8

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Factors Completely Different
Types of Polynomials and Solves
Problems Involving Factoring
Mathematics – Grade 8
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Factors Completely Different Types of Polynomials and Solves
Problems Involving Factoring
First Edition, 2020

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 8

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Factors Completely Different
Types of Polynomials and Solves
Problems Involving Factoring

ii
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different
activities in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be
reminded of the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material,
you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding
of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Let Us Learn

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It will help
you understand better on how to factor completely different types of
polynomials and solve problems involving factoring of polynomials. The scope
of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
lessons are done to follow the standard sequence of the course.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. factor completely different types of polynomials (M8AL-Ia-b1)
2. solve problems involving factoring (M8AL-Ia-b2)

Let Us Try
Multiple Choice. Read and analyze the following items and choose the letter of the
correct answer from the given choices. Write the letter of the correct answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. All of the following expressions are perfect squares, EXCEPT one. What is it?
A. 𝑥 2 𝑦 6 B. 12𝑎2 𝑏 2 C. 16𝑥 2 𝑦 6 D. 25𝑥 6 𝑦 8
2. Which among the quadratic trinomials is a perfect square trinomial?
A. 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑦 2 C. 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 4
B. 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 D. 4𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1
3. What is the product of (x + 3) (x + 2)?
A. 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 6 B. 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 5 C. 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6 D. 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6
4. What is the product of (y – 7) (y + 7)?
A. 𝑦 2 − 14 B. 𝑦 2 − 49 C. 𝑦 2 + 14 D. 𝑦 2 + 49
5. What is the product of (x - 3𝑦)2 ?
A. 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑦 + 9𝑦 2 B. 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥𝑦 − 9𝑦 2 C. 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑦 − 9𝑦 2 D. 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥𝑦 + 9𝑦 2

Let Us Study
Do you still remember your Math lessons in Grade 7 on finding the product of
polynomials? Can you still recall the patterns involved in multiplying algebraic
expressions? Last year, you already knew that there are special forms of algebraic
expressions whose products are readily seen. These are called special products.
The patterns of the following expressions below help you recall the special products.

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1. Square of a Binomial

Symbols/Pattern: (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 + 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐

(𝒂 − 𝒃)𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 − 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐

In the pattern, if 𝒂 is the first term and 𝒃 is the last term, then the
square of a binomial consists of:

a) the square of the first term (𝒂𝟐);

b) twice the product of the first and last terms (𝟐𝒂𝒃); and
c) the square of the last term (𝒃𝟐).

2. Product of the sum and difference of two terms

Symbols/Pattern: (𝒂 + 𝒃)(𝒂 − 𝒃) = 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒃𝟐

If 𝒂 is the first term and 𝒃 is the last term, then the product of the sum
and difference of two terms consists of:
a) square of the first term; and
b) square of the last term
Notice that the product is the difference of the squares of the terms
and is always a binomial.

In this module, you will learn about Factoring Different Types of Polynomials:
Factoring Polynomials with Common Monomial Factor, Factoring Difference of Two
Squares, Factoring Sum and Difference of Two Cubes, Factoring Perfect Square
Trinomials and Factoring General Quadratic Trinomials. You will also learn how to
solve problems involving factoring.
Rewriting a polynomial as a product of polynomials is called factoring a
polynomial. For example, we have:

𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 = 𝑥(𝑥 + 5)

3𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 = 3𝑥 (𝑥 + 3)

4𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 = 4𝑥 (𝑥 + 2)

The Greatest Common Factor or GCF of 𝑥 2 and 5𝑥 is x. For the polynomial

𝑥 2 + 5𝑥, the factored form is 𝑥(𝑥 + 5). Hence the two prime factors 𝑥 and 𝑥 + 5 are
the two prime factors of 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥.

To find the GCF of two or more polynomials you use prime factorization. For
example:

1. 𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 5𝑥
x2 = x·x
5x = 5· x
GCF = x
In the example above x is common with 𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 5𝑥, hence the GCF is x.

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 2. 3𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 9𝑥
3X2 = 3· x·x
9x = 3· 3 · x
GCF = 3· x = 3x
Here 3x is common between 3𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 9𝑥, so the GCF is 3x.

