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Differentiation and Integration Rules

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Differentiation and Integration Rules

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Differentiation and Integration Rules

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Differentiation and Integration Rules

A derivative computes the instantaneous rate of change of a function at different values.


An indefinite integral computes the family of functions that are the antiderivative. A definite integral is used to
compute the area under the curve
These are some of the most frequently encountered rules for differentiation and integration.
For the following, let u and v be functions of x, let n be an integer, and let a, c, and C be constants.

Fundamental Rules
𝑑(𝑐)
=0 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥
𝑑(𝑐 ∗ 𝑢) 𝑑𝑢
=𝑐 ∫ 𝑐 ∗ 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑐 ∫ 𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑(𝑢 + 𝑣) 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
= + ∫ 𝑢 + 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑(𝑥 𝑛 ) 𝑥 𝑛+1
= 𝑛 ∗ 𝑥 𝑛−1 ∫ 𝑥 𝑛 𝑑𝑥 = +𝐶
𝑑𝑥 𝑛+1
𝑑(𝑢𝑣) 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
=𝑣 +𝑢 ∫ 𝑢 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
𝑑 (𝑣 ) 𝑣 −𝑢
= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑣2

Trigonometric Functions
𝑑(𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥)
= cos 𝑥 ∫ cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = sin 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥
𝑑(cos 𝑥)
= − sin 𝑥 ∫ sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − cos 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥
𝑑(tan 𝑥)
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = tan 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥
𝑑(cot 𝑥)
= −𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 𝑥 ∫ 𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = −cot 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥
𝑑(sec 𝑥)
= sec 𝑥 tan 𝑥 ∫ sec 𝑥 tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = sec 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥
𝑑(csc 𝑥)
= − csc 𝑥 cot 𝑥 ∫ csc 𝑥 cot 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − csc 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥

∫ tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛 |sec 𝑥| + 𝐶

∫ cot 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛|sin 𝑥| + 𝐶
BCCC ASC Rev. 6/2019
Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
𝑑(𝑒 𝑢 ) 𝑑𝑢
= 𝑒𝑢 ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑(ln 𝑢) 1 𝑑𝑢 1
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛|𝑥| + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑(𝑎𝑢 ) 𝑑𝑢 𝑎𝑥
= (𝑎𝑢 )(ln 𝑎) ∫ 𝑎 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = +𝐶
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ln 𝑎
𝑑(𝑢𝑣 ) 𝑣
= 𝑢𝑣 (𝑣 ′ ln 𝑢 + 𝑢′)
𝑑𝑥 𝑢

Inverse Trigonometric Functions


𝑑(𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥) 1 1 𝑥
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 +𝐶
𝑑𝑥 √1 − 𝑥 2 √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 𝑎
𝑑(𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥) −1 −1 𝑥
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = −𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥 √1 − 𝑥 2 √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 𝑎

𝑑(𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥) 1 1 1 −1
𝑥
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 +𝐶
𝑑𝑥 1 + 𝑥2 𝑎2 + 𝑥 2 𝑎 𝑎
𝑑(𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 𝑥) −1 −1 1 𝑥
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = − 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥 1 + 𝑥2 𝑎2 +𝑥 2 𝑎 𝑎
𝑑(𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑥) 1 1 1 𝑥
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 ⃒ ⃒ + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥 |𝑥|√𝑥 2 − 1 |𝑥|√𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 𝑎 𝑎

𝑑(𝑐𝑠𝑐 −1 𝑥) −1 −1 1 𝑥
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 ⃒ ⃒ + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥 |𝑥|√𝑥 2 − 1 |𝑥|√𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 𝑎 𝑎

Hyperbolic Trigonometric Functions


𝑑(sinh 𝑥)
= cosh 𝑥 ∫ cosh 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = sinh 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥
𝑑(cosh 𝑥)
= sinh 𝑥 ∫ sinh 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = cosh 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥
𝑑(tanh 𝑥)
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ2 𝑥 ∫ tanh 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = −𝑙𝑛|sech 𝑥| + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥

Inverse Hyperbolic Trigonometric Functions


𝑑(𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ−1 𝑥) 1 1
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ−1 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥 √1 + 𝑥 2 √1 + 𝑥 2
𝑑(𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ−1 𝑥) 1 1
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ−1 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥 √𝑥 2 − 1 √𝑥 2 −1
𝑑(𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ−1 𝑥) 1 1
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ−1 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥 1 − 𝑥2 1 − 𝑥2
BCCC ASC Rev. 6/2019

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