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Mussorie

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16 views6 pages

Mussorie

Uploaded by

gauraditya154
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Sequence stratigraphy & sedimentary study in regions of Mussoorie syncline,

Dun valley, Uttarakhand


Aditya Gaur
B.Sc. Geology (Hons), Sem-2, Department of Geology, Doon University, Dehradun-248001, Uttarakhand

Abstract-
The sedimentary rocks of Chandpur, Nagthat, Blaini, Infra-Krol and Krol formations were studied and sampled
in parts of Mussoorie syncline, dun valley, Uttarakhand. The rocks were formed in the late pre-cambrian age.
Sequence of deposition was examined and studied and variations were greatly observed. Transitions between
formations were also observed in various locations. Conglomerates and sandwiched layers of rocks were
commonly observed at the sites of investigation.

Introduction-
In Mussoorie Syncline of Doon valley, the Lesser Himalayan sediments are divided into two important groups,
one is Jaunsar Group and other one is Blaini-Krol-Tal Sequence. The Mesoproterozoic (ca 1200) Jaunsar
Group is the older one composed of low-grade metamorphic rocks, which is further subdivided into two
formations, namely Chandpur and Nagthat. The Blaini Sequence is the younger one represented by carbonate
siliciclastic mixed sediments of Ediacaran (Neoproterozoic) to Cambrian-Ordovician (Early Palaeozoic) age.

Figure-1: Stratigraphy of Krol belt succession


Figure-2: Geological section across Mohand and Lesser Himalaya

• Site 1- Rocks had fine grain size and layered deposition, which were recognized as sedimentary rocks,
primarily due to their layered depositional feature. Dark coloured shale rocks from Chandpur formations were
found. A protruding Dolomite rock was observed, which had a texture similar to elephant skin and was greyish
white in colour. Some dolomite samples were taken which had veins of calcium carbonate in the rock. A
purplish rock sample was found, which had its colour primarily due to the presence of iron. Massive chunks of
conglomerate rocks were also found with large grains.

a
b

e
c
d

a) Slate b) Quartzitic Dolomite sandwiched between slate c, d) Conglomerates


e) Quartzitic rock with veins of Calcium Carbonate
a b

c d
a) Weathered limestone formations b) local lithology c) Layered shale aligned with bedding plane d) exposed Dolomite

•Site 2- A series of observations were made along roadside. Contact point of two formations were observed.
Cracks and a fissure were found, which was a result of a contact intersecting with the local water table. A
sample of quarzitic dolomite sandwiched between two shales was found and collected. Chemically weathered
rocks were found where limestone had dissolved in water and dripped down on the sedimentary rocks. A triple
contact region was observed where the hard rock bedding layer was at bottom, sedimentary shales layer was
in the middle and bricky limestone layer was on the top. Three samples were collected from this area from
each layer. Limestone had dissolved in water and flowed downwards in the upper layer.
a b

c d
a) Contact- Bedding, Shale, Limestone (down to up) b) Limestone c) Limestone dissolves in water & flows down
d) rock samples from bedding layer

a
b

c
a) Soil sandwiched between two layers of sate b) Local water table intersection made a spring
c) cross section of local lithology d) a crack separating two rock masses and further intersecting the water table
• Site 3- Exposed conglomerate rock was observed and sampled. On the roadside, an area with
weathered limestone was observed which resembled round stalactites, formed when water
dissolved limestone and dripped downwards and got deposited in round conical shapes. Krol
formation was being observed.

a b

c d

a) Large conglomerate rock (right) in the limestone formation


b, c) Limestone gets dissolved in water and forms round stalactite formation upon deposition
d) Limestone with elemental impurities (Manganese)
• Site 4- A series of observations were done. Transition from Infra krol formation to Krol
formation was eminent throughout the site. Samples were collected from different regions and
multiple layers of rocks were observed.

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