3. 4𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 8𝑥

4X2 = 2·2· x·x

8x = 2 · 2 · 2 · x
GCF = 2·2· x = 4x
In this example 4x is common between 4𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 8𝑥, so the GCF is 4x.

A. Common Monomial Factoring

Factor Completely.

a. 2x + 6 b. 14𝑥 3 𝑦 – 21𝑦 2 c. 9𝑎2 𝑏 3 + 15𝑎5 𝑏 4 – 18𝑎3 𝑏 2

Solution:

a. Find the GCF of each term in 2x + 6.

2X = 2· x
6 = 3· 2
GCF = 2
Use the GCF to divide each term of the polynomial and write the quotient inside the
parenthesis. In this case 2x ÷ 2 = x; and 6 ÷ 2 = 3.

So, the factored form of 2x + 6 = 2 (x + 3).

b. Find the GCF of each term in 14𝑥 3 𝑦 – 21𝑦 2

14𝑥 3 𝑦 = 7 · 2 · x · x · x · y
21𝑦 2 = 7 · 3 ·y·y
GCF = 7y
Use the GCF to divide each term of the polynomial and write the quotient inside the
parenthesis. In this case 14𝑥 3 𝑦 ÷ 7y = 2x3; and 21𝑦 2 ÷ 7y = 3y.

So, the factored form of 14𝑥 3 𝑦 – 21𝑦 2 = 7y ( 2x3 - 3y).

c. Find the GCF of each term in 9𝑎2 𝑏 3 + 15𝑎5 𝑏 4 – 18𝑎3 𝑏 2 .

9a2b3 = 3·3·a·a ·b·b·b

15a b =
5 4 5·3 ·a·a·a·a·a ·b·b·b·b
-18a b = - 2·
3 2 3·3·a·a·a ·b·b
GCF = 3· a ·a · b·b = 3𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐

Use the GCF to divide each term of the polynomial and write the quotient inside the
parenthesis. In this case 9𝑎2 𝑏 3 ÷ 3𝑎2 𝑏 2 = 3b; 15𝑎5 𝑏 4 ÷ 3𝑎2 𝑏 2 = 5a3b2 ; and – 18𝑎3 𝑏 2
÷ 3𝑎2 𝑏 2 = - 6a.

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So the factored form of 9𝑎2 𝑏 3 + 15𝑎5 𝑏 4 – 18𝑎3 𝑏 2 = 3𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐 (3b + 5𝒂𝟑 𝒃𝟐 - 6a)

Activity no.1: Factor each expression.

1. 2x2 + 6x – 18
2. 3a3b4 + 12ab3 + 18ab5
3. 35xy2 + 21x2y3 + 14x3y2
4. a2b3c – a3b4c2 + a5b2c3
5. 3m2 + 12m – 15

B. Factoring Difference of Two Squares.

Now observe how the expressions below are factored and how each term
relates with each other.

a) 𝑎2 – 𝑏 2 = (a + b)(a – b) c) 𝑥 2 – 49y 6 = (x - 7𝑦 3 ) (x + 7𝑦 3 )

b) 9𝑚2 – 64 = (3m - 8)(3m + 8) d) 𝑐 2 𝑑 4 – 25𝑟 2 = (𝑐𝑑 2 + 5r) (𝑐𝑑 2 – 5r)

Guide Questions:

1. What kind of number is the first term of each polynomial?

2. What kind of number is the last term of each polynomial?
3. What is the middle sign of the polynomial?
4. How was the polynomial factored?
5. What pattern did you see in the factors of the difference of two terms?
6. Can all expressions be factored using difference of two squares? Why or why
not?
7. When can you factor expressions using difference of two squares?

Answer to the Questions:

1. The first terms are perfect squares.
2. The last terms are perfect squares.
3. The middle sign is a minus sign.
4. Just extract the square root of the first term and the last term
5. The sum and difference of the square roots of the first and last terms or
(x – y)(x + y)
6. Not all expressions can be factored using the difference of two square, because
not all expressions are difference of two squares.
7. Only difference of two binomials whose first term is a perfect square and the
last term also is a perfect square.
Remember that the factored form of a polynomial which is a difference of
two squares is the sum and difference of the square roots of the first and
last terms.
Illustrative Example: Factor 81x2 – 144y2.

