SERVICES ON THE INTERNET

Internet- often called the Information Superhighway. It has become a

major source information.
A platform for information-based services:
*electronic mail or e-mail
*Telnet
*FTP
*E-mail Discussion Groups
*Internet Relay Chat (IRC) or chat & Instant Messaging
* Usenet News, Online Games
* Social Networking & Blogging
* World Wide Web (WWW).
World Wide Web- is a system of Internet servers that supports
hypertext to access several Internet protocols on a single interface.
World Wide Web is the fastest-growing component of the Internet. The
World Wide Web consists of files called Web pages or Home pages,
containing links to documents and resources throughout the Internet.
Electronic Email- allows computer user locally and worldwide to
exchange messages using the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). A
main function of e-mail is to send electronic files to a person's e-mail
messages address.
Telnet- is a program that uses Telnet Protocol to allow user to log onto
computers linked to the Internet. A Telnet program must be installed
on your local computer and configured to your Web browser in order to
work.
File Transfer Protocol- used to transfer files between computers. FTP
sites may contain books, articles, software, games, images, sounds,
multimedia, course work, data sets and more.
Email Discussion Group- discussion groups provide an opportunity to
exchange ideas worldwide via e-mail.
Listserv- is the most common discussion group. You subscribe to a
listserv by sending an e-mail message to a computer program called
listserv.
Majordomo and Listproc- are two other programs that administer e-
mail discussion groups.
Chat and Instant Messaging- chat programs allow users on the Internet
to communicate with each other by typing in real time.
Internet Relay Chat (IRC)- is a service through which participants can
communicate to each other on hundreds of channel.
Usenet News- is a global electronic bulletin board system that uses
Network News Transfer Protocol (NTTP) to allow millions of computer
users to exchange information on a vast range of topics.
Online Games- Flash and Java technology revolutionized the interface
and rules of playing online games as Web sites became empowered.
Social Networking- is an online way to communicate and connect with
friends, family members, and other online users.
Blogging- is one of the most popular Internet services. It is the act of
creating and posting reflection logs, diaries, writings, photos, videos
and other entries online called blogs or Web blogs.
HOW INTERNET WORKS
What is internet?- a global computer network providing a variety of
information and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected
networks using standardized communication protocols
Who discovered internet?- The Internet was not invented by a single
person, but rather by a group of people who developed the necessary
protocols and rules that make up the Internet as we know it today.

Computer scientists Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn are credited with
inventing the Internet communication protocols we use today and the
system referred to as the Internet.

How internet works?- Computers connect to each other and to the

Internet via wires, cables, radio waves, and other types of networking
infrastructure. All data sent over the Internet is translated into pulses of
light or electricity, also called "bits," and then interpreted by the
receiving computer.
THE ORIGIN OF COMPUTER 1950s-60s
The Internet has its origins in the Cold War. In 1957, the Soviet Union
launched the first satellite, Sputnik. In response, the United States
created the Advanced Research Projects Agency, or ARPA.

The ARPANET was one of the first internet networks. Initially developed
by the U.S.

Another major milestone during the 60’s was the inception of Unix: the
operating system whose design heavily influenced that of Linux and
FreeBSD

In 1962, a scientist from M.I.T. and ARPA named J.C.R. Licklider

proposed a solution to this problem: a “galactic network” of computers
that could talk to one another.

In 1965, another M.I.T. scientist developed a way of sending

information from one computer to another that he called “packet
switching.”

In 1969, the first version of the internet was created and set up as a
network (called ARPANET) between four "nodes": Santa Barbara, and
the University of Utah (Mack).
A student programmer named Charley Kline sent the first message over
ARPANET on October 29, 1969.

