Apsmo: Olympiad
Apsmo: Olympiad
Apsmo: Olympiad
APSMO OLYMPIAD
2016 : DIVISION S
WEDNESDAY 8 JUNE 2016 2
Total Time Allowed: 25 Minutes
Copyright © 2016 Australasian Problem Solving Mathematical Olympiads (APSMO) Inc and Mathematical Olympiads for Elementary and Middle Schools Inc. All rights reserved.
Registered School: St Andrew's College Christchurch (CHRISTCHURCH )
APSMO OLYMPIAD
2016 : DIVISION S
WEDNESDAY 8 JUNE 2016 2
2A.
Student Name:
2B. ←
Please fold
over on the
line and write
your answers
in the boxes
2C.
2D.
2E.
Copyright © 2016 Australasian Problem Solving Mathematical Olympiads (APSMO) Inc and Mathematical Olympiads for Elementary and Middle Schools Inc. All rights reserved.
Registered School: St Andrew's College Christchurch (CHRISTCHURCH )
APSMO OLYMPIAD
2016 : DIVISION S
WEDNESDAY 8 JUNE 2016 2
Solutions and Answers
(Items in parentheses are not required)
⎛ 3⎞ ⎛2 ⎞
(2 ÷ (3÷ 4)) − ((2 ÷ 3) ÷ 4) = ⎜⎝ 2 ÷ 4 ⎟⎠ − ⎜⎝ 3 ÷ 4 ⎟⎠
⎛2 4⎞ ⎛2 1⎞
= ⎜ × ⎟−⎜ × ⎟
⎝1 3⎠ ⎝3 4⎠
8 2
= −
3 12
30
=
12
1
=2
2
⎛1 1⎞ ⎛1 1⎞
Follow-Ups: If a Δ b is defined by ⎜ + ⎟ ÷ ⎜ − ⎟ , what is the value of each of the following expressions:
(1) 2 Δ 3? [5] (2) 3 Δ 2? [–5] ⎝a b⎠ ⎝a b⎠
2B. METHOD 1 Strategy: Determine the area of the smallest third square.
A side of the largest square is 3 cm so the distance from its centre to its side is 1.5 cm. This is the length of
a side of the smallest or overlapping square. Therefore the area of this square is
1.5 × 1.5 = 2.25 cm2. The square with side 2 cm has an area of 2 × 2 = 4 cm2. The area that is inside this
square but outside the largest square is 4 – 2.25 = 1.75 cm2.
METHOD 2 Strategy: Partition the L-shaped region into smaller, easy-to-calculate areas.
There are two possible partitions shown in the diagram although others are possible.
⎛ .5 ⎞
The sum of the two areas for the trapezoids is 2 ⎜ (1.5 + 2 ) ⎟ =1.75. The sum of the
⎝2 ⎠
areas of the two rectangles is 2(.5) + (1.5)(.5) = 1 + .75 = 1.75.
Follow-Ups: (1) If the 2 cm square is rotated 15° about the vertex centred on the 3 cm square, find the area of
the region outside the big square but inside the smaller square. [1.75 cm2]
(2) A 4m × 6m picture is framed with a border of uniform width. If the area of the frame is 56m2 find the width
of the border. [2 m]
Follow-Up: Find the least 2-digit non-perfect square integer, whose least prime factor is equal to the sum of the
least prime factor of 45 plus the least prime factor of 50. [35]
Copyright © 2016 Australasian Problem Solving Mathematical Olympiads (APSMO) Inc and Mathematical Olympiads for Elementary and Middle Schools Inc. All rights reserved.
Registered School: St Andrew's College Christchurch (CHRISTCHURCH )
APSMO OLYMPIAD
2016 : DIVISION S
WEDNESDAY 8 JUNE 2016 2
2D. Strategy: Continue the sequence and search for a pattern.
82 + 92 = 64 +81 = 145
12 + 42 + 52 = 1 + 16 + 25 = 42
42 + 22 = 16 + 4 = 20
22 + 02 = 4 + 0 = 4
2, 4, 16, 37, 58, 89, 145, 42, 20, 4, 16, 37, 58, 89, 145, 42, 20, 4, 16, 37, …
8 terms 8 terms
Once the number 4 appears, it reappears every 8th term. That is, the number 4 appears in the following
positions: 2nd, 10th, 18th, 26th, and so on. The 2018th term would also be a 4. Therefore the 2016th term would
be two terms before that, or 42.
Follow-Up: For a certain sequence of numbers, each number after the first is 8 more than ½ the previous
number. If the fourth term is 26, find the first number in the sequence. [96]
Follow-Ups: (1) An isosceles triangle has a perimeter of 20 cm. If all sides are integers, what is the number of
centimetres in the longest possible side? [9]
(2) If the triangle is not isosceles, what is the number of centimetres in the shortest possible side? [3]
Copyright © 2016 Australasian Problem Solving Mathematical Olympiads (APSMO) Inc and Mathematical Olympiads for Elementary and Middle Schools Inc. All rights reserved.