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 The square root of 81x2 is 9x and the square root of 144y2 is 12y. To write
their factors, write the product of the sum and difference of the square roots.
Hence, the factors of 81x2 – 144y2 = (9x + 12y )(9x – 12y).

Now let us test your new learning by answering this activity.

Activity no. 2: Factor each polynomial below.

1. 𝑝 2 – 4𝑟 2

2. 121𝑚4 – 16𝑛2
3. 25𝑥 2 – 9
4. a2b2 – 169c2d2
5. 64𝑎2 – 1
C. Factoring the Sum and Difference of Two Cubes.
Now observe how the expressions below are factored and how each term
relates with each other.

a) (a + b)(𝑎2 – ab + 𝑏 2 ) = 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3
b) (a – b)(𝑎2 + ab + 𝑏 2 ) = 𝑎3 - 𝑏 3

Guide questions:

1. What are the resulting products?

2. How are the terms of the products related to the terms in the factors?
3. What if the process was reversed and you were asked to find the factors
of the product? How are you going to get the factor?
4. Do you see any common pattern?

Answer to the Questions:

1. Sum or difference of two cubes
2. The product is the sum or difference the cube of the first term of the binomial
factor and the cube of the last term of the binomial factor.
3. The factors of the sum or difference of two cubes is composed of a binomial
factor and a trinomial factor. For the binomial factor, first extract the cube root
of the first and last term of the product and copy the sign of the product. For the
trinomial factor, the first term is the square the first term of the binomial factor,
the middle term is the product of the first and last term of the binomial factor.
The last term of the trinomial factor is the square of the last term of the binomial
factor.

4. Yes
To understand the lesson about factoring the sum and difference of two
cubes, the key is to “memorize” or remember the patterns involved in the formulas.

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So here are the formulas that summarize how to factor the sum and difference of
two cubes. Study them carefully.

Case 1: The polynomial in the form a3 + b3 is called the sum of two cubes
because the two terms which are perfect cubes are being added.

Case 1: Sum of Two Cubes

Case 2: The polynomial in the form a3 − b3 is called the difference of two

cubes because two terms which are perfect cubes are being subtracted.

Case 2: Difference of Two Cubes

Illustrative Examples:
A. What is the factored form of 27x3 + 1000?

Steps:

1) The first factor is a binomial. This is how to get the binomial factor. First, find
the cube roots of the first and last terms of the given polynomial.

The cube root of 27𝑥 3 is 3x and the cube root of 1000 is 10.

2) Since the given expression is a sum of two cubes, so we will add the two terms.

Thus, we have (3x + 10) as our binomial factor.

3) The second factor is a trinomial. This is how to get the trinomial. First, Square
the first term of the binomial factor;

Since the first term of our binomial factor is 3x, then its square is
9𝒙𝟐 .

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 4) Next, since our binomial factor is addition, the second term of our trinomial
will use subtraction and the term is the product of the first and second terms
of the binomial factor.

Since 3x is the first term and 10 is the second term in our binomial
factor thus the middle term of our trinomial is – 30x.

5) The last term of our trinomial factor is the square of the second term of the
binomial factor.

Since the last term of our binomial factor is 10, then its square is
100.

Thus, we have (9𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝟎𝒙 + 100) as our trinomial factor.

6) Hence the factors of 27x3 + 1000 = (3x + 10) (9x2 – 30x + 100)

What have you learned from the lesson? Let us now test your learning
by doing this task below.

Activity no. 3 Write the factored form of the following expressions:

1) 27𝑎3 – 8𝑏 3 4. 8ℎ3 – 125𝑑 6
2) 64𝑚6 + 343𝑛3 5. 1000𝑦 3 - 1
3) 𝑟 3 𝑠3 – 27𝑡 3

B. Factoring Perfect Square Trinomials.

Squaring a binomial generates a perfect square trinomial:
1. (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2 2. (a – b)2 = a2 – 2ab + b2

What we need to do now, is to "remember" these patterns so that we

can be on the look-out for them when factoring.

