INDEX

TOPIC NO. TOPICS FROM UHS SYLLABUS PAGE NO.

Table of Specifications 1

1 Measurement 2

2 Motion and Force 9

3 Work, Energy and Power 22

4 Circular Motion 30

5 Oscillations 38

6 Waves 45

7 Light 53

8 Heat and Thermodynamics 60

9 Electrostatics 68

10 Current – Electricity 75

11 Electromagnetism 82

12 Electromagnetic Induction 91

13 Deformation of Solids 101

14 Electronics 106

15 Modern Physics 114

16 Nuclear Physics 121

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Δθ
i.e., ωav =
Δt
Where ωav means average angular velocity.
4. Circular Motion Its units are rev sec-1 and red sec-1.
Angular Acceleration ( α ): It is defined as rate
§ Learning Outcomes of change of angular velocity i.e.,
§ Definitions and Statements Δω
αav =
Δt
§ Fully Solved Textual Exercise where α av means average angular
§ Important MCQs acceleration.
Its units are rev sec-2 and red sec-2.
Some Useful Relations: (i) Linear
LEARNING OUTCOMES displacement S and angular displacement θ
are related as:
Students should be able to S=r θ
where r is radius of the circle.
In this topic the student should be able to: (ii) Tangential velocity (vT) of a body
a) Describe angular motion with the concept (performing angular motion) is related to its
of angular displacement, angular velocity angular velocity ω as
and use relation between angular and liner vT = r ω
velocity to solve problems. (iii) Tangential acceleration ( α T) of
b) Define centripetal force and use a body (performing angular motion) is related
mv2 to its angular acceleration as:
equations F = mrω , F =
2
and centripetal
r aT = r α
v2 Equations of Angular Motions:
acceleration equation a = rω 2 , and a =
r Linear Angular
c) Understand geostationary orbits. v f = vi + at ωf = ωi + at
2as = vf - vi
2 2
2αθ = ωf 2 - ωi2
1 1
Definitions and Statements s = v i t + at2 θ = ωit + αt2
2 2
Angular Motion: When a body moves m a Centripetal Force (Fc): The force required to
circular path, or it rotates about an axis, then move a body around a circular path is called
the motion is called angular motion. centripetal force.
Angular Displacement ( θ ): it is the angle mv2
subtended at the centre of the circle by a Fc =
r
body while moving along the circumference in Centripetal Acceleration (ac): It is the
certain time. instantaneous acceleration of an object
Radian: Radian is Unit of angular moving in a circle with uniform speed. The
displacement. cause of this acceleration is the centripetal
It is the angle subtended at the centre of the force and s thus directed along the radius
circle by an arc such that length of the arc is towards centre of the circle. That is why it is
equal to radius of the circle. called centripetal acceleration.
Angular Velocity ( ω ): Angular velocity is Moment of Inertia (I):
defined as rate of change of angular It is rotational analogue of mass in linear
displacement, motion.

