continnuity at x = 0 dx 1 dx 2
gof  0   g f 0    g  f 0  

3
4  k2  9  3k1  4  k2 57) Ans: 4)
10
3k1  k2  5 .... (i)  1  x2  1 
Differentiate Sol: Let u  tan1  
 x 
 
Put x  tan     tan1 x

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 sec   1    Sol: Here, f  a   2,f '  a   1,g a   1,g ' a   2

 u  tan1    tan1  tan 
 tan    2 g  x  f a   g a  f  x 
 lim
 1 x a x a
  tan1 x
2 2 g '  x  f a   g a  f '  x 
du 1 1  lim ,
   x a 1 0
dx 2 1  x 2   using L'Hospital's rule
 2x 1  x 2   g '  a  f  a   g  a  f ' a   2  2   11  5
Let v  tan1  
 1  2x 2 
  9
60) Ans: 1)
Put x  sin     sin1 x 1  9x 3
 2sin  cos   Sol: Consider
v  tan1    tan  tan 2 
1

 cos 2 
y  tan 1 

6x x 

1 
 tan 
2. 3x 3/2  

3 
1
 2  2sin x  2

dv 1
 1  9x  1  3x

3/2
 

2
dx 1  x2
2
 

 2 tan1 3x 3/2  2 tan1 x  tan1

2x 

1  x2 
du du / dx 1 x
  dy 1 3 9
  .3   x  
1/2
dv dv / dx 4 1  x 2   2. . x
 
2
dx 1  3x 3/2 2 1  9x 3
 du  3
  1   10 9
 dv  x   g x 
 2 1  9x 3

58) Ans: 3) (2,3) 61) Ans: 1) No such  exists

Sol: After simplication, the original function Sol: We know that when x  0 , then {x} = 1- h
becomes as
where h  0
 sin  x  2

 x2
, 2  x  1
LHL  lim

cos 1 1  1  h  sin1  h 
2

f x  

0 , 1  x  0 Now, check the h0
1  h  1  1  h 2 
 2x , 0  x 1
 1 , otherwise
 lim

cos 1 1  1  h 
2
 sin 1
 h

 2
1


continuity at three points x = -2, -1, -1.
At x = - 2,
h0 1  h h  2  h 1 2 4
and when x  0 then {x} = h where h  0
 
f 2  lim f  2  h   lim
h0
sinh
h0 h
1

cos 1 1  h2 sin1 1  h  
f  2   f  2  1
 RHL  lim
x 0 h  h3
f is continuous at x=-2
 
2
At x = - 1, sin1 1  1  h2 sin1 1  h 
 lim
 
f 1  lim
sin  1  h  2
 sin1
h0

h 1  h2 
h0  1  h  2

f is discontinuous at x = - 1
 lim

sin1 h 2  h2 sin1 1  h  
 0
f 1  h0

h 1  h2 
At x =1, f 1   1and f 1   2
 

 lim

sin1 h 2  h2   h 2h 2
 sin1 1  h 
 f is not continuous at x=1 h0
h 2h 2

h 1 h 2

   
f 0  f 0   f  0   0
2  
 f is continuous at x=0 1  
But x=0 1 2 2
LHD = 0, RHD = 2 LHL  RHL
 f is not differentiable at x=0 So, f (x) is discontinuous at x = 0.
Function is not differentiable at x=-1, 0, 1 and function is
not continuous at x =-1, 1. 62) Ans: 4) -8
Therefore, m=2 and n=2 and  m,n   2,3  x  4, x  0
Sol: Given function f  x   
 x  4|, x  0
59) Ans: 3) 5

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
 x  1, x0 a 1 0
g x  
Sol: Given function is f  x   ax
 x  4   b, x  0
2
 a 1
Function is continuous at R, and it is defined at x = 0. ax 2 ax a
Then L.H.L = R.H.L = f(x).
1 1 0
lim f  x   lim f  x 
x 0 x 0 f x  a x a 1
lim x  4  lim  x  a  x2 ax a
x 0 x 0

lim  0  h   4   0  a 
h0
a = 4.   
 a 1 a 2  ax  1 ax  x 2 
  
lim g  x   lim g  x   f x  a x  a
2
x 0 x 0
Differentiate w.r.t. 'x'
lim  x  4  b
2
x 0  f'(x) = 2a (x+a)
Put the value of f'(x) at x = 10, 5 in the required equation
 lim  x  1
x 0 as, 2f'(10) - f(5) + 100 = 0
16  6  1  b  15  2  2a 10  a   2a 5  a   100  0
Take, (gof) (2) + (fog) (-2)
 40a  4a2  10a  2a 2  100  0
g(f(2)) + f(g(-2)) = g (12 - 41) + f (-2 + 1)
2a2  30a  100  0
 g  2  f  1   2  4  15   1  4
2
 a 2  15a  50  0 (a+ 10) (a+5) = 0
= - 15 - 1 + 4 = 8 - 16 = - 8. a = -10 or a = -5
Required   10    5   125
2 2
63) Ans: 2) f is differentiable everywhere in  0,  
Sol: Since graph of max sin t : 0  t  x in
65) Ans: 4) c  b 2
x  0, 
Sol: Here, f  x   x2  2bx  2c2 and
 max value of sin t is1
g  x   x2  2cx  b2
Then, f(x) is minimum and g(x) is maximum at
 b D 
 x  4a and f  x   4a  , respectively.
 

 4b2  8c2 
 min f  x  
4
2c  b 
2 2

and graph of cos for x   , 

 4c2  4b2   b c
and max g  x   
4  1
 2
 2

Now, min f(x) > max g(x)

 2c2  b2  b2  c2  c2  2b2
c  2 b

So graph of 5 3
66) Ans: 1)  ,
max sin t : 0  t  x, 0  x   2 2
f x   x (1  a cosx)  b sinx
 2  cos x x Sol: lim 1
x 0 x3
 lim
x 0


  x2 x4 x6   
 x 3 x5 

x 1  a 1     ..    b  x    ..