Illustrative Examples:
1. Factor: x2 + 12x + 36

Solution:
a) Does this fit the pattern of a perfect square trinomial?

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 Yes. Both x2 and 36 are perfect squares, and 12x is twice the product
of the square root of the first and the last terms which are x and 6.

b) Since all signs are positive, the pattern is (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2. Let
a = x and b = 6.

Thus the factors of x2 + 12x + 36 = (x + 6)2 or (x + 6)(x + 6)

2. Factor 4r2 – 12r + 9

Solution:

a) Since 4r2 = (2r)2 and 9 = (3)2 are perfect squares, and (–12r) is twice the
product of 2r and 3 or (–2) (2r) (3) then it follows the given expression is a
perfect square trinomial.

b) The square root of the first term is 2r and the square root of the last term
is 3. Thus, the factors of 4r2 – 12r + 9 = (2r – 3)2.

Generalizations:

 Remember that a Perfect Square Trinomial is the result of squaring

a binomial. A perfect square trinomial has first and last terms which
are perfect squares and a middle term which is twice the product of the
square root of the first and last terms.

 Remember that to factor Perfect Square Trinomials:

1. Get the square root of the first and last terms.
2. List down the square root as sum/difference of two terms as the
case may be.

 Remember also to factor out first the Greatest Common Monomial

Factor (GCMF) before factoring the Perfect Square Trinomial.

Activity no. 4 Let’s test your learning by doing this task. Supply the missing term
to make a true statement.

1. 𝑑 2 + 12d + 36 = (d + ___)2

2. 16𝑡 2 – 24t + 9 = (4t – ___)2

3. 𝑥 4 𝑦 2 – 6x2 yz + 9𝑧 2 = (x2y __ ___)2

4. 9𝑛2 + 30nd + 25𝑑 2 =

(___ __ 5d)2

5. 4x2 + 4xy + 𝑦 2 =
(___ __ ___)2

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 Are all trinomials perfect squares? How do we factor trinomials that are not
perfect squares?

E. Factoring General Quadratic Trinomials

In factoring general trinomials, we will consider first that our trinomial is a

Quadratic Trinomial.
The general form of a quadratic trinomial is written as ax2 + bx + c where a,
b, and c are constants. We will divide this lesson into two cases:
a) First case is when the leading coefficient a = 1 and
b) Second case is when the leading coefficient a is greater than 1 or a > 1

First Case: Factoring General Quadratic Trinomials When a = 1

Example: Factor m2 + 5m + 6

Solution 1: Factoring Through Inspection/Guess and Check Method

a. List all the possible factors of 6
F actors of 6
2 3
6 1
-2 -3
-6 -1

b. Find factors of 6 whose sum is 5

Factors of 6 Sum
2 3 5
6 1 7
-2 -3 -5
-6 -1 -7

c. Thus, the factor of m2 + 5m + 6 = (m + 2) (m + 3)

Solution 2: AC Method
a. Identify a, b, and c in the trinomial m2 + 5m + 6. In our example a = 1,
b = 5 and c = 6

b. Find the product of the leading coefficient a and the constant c

ac = (1)(6) = 6

c. Find factors of ac whose sum is b or follow the format:

(factor 1) ● (factor 2) = ac in which factor 1 + factor 2 = b
By Following the format,

___ ● ___ = 6 wherein ___ + ___ = 5

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 So, the answer is:

2 ● 3 = 6 wherein 2 + 3 = 5

Thus, the factor of m2 + 5m + 6 = (m + 2)(m + 3)

Try your new skill in factoring quadratic trinomials by answering this

exercise below.
Activity no.5 Factor each quadratic trinomial by using any method.