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It depends upon mass and the distribution of Apparent weight of the object differs from its
mass from the axis of rotation. real (true) weight when the velocity of the
It is a scalar quantity. (iv) Its unit is kg-m2, elevator changes at the start and end of the
Angular Momentum (L ) : It is rotational ride, but not during the rest of the ride when
the velocity is constant.
analogue of linear momentum ( p ) and is
Artificial Gravity: It is an effect (quite) similar
defined as moment of linear momentum. to gravity) artificially produced in a spaceship
(i) L = r × p by spinning it about its own axis with
(ii) L = lω frequency given as:
Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum: 1 g
The total momentum of all the bodies in a f=
2π R
system remains constant in the absence of where R is radius of the spaceship.
external torque. By providing artificial gravity, the problems of
This law applies to many sports i.e., diving, the astronauts due to their weightlessness
ice-skating and many other phenomena. are overcome.
Kinetic Energy of Rotation: Kinetic energy of Geostationary Satellite: It is that satellite
rotation is related to rolling or spinning whose orbital motion is synchronized with the
bodies. For example, if a sphere rolls to the rotation of the Earth so that it looks
bottom of an inclined plane, its gravitational stationary over the same position on the
P.E. is changed to K.E. of rotation and K.E. of earth.
translation. Einstein’s View of Gravitation: He viewed
i.e., P.E = (K.E.) tran + (K.E) rot gravitation as a space-time curvature
1 1 especially near massive (e.g., Sun) bodies, He
mgh = mv2 + +lω
2 2 predicted bending of light when it passes near
Artificial Satellite: These are the objects that massive bodies and this fact was proved
orbit around the Earth due to its gravity. experimentally soon after.
Orbital Velocity: Orbital velocity is defined as Fully Solved Textual Exercise
the minimum tangential velocity to put a Each question has four options.
satellite in orbit around the Earth. Encircle the correct answer.
For orbits close to the Earth, we use the 1. Conventionally the angular velocity is directed at an
formula angle of:
(A) 90° to the axis of (B) 30° to the axis of
v = gR rotation rotation
where R is radius of Earth equal to 6.4 (C) 0° to the axis of (D) None of the above
6 rotation rotation
x 10 m.
2. If a toy car moves with a uniform speed of 2 m/sec
v = 9.8×6.4 ×106 = 7.9 kmsec-1 in a circle of 0.4 m radius. His angular velocity in
Orbital speed of a satellite orbiting at rev/sec is:
distance r from Earth centre can be calculated (A) 10π (B) 0.8
by: (C) 0.2 π (D) None
3. Thirty-six degrees is equal to:
GM π π
v= (A) (B)
r 5 8
Real and Apparent Weight: In an inertial π π
frame of reference, the real weight of an (C) (D)
12 6
object is equal to the force of gravity 4. The relation between τ , I and α is as follows:
experienced by the object. 2
i.e., Real weight = mg
(A) τ =l α (B) α = τl
(C) l = ατ (D) τ = lα

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5. If a gymnast sitting on a rotating stool with his arms 5. Conventionally the angular velocity is directed at an
outstretched, brings his arms towards the chest, then angle of:
o o
its angular velocity will: (A) 90 to the axis (B) 30 to the axis of
of rotation rotation
o
(A) Increase (B) Decrease (C) 0 to the axis of (D) None of the above
(C) Remain constant (D) None of these rotation (D) None of the above
6. The net force acting on a 100 kg man standing in an 6. The angular velocity ω is given by:
elevator accelerating downward with a = 9.8 m sec2 ω Δt
comes out to be: (A) Δt = (B) Δθ =
(A) 980 N (B) 580 N Δθ ω
(C) 1380 N (D) Zero Δθ ω
7. A ball tied at one end of the string is swung in a
(C) Δt = (D) Δθ =
ω Δt
vertical circle of radius r under action of gravity. The 7. The relation between revolution and radian Is given
net force towards centre at the top most point is: by:
(A) T W (B) T+W (A) 1 rev = 2 π (B) 1 red = 2 π
(C) WT (D) None of these radians revolutions
8. The number of “Earth stations” which transmit (C) 1 rev = π (D) 1 red = π
signals to satellites and receive signals from them are: Radians revolutions
(A) 3 (B) 24 8. An axis of rotation:
(C) 126 (D) 200 (A) is a straight line (B) Is normal to the
9. INTELSAT operates at frequencies 4,6,11,14 having plane of rotation
unit of: (C) Passes through
(A) KHz (B) MHz Pivot point O (D) All of them
(C) GHz (D) BHz 9. Direction of motion ________ in circular motion.
10. Einstein’s theory about gravity is better than (A) Changes off and (B) Changes
Newton’s because it gave explanation of: on continuously
(A) Inverse square (B) Bending of light (C) Does not change (D) None of them
Law 10. 1 rev/min is equal to:
(C) Both A and B (D) None of these
π π
ANSWERS (A)
6
rad / sec (B)
15
rad / sec
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. B π π
6. D 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. C (C) rad / sec (D) rad / sec
20 30
11. The time period is related with angular velocity as:
Important MCQs (A) T=
π
(B) T=
ω
2ω 2π
ANGULAR MOTION 2π 2ω
(C) T= (D)
ω π
1. Angular displacement is a vector quantity for: 12. Centripetal acceleration is also called
(A) Very small values (B) Very large values ___________ acceleration.
of Δθ of Δθ (A) Tangential (B) Radial
(C) All values of Δθ (D) None of these (C) Angular (D) None of them
2. π radians is equal to: 13. One radian is:
o o
(A) 360 (B) 180 (A) Greater than one (B) Less than one
o o
(C) 90 (D) 45 degree degree
3. Angular displacement Δθ is assigned a (C) Equal to one (D) None of these
_________sign when the sense of rotation of the degree
body is counter clockwise: 14. When angular acceleration is positive, the body
(A) Positive (B) Negative rotates:
(C) Any one of them (D) None of them (A) Slower (B) Slowest
4. A point on the rim of a wheel moves 0.2 m when (C) Faster (D) None of these
the wheel turns through an angle of 14.3 degrees. The 15. One radian is equal to:
o o
radius of the wheel is: (A) 30.3 (B) 45.3
o o
(A) 0.05 m (B) 0.08 cm (C) 50.3 (D) 57.3
(C) 0.8 m (D) 0.008 m