  2! 4! 6!   
 3! 5! 
3
1
x
b a  a b
(1  a  b)  x 2     x 4     ...
 cos  x  , 0  x  
  lim  3! 2!   4! 5!  1
For differentiability f ' x   x 0 x2
 sin  x  ,
 x
.....(i)
Hence, f(x) is differentiable everywhere in  0,   If 1  a  b  0, then L.H.S.   as x  0 whereas
R.H.S.=1,  1  a  b  0.
64) Ans: 3) 125

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b a a b 1 2 5
x2     x4     ... x ,1, ,2,
Now from (i), lim  3! 2!   4! 5!  1
2 3 2
x 0 x2
b a x 2 sin  x 
   1  b  3a  6 . 69) Ans: 7 Sol: We have, lim 1
3! 2! x  sin x
x 0
On solving 1  a  b  0 and b  3a  6, we 
x 2  x 
x   x   ... 
3 5
get a  5 /2, b  3 /2 .
 3! 5! 
 lim   1
1 x 0  x 3
x 5 
 log x 3  x.3  log x 2  x   x    ... 
67) Ans: 0 Sol: lim x  3! 5! 
x  1  2x
(By L' Hospital's rule)  3 x 2 5 x 4 
x 3      ... 
1 1  3! 5!  1
3  logx    6  logx  
2
 lim
 lim x x (By L' Hospital's x 0 x 3
x5
x  2    1 x    ...
3! 5!
rule) Limit exists only, when   1  0
3  logx   6logx
2
 lim  1 ... 1
x  2x
 3 x 2 5 x 4 
(By L' Hospital's rule) x 3      ... 
1 6  3! 5!  1
6 logx    lim
x x x 0  1 x 2 
 lim (By L' Hospital's rule) x 3    ... 
x  2
 3! 5! 
6 log x  6
 lim (By L' Hospital's rule)  6  1 ...  2
x  2x
From eq (1) and (2), we obtained
1 6
6   0 6       6  6  6  1  7
x
 lim     0
x  2 2
70) Ans: 2 Sol: Given that

68) Ans: 5 Sol: We know that f  x    x  x 2  1  sin   x  1
x-[x] = {x} graph of {x} = x  3
 3  2x 2 , 2  x  1
 2
 x , 1  x  0

f x   3
 1, 0  x 1
 2
Now 1+ [x] - x=1 - {x}  1
x2  1  , 1 x  2
Graph of 1-{x} is  2
We conclude from above f(x) is discontinous at x = 0, 1.

71) Ans: 79 Sol: Given expression is

 1
f  x   4 2x  3  9  x    12  x  20 x   20,20 
 2
f(x) is not Diff. at x  I  19, 18,...0,...19  39
Now combined graph of f(x) is 1
at x  I  ,f  x  Non diff. at 39 points
2
3 3
Check at x  Discount at x 
2 2
No. of point of non-differentiability = 39 + 39 + 1 = 79.
c
72) Ans: 0 Sol:
1  x  1  x;0  x  1and x  x
(log x)n  
lim x m (log x)n  lim   Form 
x 0  x 0  x m
 
By applying L-Hospital's rule,
 n1 1
n  log x  n1

x  lim n (log x) 
lim     Form 
x 0  mx m 1 x 0  mx m
 
Non differentiable at
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 Ram Parida's Tutorial

By applying L-Hospital's rule,  x  sin x   x  sin x 

1 2sin   sin  
n (n  1) (log x)(n2)  2   2 
x  lim
 lim 2  m1
x 0 x4
x 0  (m) x  x  sin x   x  sin x 
2sin   sin   x 2  sin2 x
n (n  1) (log x)n2    2   2 
 lim 2 m  Form    lim 
x 0  m x   x 0  x  sin x   x  sin x  4x 4
 2   2 
n!    
Similarly, lim 0
x 0  (m)n x m  x  sin x   x  sin x  1
 lim 2  1  1    
(i.e. Differentiating Nr and Dr n times). x 0  x  x3 4
x 3 x5
 cos    n sin  x   x    .....
e e e 3! 5!
73) Ans: 2 Sol: We have, lim   1 1 1
0 
  m 
 2  2 2  
  6 4 6
 cos a 1
n
 f  x  is continuous
e e
 lim 
 1 cos n  1
.  

e
 lim f  x   f  0 
0 n
cos   1   m
2 x 0
1 1
n   k6
 cos   1
n
 2sin 2 6 k
e  1 2 e
 lim e   . lim
0

  
n
cos   1 

 0  m
2

 n 
sin2  
 2  2n e
 e  1   2 lim 2n
. m 
0  4 2
4
2nm e
 e  1  2  1  lim 
0 4 2
m
For this to be exists, 2n  m  0  2
n

74) Ans: 0 Sol: Consider,

p  x   ax 4  bx3  cx2  dx  e
 p'  x   4ax3  3bx2  2cx  d
p' 1  4a  3b  2c  d  0 ... 1
and p'  2  32a  12b  4c  d  0 ... 2
 p x 
Since, lim 1  2   2 ... given
x 0  x 

ax 4  bx 3   c  1 x 2  dx  e
 lim 2
x 0 x2
 c  1  2,d  0,e  0
c 1
From eq (1) and (2), we get
4a  3b  2 and 32a  12b  4
1
 a  and b  1
4
x4 16
p  x    x 3  x 2  p  2  84
4 4
p  2  0

cos sin x   cos x

75) Ans: 6 Sol: lim f  x   lim
x 0 x 0 x4

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