1. n2 – n – 20 4. a2 + 9a + 18

2. x2 + 17x + 72 5. y2 – 12y + 35

3. x2 – 4x – 32

Second Case: Factoring General Quadratic Trinomials When a > 1

Example: Factor 6x2 – x – 2
Solution: Asterisk Method
a. Identify a, b, and c in the given trinomial So, a = 6, b = -1, and c = -2

b. Draw your asterisk like this:

c. On the top, put the ac, and on the bottom, just put b. So, your
asterisk will be similar to this:
ac (6)(-2) -12

b -1 -1

d. Now, apply the process of finding the factors (the factor 1 and factor
2) of ac whose sum is b that you’ve learned in the first case and put
them on the lower left and lower right of your asterisk. You may use
the guess and check method for this step.

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 e. Write the value of a in both of the remaining two sections and reduce
the fractions in your asterisk

-12 -12
6 6 6 6
3 -4 3 -4
-1 -1

f. The fractions in lowest term form your factors.

-12
2 3
1 -2
-1

(2x + 1)(3x – 2)

g. So, the factors of 6x2 – x – 2 = (2x + 1) (3x – 2).

What have you learned from the discussion? Can we apply the asterisk method in
factoring all types of polynomials? Why or why not?

Now let’s try another exercise to check whether you’ve learned the lesson or not.

Activity no.6 Factor each quadratic trinomial by using asterisk method. You may
use extra sheets of paper for this exercise. Show your solution.

1. 8x2 + 2x – 3 4. 18x2 + 13x + 2

2. 5x2 – 17x – 12 5. 21x2 – 29x – 10
3. 2𝑦 2 + 11y + 12

What have you learned from all of these factoring techniques? Which factoring
type or technique you find most difficult to apply? Why?

Solving Problems Involving Factoring

Now, we are ready to apply the knowledge that we learned in factoring to
solve problems.

Do you still remember how to translate verbal phrases into algebraic

phrases? What about translating English sentences into mathematical equations?
Can you still remember how?

Let’s take for example, “Twelve decreased by twice a number is two.” In

order to translate it properly into mathematical equation, follow the following
steps:
Step 1: Assign a variable to the unknown quantity. Let the unknown number = n

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Step 2: Find two verbal expressions for the same value.

Step 3: Write a mathematical expression for each verbal expression.

Write the equals sign.

12 – 2n = 2
So, the correct translation is 12 – 2n = 2.

These are the following steps in solving word problems:

Identify the Problem

Begin by determining the scenario the problem you want to solve. This might
come as a question or a statement. Either way, the word problem provides you with
all the information you need to solve it. Once you identified the problem, you can
determine the unit of measurement for the final answer.

Gather Information

Create a table, list, graph or chart that outlines the information you know, and
leave blanks for any information that is unknown. Each word problem may require
a different format, but a visual representation of the necessary information makes
it easier to work with.

Make a Representation

Represent the unknown using any of the variables.

Create an Equation

Translate any of the math terms into mathematical symbols. For example, the
words and phrases "sum," "more than," "increased" and "in addition to" all
indicates addition, so write the "+" symbol to represent these words. Use a letter for
the unknown variable, and create an algebraic equation that represents the
problem.

Solve the Problem

Using the equation, solve the problem by plugging in the values and solving for
the unknown variable. Double-check your calculations along the way to prevent
any mistakes. PEMDAS Parenthesis, Exponent, Multiply, Divide, Add and Subtract

15
in the correct order using the order of operations. Exponents and roots come first,
then multiply or divide whichever comes first from left to right, and finally add or
subtraction whichever comes first from left to right.

Verify the Answer

Substitute your answer to the equation if it makes the equation true. Check if
your answer makes sense with what you know. Using common sense, estimate an
answer and see if you come close to what you expected. If the answer seems
absurdly large or too small, search through the problem to find where you went
wrong.

An important property of real numbers needed to solve problems in factoring is

the Zero-Product Property.

Study this proof:

If 𝑎 = 0 then (𝑎)(𝑏) = 0, is true. (Refer to page 213 of Elementary Algebra book for
more information about this proof).

Hence if 𝑎 ≠ 0, then 𝑏 = 0. Use the same procedure in page 213 to show that if
𝑏 ≠ 0, then 𝑎 = 0.