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16. When a body moves along a circular path with (C) 6250 N (D) None of these
constant speed, it has an acceleration, which is always 26. If a toy car moves with a uniform speed of 2 m/sec
directed: in a circle of 0.4 m radius. His angular velocity in
(A) Along the (B) Towards the rev/sec is:
tangent centre (A) 10 π (B) 0.8
(C) Away from the (D) None of them (C) 0.2 π (D) None
centre 27. A car is turning around a corner at 10 m/sec as it
17. A rotating body tends to be slower, when its travels along an arc of a circle. If value of centripetal
angular acceleration is: acceleration is 10 m/sec2 in this case, find radius of
Negative the circular path:
(A) Positive (B) Negative (A) 1m (B) 5m
(C) Zero (D) Infinity (C) 10 m (D) 15 m
18. Centripetal force performs: 28. A flywheel accelerates from rest to an angular
(A) Maximum work (B) Negative work velocity of 7 rad/sec in 7 seconds. Its average
(C) Positive work (D) None of these acceleration will be:
2 2
19. A stone tied to the end of a 20 cm long string is (A) 49 rad/sec (B) 1 rad/sec
2
whirled in a horizontal circle. If centripetal (C) 0.16 rev/sec (D) Both A and C
2
acceleration is 9.8 mlsec , then its angular velocity in (E) Both B and C
rad/sec is: 29. The whole circumference subtends at the centre
22 of the circle an angle of:
(A) (B) 7
7 (A) 2 π radians (B) π radians
(C) 14 (D) 21 π
20. Which one is the correct formula: (C) radian (D) None of these
2 6
ω
(A) ac = v 2ω (B) ac = 30. A body moving along the circumference of a circle
r of radius R completes one revolution. The radius of
(C) ac = vω 2 (D) ac = ω 2r the covered path to the angle subtended at the centre
is:
21. An electric fan rotating at 3 rev/sec is switched off
(A) Radius of the (B) Twice the radius
an comes to rest in 6 seconds. Tick the correct
circle
answer:
(C) thrice the radius (D) None of these
vi = 0, v f = 0, α = vi ≠ 0, v f = 0, α = 31. A wheel, 2 m in diameter, makes 15 rev/mm, the
(A) (B)
2 2 linear speed of point on its rim (in m/sec) is:
-0.5m / sec - 0.5 m / sec
(A) 2π (B) π
ωi = 0, ωf = 0, α ωi = 0, ωf = 0, α π
(C) (D) (C) (D) 10 π
2 2
= - 0.5 m / sec = - 0.5 m / sec 2
22. A toy car moves around a circular track of radius 32. Radian is defined as the angle subtended at the
0.3 m at the rate of 120 rev/min. The speed v of the centre of a circle by an arc of:
car is: (A) Length equal to (B) Length equal to
(A) 38 m/sec (B) 3.8 m/sec its diameter its radius
(C) 0.6 m/sec (D) None of these (C) Any length (D) None of these
23. The rear wheels of an automobile are rotating 33. The circumference of a circle is equal to:
with an angular velocity of 14 rev/sec which is (A) 2πr (B) π r
reduced to 38 rad/sec in 5 seconds when brakes are (C) πr 2
(D) None of these
applied. Its angular acceleration is: 34. The useful unit of angular displacement in SI unit
2 2
(A) 5 rad/sec (B) -10 rev/sec is:
2 2
(C) -10 rad/sec (D) -5 rev/sec (A) Degree (B) Revolution
24. A rotating wheel accelerates up to the value of (C) Radian (D) Metre
2
0.75 rev/sec after 2 seconds of its start. Its angular 35. Circular motion is an example of motion in:
velocity becomes: (A) One dimension (B) Two dimension
(A) 9.42 rad/sec (B) 2.6 rev/sec (C) Three dimensions (D) None of these
(C) 1.5 rev/sec (D) Both A and C 36. Angular speed for the daily rotation of Earth in
25. A 1000 kg car travelling with a speed of 90 km/hr radian per hour is:
turns around a curve of radius 0.1 km. The necessary (A) π (B) 4π
centripetal force comes out to be:
7
(A) 8.1 x 10 N (B) 625 N