SEVEN MAJOR STEPS OF METHODOLOGY

Web Project- A web project is a specific initiative or endeavor
undertaken to plan, design, develop, and deploy a website or web-
based application.
What information do you want to share over the internet?
 Your School Web site
 Your Batch Web site
 Your Personal Web site
 Your Favorite Subject Web site
 Your Student Organization Web site\

1.) DEVELOPING SITE CONTENTS

2.) DETERMINING THE AUDIENCE
3.) DESIGNING THE SITE AND NAVIGATION
4.) DEVELOPING WEB-MEDIA ELEMENTS
5.) TYPES OF MEDIA

Text- textual information is often contained in HTML file. Hypertext

Markup Language (HTML) interprets the codes for the position, size,
color, and other attributes for displaying text.
Graphics – hand-drawn illustrations such as cartoons and logos or real
images such as pictures, are the graphical elements of a Web page.
Sound- background sound helps set the mood of the page or even the
site.
Videos and Animation- moving pictures are perhaps the most
impressive media that can be shown in your site

There are numerous video file formats such as AVI (Audio Video
Interface) and Quick Time. There are also different animation formats
such as SWF (Shock Wave Flash) for flash animations.

6.) CONSTRUCTING A WEB SITE AND WEB PAGES- After you have
created and collected the content and media needed to present the
information, you can now begin actually developing your site.
7.) FOUR WAYS TO DEVELOP YOUR WEB SITE:
 HTML tag
 CSS codes
 JavaScript codes
 HTML editor

THE BIRTH OF INTERNET 1970s-80s

The U.S. Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was
the first public packed-switched computer network It was first used in
1969 and finally decommissioned in 1989.

IN THE EARLY 1970S, THE FIRST FOUR-NODES OF THE ARPANET

BECAME FULLY FUNCTIONAL THINGS WERE A BIT MORE COMPLICATED.
The ARPANET grows by ten more nodes in the first 10 months of 1972.
The year is spent finishing, testing and releasing all the network
protocols, and developing network demonstrations for the ICCC.

In 1974 two American computer scientists, Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf,
proposed a new method that involved sending data packets in a digital
envelope or 'datagram'.

In 1976, Robert Metcalfe created Ethernet, a cool tech trick that made
data zip through cables super fast. Then, they launched SATNET, using
satellites.

Jimmy Carter rocked the 1976 election with tons of daily emails,
earning him the title "computer-driven candidate."

In 1979, Kevin MacKenzie, an email enthusiast, got annoyed with the

lack of emotion in emails. He suggested a new punctuation, like -),
though it wasn't as fancy as today's emoticons.

ARPANET switches to TCP/IP (1983-1985) Until 1983, ARPANET

computers had been using NCP (Network Control Protocol) to
communicate with each other.

In 1985, DNS (Domain Name System) was introduced to simplify

accessing computers on the internet.
AOL (formerly known as America Online) was launched in 1985 and
rebranded as AOL in 1991. It was an online service provider that
opened the door to consumer internet.

JARKKO OIKARINEN, A COOL FINNISH COMPUTER SCIENTIST,

INVENTED IRC SO THE PEOPLE CAN HAVE REAL-TIME DISCUSSIONS,
PRIVATE CHATS, AND EVEN SHARE FILES OVER THE WEB.

1989, Tim Berners-Lee, working at CERN (the European Organization

for Nuclear Research), proposed creating a networked hypertext
system to navigate and link documents stored on different CERN’s
computers.

THE FUTURE OF THE INTERNET

MOBILE UPGRADED FROM 3G TO 4G NETWORKS - 3G networks
introduced a new age of calling, texting, and internet connectivity for
mobile devices.
SOCIAL MEDIA BROUGHT OUR LIVES ONLINE- - In the age of desktop
computers, social media was a log of what happened in the past – a
collection of experiences uploaded after the fact. As social media shift
to the smartphone, however, it became an instantaneous broadcast of
life experiences.
AI AND BIG DATA TOOK OFF- - Payments, social media views, online
searches, and app usage all leave an extensive digital trail, creating
gigabytes of data for each user.
DATA STORAGE MOVED TO THE CLOUD- Historically, enterprises and
consumers stored data and software locally on desktop hard-disks or
distributed to on-site servers. But as datasets grew more complex and
faster network connections facilitated the rapid transfer of data over
the internet, off-premises storage and web-based software programs
became more desirable.
5G BECOMES THE NEW WIRELESS STANDARD- 5G’s means more than
just a faster internet. It proliferates the mass-adoption of connected
devices in homes, cities and enterprises, including those involved in
agriculture, health care, manufacturing, and infrastructure.
ROBOTICS ENTERS NEW INDUSTRIES- Improvements in artificial
intelligence and dexterity are the result of advanced 3D vision
capabilities and end-of-arm tooling for precise movements.