If a polynomial can be factored into two factors whose product is zero, then one or
both of the factors must be equal to 0.
Illustrative Example:

1. The square of a positive integer is 98 less than twice the square of the next
consecutive positive integer. What are the integers?

Solution:
I. Identify the Problem

The problem asks for two consecutive positive integers.

II. Gather Information
The square of a positive integer is 98 less than twice the square of the
next consecutive positive integer.

III. Make Representations

Let x = the first positive integer;

x + 1 = the next consecutive positive integer;

x2 = the square of the first integer and

2(𝑥 + 1)2 = twice the square of the next consecutive integer

IV. Create an Equation

Equation: 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟐(𝒙 + 𝟏)𝟐 − 𝟗𝟖

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 V. Solve the Problem

𝒙𝟐 = 𝟐(𝒙 + 𝟏)𝟐 − 𝟗𝟖

𝟐(𝒙 + 𝟏)𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟗𝟖

𝟐(𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏) − 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟗𝟖

𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟗𝟖

𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟗𝟔 = 𝟎 Factor the polynomial to solve for x

(𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐)(𝒙 − 𝟖) = 𝟎
(𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐) = 𝟎 (𝒙 − 𝟖) = 𝟎 Equate the factors to zero
𝒙 = −𝟏𝟐 𝒙=𝟖 first positive integer
x+1=8+1=9 second positive integer
We are looking for two consecutive positive integers, so we reject −12.
Therefore, the two positive integers are 8 and 9.

VI. Verify your Answer

𝒙𝟐 = 𝟐(𝒙 + 𝟏)𝟐 − 𝟗𝟖
(𝟖)𝟐 = 𝟐(𝟗)𝟐 − 𝟗𝟖
𝟔𝟒 = 𝟐(𝟖𝟏) − 𝟗𝟖
𝟔𝟒 = 𝟏𝟔𝟐 − 𝟗𝟖
𝟔𝟒 = 𝟔𝟒
What have you noticed in the flow of solution in step IV?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Activity no. 7 Solving the word problems below.

1. Five less than the square of a number is 31. What is the number?
2. Four times the square of a number is 100. Find the number.
3. What is the number if nine times of its square is 81?
What have you learned from the lesson today? What have you realized in
solving algebraic word problems that involved factors of polynomials?

Let Us Practice

This activity will test how well you have understood the lesson about factoring. You
will match the products in column A with the corresponding factors in column B to
decode the secret message.

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 COLUMN A COLUMN B
8. x2 – y2 A. 5x(2x – 7)
9. x3 – 8
10. x2 – 10xy + 25y2 F. 3a2b(2a + 3b – 1)
11. 6x2 + x – 2 G. (x + y)(x – y)
12. 10x2 – 35x R. (3x + 5) (3x – 5)
13. 9x2 + 24x + 16
14. 9x2 – 24x + 16 U. (x – 5y)(x +5y)
15. 6a3b + 9a2b2 – 3a2b E. (x – 2)(x2 + 2x + 4)
16. x2 – 25y2 T. (x + 2)(x2 – 2x + 4)
17. mr + ms
S. (3x + 5)2
18. 9x2 + 30x + 25
19. 9x2 – 25 C.(x – 5y)2
20. x3 + 8 I.(x + 4)(x – 3)
21. 2x2 – x – 10
22. ac – ad O.(2x – 1)(3x + 2)
23. x2 + x – 12
24. 9x2 – 16 N.(x + 2)(2x – 5)
H. a(c – d)
M. m(r + s)

L.(3x + 4)(3x – 4)
P.(3x – 4)2
V.(3x + 4)2

Write the letter of your answers on top of each number that corresponds to each
expression above. Answers for numbers 9 and 11 are already done for you.

8 5 3 13 4 12 16 14 1 16 11 13 15 2

12 2 6 2 12 11 2 4 8

10 9 17 13 16 7 17 16 3 5 13 16 4 14

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 Let Us Practice More

Apply the steps in solving word problems below as well as the zero-product
property. Show all necessary solutions.

1. Find three consecutive integers. The square of the largest is equal to the
sum of the squares of the other two integers.