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π 48. In case of planets, the necessary acceleration is

(C) (D) None of these provided by:
12 (A) Gravitational (B) Coulomb force
-1
37. A wheel of diameter 100 cm makes 0.5 rev sec . force
The linear speed of a particle on its rim is: (C) Frictional force (D) None of these
(A) π (M sec-1) (B)
-1
0.5 π (m sec ) 49. When a body moves along a circular path, its
-1
(C) 50 π (m-sec ) (D) None of these velocity:
(A) Becomes zero (B) Remains same
38. One of the following equations is not related with (C) Changes (D) Remains same
angular motion: continuously
(A) θ = ωt (B) v = rω 50. The direction of linear velocity of a body moving
(C) s = vt (D) Both B and C in a circle is:
39. In rotational motion, analogue of force F is called: (A) Along the axis of (B) Along the tangent
(A) Couple (B) Torque rotation
(C) Mass (D) Moment of inertia (C) Along the radius (D) None of these
40. Thirty-six degrees is equal to: 51. When a body moves in a circle, the angle between
π π its linear velocity ‘v’ and angular velocity ‘ ω ’is
(A) (B) always:
5 5 (A) 0
o
(B) 45
o
o o
π π (C) 90 (D) 180
(C) (D)
12 6 52. The acceleration of body undergoing uniform
circular motion is constant in:
41. Angular velocity is a:
(A) Magnitude only (B) Direction only
(A) Scalar quantity (B) Vector quantity
(C) Both A and B (D) None of these
(C) Complex quantity(D) None of these
53. When a body is whirled in a horizontal circle by
42. The angular speed of a particle moving along a
-1 means of a string, the centripetal force is supplied by:
circular path is 5 π red sec , its period of motion is:
(A) Mass of the body (B) Velocity of the
(A) 2.5 sec (B) 0.06 sec
body
(C) 15.7 sec (D) 0.4 sec
(C) Tension in the (D) None of these
43. When an object moves with a uniform angular
string
velocity, then its instantaneous angular velocity is
54. The mud flies off the tyre of a moving bicycle in
equal to:
the direction:
(A) Zero (B) Its average velocity
(A) Towards (B) Along the tangent
(C) Its angular (D) None of these
centre
displacement
(C) Opposite to its (D) None of these
44. The angular speed for daily rotation of Earth
motion
around its own axis is:
-5 -1 55. In racing car moving around a circular track, the
(A) π (B) 7.3 x 10 red sec
centripetal force is provided by:
-1
(C) 5.3 x 10-5 rev (D) 7.3 rad sec
-1 (A) Banking of roads (B) Along the tangent
sec
(C) Opposite to its (D) None of these
45. When a body moves with a constant speed in a
motion
circle:
56. When a body is whirled in a vertical circle at the
(A) No work is done (B) No acceleration is
end of a string, tension is maximum:
on it produced in the
(A) At the top (B) At the bottom
body
(C) At the centre (D) None of these
(C) Velocity remains (D) None of these
57. When a body is with constant angular speed ω ,its
constant
centripetal force is :
46. The instantaneous acceleration of a body moving
2 2
with constant speed in a circle: (A) mr ω (B) mr ω
2
(A) Remains constant (B) Is called centripetal (C) m rω (D) None of these
acceleration 58. An satellite orbiting around the Earth receives
(C) Tangential (D) None of these centripetal force from:
acceleration (A) The gravitational (B) The gravitational
47. A body can have constant velocity when it follows: pull of the Moon pull of the Sun
(A) A circular path (B) A rectilinear path (C) Both A and B (D) None of these
(C) Trajectory of a (D) None of these
projectile

