SMART Robotic Car with Wi-Fi Connection

Introduction:
The SMART Robotic Car with Wi-Fi Connection is an advanced project combining
autonomous navigation, a sophisticated security framework, and wireless communication via
Wi-Fi. This project leverages microcontroller technology, sensors, and modern software to create
a robotic car capable of navigating autonomously while providing robust security against theft
and unauthorized access, and enabling control and monitoring through Wi-Fi connectivity.

Objectives:
 Autonomous Navigation: Develop a robotic car that can move and navigate
autonomously.
 Obstacle Detection and Avoidance: Implement sensors to detect and avoid obstacles.
 Smart Security: Integrate a security system to protect the car from theft and
unauthorized access.
 Wi-Fi Connectivity: Enable users to control and monitor the car remotely via Wi-Fi.

Hardware Components:
 Microcontroller: The brain of the system, responsible for processing inputs and
controlling outputs. Popular choices include Arduino and Raspberry Pi.
 Ultrasonic Sensors: For obstacle detection and avoidance.
  Infrared Sensors: For line tracking and short-range obstacle detection.
 Cameras: For real-time video surveillance and object recognition.
 Motor Drivers: To control the motors that drive the wheels.
 Motors: DC or stepper motors to move the car.
 Power Supply: Batteries or a rechargeable power source to power the entire system.
 Chassis: The body of the car, which houses all the components.
 Alarm System: To alert the owner in case of unauthorized access.
 RFID/NFC Reader: For user authentication.
 Communication Module: Wi-Fi module (e.g., ESP8266 or ESP32) for remote
communication.

Software Components:
 Microcontroller Firmware: Written in languages like C/C++ for Arduino or Python for
Raspberry Pi, this software handles sensor data processing, motor control, and
communication with other modules.
 Obstacle Detection Algorithm: Uses data from ultrasonic and infrared sensors to detect
and avoid obstacles.
 Navigation Algorithm: Integrates GPS data to navigate to predefined locations.
 Authentication System: Manages user authentication via RFID/NFC.
 Alarm Control: Activates alarms based on security breaches.
 Surveillance System: Processes and streams video from cameras.
 User Interface: A mobile app or web interface developed using frameworks like React
Native or Flask to control and monitor the car via Wi-Fi.
 Wi-Fi Communication Protocols: To establish and manage communication between the
car and the user interface.

Methodology:
 Design Phase: Define the system requirements and specifications. Select appropriate
hardware components and software tools.
  Development Phase: Assemble the hardware components on the chassis. Write and
upload the firmware to the microcontroller. Develop the user interface for remote control and
monitoring. Implement the obstacle detection and navigation algorithms. Integrate the
security system.
 Testing Phase: Conduct unit testing for individual components. Perform integration
testing to ensure all components work together seamlessly. Conduct field testing to validate
the car’s performance in real-world scenarios.
 Deployment Phase: Deploy the car for real-world use. Provide documentation and user
manuals for operation and maintenance.

Circuit Diagram:

Code:
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time

# Motor control pins

MOTOR_PINS = {
'left_forward': 17,
'left_backward': 18,
'right_forward': 22,
'right_backward': 23
}

# Ultrasonic sensor pins

TRIG = 24
ECHO = 25

# Set up GPIO mode

GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)

# Set up motor control pins

for pin in MOTOR_PINS.values():
GPIO.setup(pin, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.output(pin, GPIO.LOW)

# Set up ultrasonic sensor pins

GPIO.setup(TRIG, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(ECHO, GPIO.IN)

def move_forward():
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['left_forward'], GPIO.HIGH)
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['right_forward'], GPIO.HIGH)
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['left_backward'], GPIO.LOW)
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['right_backward'], GPIO.LOW)

def move_backward():
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['left_forward'], GPIO.LOW)
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['right_forward'], GPIO.LOW)
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['left_backward'], GPIO.HIGH)
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['right_backward'], GPIO.HIGH)

def move_left():
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['left_forward'], GPIO.LOW)
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['right_forward'], GPIO.HIGH)
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['left_backward'], GPIO.LOW)
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['right_backward'], GPIO.LOW)

def move_right():
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['left_forward'], GPIO.HIGH)
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['right_forward'], GPIO.LOW)
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['left_backward'], GPIO.LOW)
GPIO.output(MOTOR_PINS['right_backward'], GPIO.LOW)

def stop():
for pin in MOTOR_PINS.values():
GPIO.output(pin, GPIO.LOW)
def get_distance():
GPIO.output(TRIG, False)
time.sleep(0.1)
GPIO.output(TRIG, True)
time.sleep(0.00001)
GPIO.output(TRIG, False)

while GPIO.input(ECHO) == 0:
pulse_start = time.time()
while GPIO.input(ECHO) == 1:
pulse_end = time.time()

pulse_duration = pulse_end - pulse_start

distance = pulse_duration * 17150
distance = round(distance, 2)

return distance

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def index():
return render_template('index.html')

@app.route('/move', methods=['POST'])
def move():
command = request.form.get('command')
if command == 'forward':
move_forward()
elif command == 'backward':
move_backward()
elif command == 'left':
move_left()
elif command == 'right':
move_right()
elif command == 'stop':
stop()
return 'OK'

@app.route('/distance')
def distance():
dist = get_distance()
return str(dist)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)