2. If the square of a number is added to 3 times the number, the sum is 108.
Find the number.

3. The square of a number decreased by 144 is zero. Find the number.

4. Find the three consecutive odd integers such that twice the product of the
first two is 7 more than the product of the last two.

5. The sum of the squares of two consecutive odd integers is 130. Find the
integers.

Let Us Remember

Always remember that in every type of polynomial, there’s a specific

factoring technique which is suitable for solving for its factors and always check
for the common factor before applying any other factoring method.
Also, if you faced with so many problems in life, always remember that God
doesn’t give you tests/trials without solutions. All you need to do is have strong
faith, enough courage and full determination to do the challenges in life that God
has given you. God bless you all!

Let Us Assess

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is a perfect square number?
A. 24 B. 125 C. 121 D. 8

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2. What are the factors of 13a + 26a2 – 39a3 ?
A. 13a (1 + 2a -3𝑎2 ) B.13a (1 + 2a + 3𝑎2 )
C. a (13 + 26a - 39𝑎2 ) D. 13a (1 - 2a -3𝑎2 )

3. Which of the following is equal to (2𝑥 − 1)2 ?

A. 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 B. 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1 C. 4𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 1 D. 4𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1

4. Which of the following is a perfect square trinomial?

A. 4𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 − 25 B. 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 9 C. 4𝑥 2 + 20𝑥𝑦 + 9𝑦 2 D. 9𝑎2 − 𝑎2 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑐 2

5. Which of the following are factors of 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥𝑦 + 9𝑦 2 ?

A. (x + 3𝑦)2 B. (x - 3𝑦)2 C. (2x + 3𝑦)2 D. (2x - 3𝑦)2

6. What is the complete factored form of 𝑥 2 + x - 42 ?

A. (x + 7) (x + 6) B. (x - 7) (x - 6) C. (x + 7) (x - 6) D. (x - 7) (x + 6)

7. What is the complete factored form of 𝑥 2 – 4x - 96?

A. (x + 8) (x - 12) B. (x - 8) (x + 12) C. (x - 8) (x - 12) D. (x + 8) (x + 12)

8. What is the factored form of 7x – 21?

A. 7(x + 3) B. 3(x + 7) C. 3(x – 7) D. 7(x – 3)

9. What are the factors of 25𝑘 2 – 1?

A. (5k + 1) (5k + 1) B. (5k – 1) (5k + 1) C. (5k – 1) (5k - 1) D. (k – 5) (k + 5)

10. What are the factors of 𝑚3 − 64 ?

A. (m – 4) (𝑚2 + 4𝑚 + 16) C. (m – 4) (𝑚2 − 4𝑚 + 16)
B. (m + 4) (𝑚2 − 4𝑚 + 16) D. (m + 4) (𝑚2 + 4𝑚 + 16)

11. What is the factored form of 2𝑎2 − 5𝑎 − 12 ?

A. (2a + 4) (a – 3) B. (2a - 3) (a – 4) C. (2a + 3) (a – 4) D. (2a + 3) (a + 4)

12. A rectangular garden has an area by 6𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 2 square meters. If the length

is represented by 3x + 2, find a binomial that represents the width?
A. 2x + 1 B. 2x - 1 C. 3x + 1 D. 3x – 1

13. What are the factors of 𝑥 2 + 24x + 144?

A. (𝑥 − 12)2 B. (𝑥 − 16)2 C. (𝑥 + 16)2 D. (𝑥 + 12)2

20
 14. The square of the number equals nine times that number. Find the number.
A. 0 or 9 B. 0 or 18 C. 1 or 9 D. 2 or 9

15. Suppose that four times the square of a number equals 20 times that number.
What is the number?
A. 0 or 20 B. 0 or 4 C. 0 or 5 D. 0 or 10

Let Us Enhance
Perform the activity.
In response to the school’s environmental advocacy, you are required to make
cylindrical containers for your trash. This is in support of the “I BRING MY TRASH
HOME!” project of your school. You will present your output to your teacher and it
will be graded according to the criteria below.