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59. The outward force acting on a mass of 10 Kg tied (C) Equal to (D) None of these
to one end of an inelastic string 10 cm long and 69. Moment of inertia depends upon:
-1
rotated at a speed of 1 m sec is: (A) Mass (B) Selection of axis
(A) 25 N (B) 2N of rotation
(C) 10 N (D) 1N (C) Both of them (D) None of these
60. Magnitude of centripetal force is directly 70. The relation between τ , I and α is as follows:
proportional to: 2
(A) τ =l α (B) α = τl
(A) Square of angular (B) Mass of the
(C) l = ατ (D) τ = lα
velocity of the revolving body
71. Which of the following pairs does not have
revolving body
identical dimensions?
(C) Both A and B (D) None of these
61. The centripetal force needed to keep die Earth in
(A) Torque and (B) Energy and work
orbit is provided by:
energy
(A) Inertia (B) Gravitational pull
(C) Momentum and (D) Mass and moment
of the Moon
impulse of inertia
(C) Gravitational pull (D) Its rotation about
72. For rotational motion, F = ma is written as:
of the Sun its own axis
(A) τ = mr α (B) τ = lα
(C) τ = lω (D) τ = mα
MOMENT OF INERTIA 73. The centre of mass of a sphere lies at:
(A) The axis of the (B) Circumference of
62. The point where the total mass of an irregular- sphere sphere
shaped body is assumed to act is called: (C) Centre of the (D) None of them
(A) Centre of Earth (B) Centre of mass sphere
(C) Optical centre (D) None of these 74. Moment of inertia of a thin rod will be given by
63. ______ plays the same role during angular motion formula:
as played by the mass in linear motion. 2 1 2
2
(A) Torque (B) Angualr (A) mr (B) mL
(C) Moment of a (D) Moment of inertia 5 12
force 1 2
64. Moment of inertia is a ______ quantity having
(C) mr (D) None of these
2
unit of _________. 75. Formula for calculating moment of inertia of the
2 2
(A) Scalar, kg-m (B) Vector, kg-m bodies of one pair is same. Tick the answer:
(C) Moment of a (D) Moment of inertia (A) Disc, sphere (B) Sphere, hoop
force (C) Thin rod, hoop (D) Hoop, disc
65. A disc rolls down a hill and its speed at the bottom 76. Moment of inertia of a sphere will be given by the
is found to be 11.4 m/sec. Height of the hill is then formula:
nearly:
(A) 10 m (B) 12 m
2 2 1 2
(A) mr (B) mL
(C) 13 m (D) 15 m 5 12
66. The moment of inertia of a 100 kg sphere of 50 cm 1 2
diameter is: (C) mr (D) None of these
(A) 6.25 kg-m
2
(B) 32.5 kg-m
2 2
(C) 10 kg-m
2
(D) None of these 77. The formula for KE of rotation is:
67. The formula for finding velocity of a hoop and a 12 1 2
(A) I ω (B) Iω
disc of same mass and radius coming down an 2 2
inclined plane are respectively given by: 2 2
(C) Iω (D) I ω
4 4
(A) gh, gh (B) gh, gh ANGULAR MOMENTUM
3 3 78. Moment of linear momentum is called:
4 (A) Moment arm (B) Moment of inertia
(C) gh gh, (D) None of these (C) Inertia (D) Angular
3 momentum
68. Final velocity of a hoop is ______ the final velocity
79. Which of the following represent unit of L ?
of a disc having same mass and radius on coming 2 -1 2
(A) Kg-m /sec (B) Kg-m sec
down an incline plane.
(C) Kg-m/sec (D) Kg-m/sec
(A) Greater than (B) Smaller than
80. Dimension of L are:

