Understanding: QTR - SPSS

Nature of Results/
Sr no Topic Why/When SPSS - Steps Understanding with results
the Data Interpretation

From the data provided, X value is

Frequency
the most frequently occurs
Max-Min, No. Information from data
Information & comparison from
Mean
data.
To Check Normality/Quality of Analyze - Discripitive Std Deviation Information from data
Nominal,
1 Descriptive analysis – Frequency Data and to examine Statistics - Mean>Median = Positive Skewed
Oridinal
demographics, frequency etc Discriptive/Frequencies Skewness and if Mean<Median = Negtivly
skewed
If equals to 0 then it would be
Meso Kurtosis, if above O = Lepto
Kurtosis
Kurtosis, if less then 0 = Platy
Kurtosis.
Pearson Correlation: Range (-1 to
+1), however if it is less than
The data provided is perfect/ Pearson Correlation.
(+-)0.5 then may be said there is
scale data, therefore we use Analyze - Correlate - weak relationship.
2 Correlation Perfect
this method. When we find Bivariate
relationship between variables. Significance level: Range (0.000
Significance level
to 0.050)
N Number of observations

Pearson Chi-Square.

Steps attached
Analyze - Discriptive
Statistics - Crosstabs (Rows - DoF
The data provided is Nominal/
Independent Variable) &
Nominal, im-proper data, therefore we
3 Chi-Square (Column - Dependent
Oridinal use this method.When we find
Variable). Statistics (Chi-Sqi-
relationship between variables.
Square) & Cell (expected
value)
Significance level: Range (0.000
Significance level
to 0.050)
 Analyze - Compare Means -
One Sample (t-test analysis)
One Sample t-test t-value & Significance
level
The data provided is perfect/
Analyze - Compare Means - t-value: greater than 2 then the
Independent Sample ( t-test analysis scale data, therefore we use
Independent Sample t-test result would be significant (Steps
4 Perfect this method. When we are
attached also), Significance level:
asked to compare groups, Take absolute value Range (0.000 to 0.050)
except one sample t-test. of t, and compare
Analyze - Compare Means - means - as means
Paired Sample ( t-test analysis
Paired Sample t-test shows the change
(between after &
before).

Model Summary & ANOVA

The data provided is perfect/ represents fitness of Model if (F >
Model Summary table
scale data, therefore we use 4 or the greater the better) & sign
Analyze - Regression - (R-Square), ANOVA
5 Regression Perfect this method. When we are < 0.05, however Coeffient table
Linear table (F & Sign) -
asked to findout casual shows the causal relation between
Coeffient (B, t & Sign)
relatioship between variables. IV & DV where t> 2 and sign <
0.05.

The data provided is perfect/

scale data, therefore we use
this method. When we are Table 1 = Mean,
Analyze - Compare Means -
6 ANOVA Perfect asked to findout relationship Table 2 = ANOVA - F F statistics & significance < 0.05
One Way ANOVA
between more then two or if & Sig
two variables having 3
catagories.
 Chi-Square
Ho: There is no relationship between IV & DV.
LOS: 0.05
Method:
Chi Square
Why/ When: Data provided is nominal in nature/ When we need to findout relatio
Interpretation
a. Table 2 shows observed (upper) and expected values(lower)
b. Table 3 shows value of Chi Square
c. Dof
d. Level of significance = 0.000
Common Interpretation:

Avery high statically significant value of Chi Square mean that there is
very strong relation between correct judgment and correct response
(totally based on level of significance as its range is b/w 0.000 to .050).

t-Test Sample

H0: There is no difference b/w preference of private sector mines and public sector mines.
H1: There is difference b/wpreference of private sector mines and public sector mines.
As the significant level is 0.000 therefore, we reject NUL Hypothesis and accept H1.
we need to findout relationship b/w variables

ublic sector mines.

c sector mines.
accept H1.
Sr_N QS Pr Adver
1 8500 2 2800
2 4700 5 200
3 5800 3 400
4 7400 2 500
5 6200 5 3200
6 7300 3 1800
7 7600 4 900