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SQL Vs Nosql

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6 views

SQL Vs Nosql

Uploaded by

ddlyt000124
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SQL (Structured Query Language) and NoSQL (Not Only SQL) databases are two broad

categories of database systems that serve different purposes and have different
characteristics. Here are the main differences between SQL and NoSQL databases:

1. Data Model

SQL Databases:

● Relational: Data is stored in tables with rows and columns. Each table represents a
different entity, and relationships between entities are established using foreign keys.
● Schema: A predefined schema with fixed columns. Each row in the table must
adhere to this schema.
● Examples: MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle Database, Microsoft SQL Server.

NoSQL Databases:

● Non-Relational: Data can be stored in various formats including key-value pairs,


documents, graphs, or wide-column stores.
● Schema-less: No fixed schema, allowing for dynamic and flexible data structures.
● Examples: MongoDB (Document), Redis (Key-Value), Cassandra (Wide-Column),
Neo4j (Graph).

2. Scalability

SQL Databases:

● Vertical Scalability: Typically scaled by increasing the hardware capacity of a single


server (adding more CPU, RAM, or storage).
● Limited Horizontal Scalability: Some SQL databases support horizontal scaling
(adding more servers), but it is generally more complex.

NoSQL Databases:

● Horizontal Scalability: Designed to scale out by adding more servers, making it


easier to handle large volumes of data and high traffic loads.

3. Transactions and Consistency

SQL Databases:

● ACID Compliance: Ensures atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability of


transactions, making them suitable for applications requiring reliable and consistent
transactions.
● Strong Consistency: Ensures that all database transactions are consistent and
follow the same set of rules.

NoSQL Databases:
● BASE Properties: Follows the principles of Basic Availability, Soft state, and
Eventual consistency.
● Eventual Consistency: Data changes are eventually propagated across the system,
but immediate consistency is not guaranteed.

4. Query Language

SQL Databases:

● Structured Query Language (SQL): A standardized language for querying and


managing relational databases. SQL provides powerful tools for data manipulation
and complex queries.
● Complex Queries: Supports joins, subqueries, and other advanced querying
techniques.

NoSQL Databases:

● Variety of Query Languages: Each NoSQL database may use its own query
language or API. For example, MongoDB uses a JSON-like query language, and
Cassandra uses CQL (Cassandra Query Language).
● Simpler Queries: Often optimized for simpler, more specific queries rather than
complex joins and subqueries.

5. Use Cases

SQL Databases:

● Structured Data: Ideal for applications with structured data and clear relationships,
such as financial systems, inventory management, and traditional enterprise
applications.
● Complex Transactions: Suitable for scenarios requiring complex transactions and
strong consistency.

NoSQL Databases:

● Unstructured and Semi-Structured Data: Suitable for handling unstructured or


semi-structured data such as JSON, XML, or multimedia content.
● Big Data and Real-Time Applications: Ideal for applications requiring high
scalability and real-time data processing, such as social media platforms, IoT
applications, and big data analytics.

Summarya

● SQL Databases: Structured data, strong consistency, ACID transactions, predefined


schema, vertical scalability.
● NoSQL Databases: Flexible schema, horizontal scalability, eventual consistency,
suitable for unstructured data, optimized for high performance and scalability.

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