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2 -1 -2
(A) ML T (B) MLT not
-1 -1 2 o
(C) ML T (D) ML T 90. If a gymnast sitting on a rotating stool with his
81. If p is linear momentum of a body revolving in a arms outstretched, brings his arms towards the chest,
its angular velocity will:
circle of radius r , its angular momentum is given by:
(A) Increase (B) Decrease
(A) L = r ×p (B) L = r ×p (C) Remain constant (D) None of these
1 1 91. Earth revolves counter clockwise around the Sun
(C) L = r ×p (D) L = p ×r as seen from the direction of:
2 3 (A) North star (B) Moon
82. Direction of angular momentum is determined by:
(C) Jupiter (D) None of these
(A) Right hand rule (B) Head to tail rule
92. To enable a diver to take extra somersaults, he
(C) Left and rule (D) None of them
should spin_______when moment of inertia of his
83. When a body is rotating in a circle, direction of
body becomes_________.
following quantities are along the axis of rotation:
(A) Slower, smaller (B) Slower, greater,
(A) Torque. angular (B) Angular
(C) Faster, smaller (D) Faster, greater
velocity, linear momentum,
93. As the wheel rolls, it has:
acceleration angular
(A) Rotational K.E (B) Translational K.E.
acceleration,
(C) Both A and B (D) None of the above
linear acceleration
94. Low f conservation of angular momentum is not
(C) Torque, angular (D) Linear velocity,
important in:
velocity, angular force, angular
(A) Diving (B) Gymnastics
momentum momentum
(C) Ice-skating (D) None of these
84. The unit of L in SI System is: 2 -1
95. J-second and kg-m sec refer to the following
(A) J/sec (B) J-sec quantity/quantities:
(C) N-sec (D) N/sec (A) Angular (B) Only angular
85. Angular momentum and moment of inertia are momentum, momentum
related to each other as: moment of inertia
(A) l = L ×ω (B) l = ω ×L (C) Angular (D) Work, power
(C) L = lω (D) ω = lL momentum,
86. The rate of change of angular momentum is equal power
to: 96. If plane of rotation is YZ plane, then axis of rotation
(A) The applied force (B) The moment of will be along:
Inertia (A) X-axis (B) Y-axis
(C) The applied (D) Linear momentum (C) Z-axis (D) None of these
torque ANSWERS
87. A particle of mass m is moving along a circle or
radius r with constant speed v, Magnitude of its L 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C
about the centre of the circle is given by L = m v r 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. D
_________. 9. B 10. D 11. C 12. B
(A) Sin 180
o
(B) Sin 120
o 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. C
(C) Sin 90
o
(D) Sin 0
o 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. D
88. A particle of mass 200 gms is moving along a circle 21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D
of radius 500 cm with a speed of 30 m/sec. Its angular 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. E
momentum about the centre of circle in SI unit is 29. A 30. A 31. C 32. B
given by: 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. C
4 3
(A) 3 × 10 (B) 3 × 10 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. A
2 1
(C) 3 × 10 (D) 3 × 10 41. B 42. D 43. B 44. B
89. The total angular momentum of a system of 45. A 46. B 47. B 48. A
particles: 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A
(A) Changes when a (B) Changes when a 53. C 54. B 55. D 56. B
net external net external force 57. A 58. D 59. D 60. C
torque acts upon acts upon it 61. C 62. B 63. D 64. A
it 65. A 66. B 67. C 68. B
(C) Remains constant (D) None of these 69. C 70. D 71. D 72. B
whether net 73. C 74. B 75. D 76. A
torque applies or
77. B 78. D 79. A 80. A

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81. B 82. A 83. C 84. B

85. C 86. C 87. C 88. D
89. A 90. B 91. A 92. C
93. C 94. D 95. B 96. A

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