21
 Let Us Reflect

ZOOFLECTION

On the Monkey Character, write three things that you have learned about
the lesson.

On the Sheep Character, write two real-life situations where you can apply
the concept of factoring polynomials. On the Dog Character, write one question that
you want to ask about the topic.

______________________ ______________________ ______________________

______________________ ______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________ ______________________

22
 23
Let Us Assess Let’s Practice More
1. C 11. C 1. 3, 4 and 5
2. A 12. B
2. 20 and 25
3. D 13. D
4. B 14. A 3. 12 or -12
5. B 15. C
6. C 4. 5, 7 and 9
7. A
5. 7 and -9
8. D
9. B
10. A
Let Us Practice Activity No. 7 Activity No. 6
1. 6 or -6
11. G 7. P 1. (4x + 3) (2x – 1)
13. 7 2. 5 or -5
2. (x + 8) (x + 9)
12. E 8. F
14. 3. 3 or -3
N 3. (x - 8) (x + 4)
13. C 9. U
15. H 4. (a + 6) (a + 3)
14. O 10. M
5. (y - 7) (y - 5)
16. I
15. A 11. S
17. L
16. V 12. R
Activity No. 5 Activity No. 4 Activity No. 3
1. (n + 4) (n - 5) 1. (d + 6) 2 1. (3a-2b) (9a2 + 6ab + 4b2)
2. (x + 8) (x + 9) 2. (4t - 3)2 2. (4𝑚2 + 7n) (16𝑚4 −
3. (x - 8) (x + 4) 3. (x2y – 3z)2 28𝑚2 𝑛 + 49𝑛2 )
4. (a + 6) (a + 3) 4. (3n + 5d)2 3. (rs-3t) (r2s2 + 3rst + 9t2)
5. (y - 7) (y - 5) 5. (2x + y)2 4. (2h-5d2) (4h2+10d2h+
25d4)
5. (10y-1) (100𝑦 2 + 10𝑦 + 1)
Activity No. 2 Activity No. 1 Let Us Try
1. (p + 2r) (p - 2r) 1. 2(𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 9) 1. B
2. (11m2 - 4n) (11m2 + 4n) 2. 3a𝑏3 (𝑎2 𝑏 + 4 + 6𝑏2 ) 2. A
3. (5x - 3) (5x + 3) 3. C
3. 7x𝑦 2 ( 5 + 3𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑥 2 )
4. (ab + 13cd) (ab - 13cd) 4. B
4. 𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐( 𝑏 − 𝑎𝑏2 𝑐 + 𝑎3 𝑐 2 )
5. (8a + 1) (8a - 1) 5. D
5. 3( 𝑚2 + 4𝑚 − 5)
Answer Key
 References

Abuzo, Emmanuel P., Bryant, Merden L., Cabrella, Jem Boy B., et. Al., 2013.
Mathematics Grade 8 Learner’s Module. Philsports Complex, Meralco Avenue, Pasig
City, Philippines. Book Media Press, Inc. & Printwell, Inc., 53

Oronce, O., Mendoza, M., (2019), E-Math 8, Worktext in Mathematics. Quezon City:
Rex Book Store Inc., 509-532

“Factoring Polynomials,” 2021,

https://www.mcckc.edu/tutoring/docs/br/math/factoring/Factoring_Polynomials.
pdf

“Factoring Sum and Difference of Two Cubes,” ChiliMath, 2021,

https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/intermediate-algebra/factoring-sum-and-
difference-of-two-cubes/

“Factoring Perfect Square Trinomials,” Donna Roberts, 2021,

https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Algebra1/Factoring/FCPerfSqTri.html

“Translating Sentences into Equations and Solving,” Student Learning Assistance

Center-San Antonio College, 2021,

https://www.alamo.edu/contentassets/b39dc46a6490478aa89443e2eeec4829/pr
oblem-solving/math0301-translating-sentences-into-equations.pdf

“5 Steps to Word Problem Solving,” Avery Martin, April 24, 2017,

https://sciencing.com/5-steps-word-problem-solving-8781959.html

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region XI

F. Torres St., Davao City

Telefax:

Email Address: [email protected]