Chapter-wise Assertion-Reason Questions,

Case Study Based Questions

& Model Test Papers (1-5) [Standard]
Q1)Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting
the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true

1)Assertion (A) : The H.C.F. of two numbers is 16 and their product is 3072. Then their
L.C.M. = 162.
Reason (R) : If a and b are two positive integers, then their H.C.F. × L.C.M. = a × b.

2. Assertion (A) : 2 is a rational number

Reason (R) : The square root of all positive integers are irrationals.

3. Assertion (A) : If LCM (p, q) = 30 and HCF (p, q) = 5, then p × q = 150.

Reason (R) : LCM of (a, b) × HCF of (a, b) = a × b

4. Assertion (A) : 5 is an irrational number.

Reason (R) : If m is an odd number greater than 1, then m is irrational.

5. Assertion (A) : Given that HCF (306, 657) = 9, and LCM (306, 657) is 2238.
Reason (R) : If a and b are two positive integers and HCF (a, b) = 9, then
LCM (a + b) = a+b
2

6. Assertion (A) : π is an irrational number.

Reason (R) : 5 is an irrational number.

7. Assertion (A) : √ 3+√ 5 is an irrational number.

Reason (R) : The sum of a rational number and an irrational number is an irrational
number.

8. Assertion (A) : 6n can end with the digit 0 for any natural number n.
Reason (R) : Any positive integer ending with the digits 0 or 5 is divisible by 5 and so
its prime factorisation must contain the prime 5.

9. Assertion (A) : The HCF of two numbers is 5 and their LCM is 150. If one of the numbers
is 15, then the other is 50.
Reason (R) : For any two positive integers a and b HCF (a, b) × LCM (a, b) = a × b

10. Assertion (A) : 100 can be expressed as a product of primes.

Reason (R) : 100 is a composite number.

11. Assertion (A) : p is an irrational number, where p is a prime number.

Reason (R) : Square root of any prime number is an irrational number.

12. Assertion (A) : x2 + 4x + 5 has two zeroes.

Reason (R) : A quadratic polynomial can have at the most two zeroes.
13. Assertion (A) : Zeroes of p(x) = x2 – 4x – 5 are 5, –1.
Reason (R) : The polynomial whose zeroes are 2 + 3 , 2 – 3 is x2 – 4x + 7.

14. Assertion (A) : Degree of the zero polynomial is not defined.

Reason (R) : Degree of non-zero constant polynomial is 0.

15. Assertion (A) : If 2, 3 are the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial, then the polynomial
x2 – 5x + 6.
Reason (R) : If α, β are the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial, then polynomial is
x2 – (α + β) x + α ⋅ β

16. Assertion (A) : The polynomial x4 + 4x2 + 5 has four zeroes.

Reason (R) : If p(x) is divided by (x – k), then the remainder = p(k).

17. Assertion (A) : If one zero of the polynomial p(x) = (k2 + 4) x2 + 13x + 4k is reciprocal
of other, then k = 2.
Reason (R) : If (x – a) is a factor of p(x), then p(a) = 0 i.e., a is a zero of p(x).

18. Assertion (A) : If α, β and γ are the zeroes of x 3– 2 x 2+ qx – r and α + β = 0, then

2q = r.
Reason (R) : If α, β and γ are the zeroes of a x 3 + b x 2+ cx + d, then α + β + γ = – a/b , αβ
+ βγ + γα = c/a , αβγ = – a/d .

19. Assertion (A) : If α, β are the zeroes of the polynomial x 2– ax + 1, then

1/α + 1/β = a
Reason (R) : If α, β are the zeroes of the polynomial ax2 + bx + c, then α + β = – a b ,
αβ = c/a
.
20. Assertion (A) : If α, β are the zeroes of the polynomial x 2 – 3x + p and 2α + 3β = 15,
then p = 54.
Reason (R) : If α, β are the zeroes of the polynomial a x 2 + bx + c, then α + β = – a/b and
αβ = c/a .

21. Assertion (A) : The graph of a polynomial p(x) is as given in the figure, then number of
zeroes of p(x) is 2.
Reason (R) : If α, β are the zeroes of the polynomial a x 2 + bx + c, then α + β = – a/b and
αβ = c/a .

22. Assertion (A) : The polynomial of p(x) = x 3 + x has only one real zero.
Reason (R) : A polynomial of nth degree must have n real zeroes.

23. Assertion (A) : √ 3−√ 2 is one zero of the quadratic polynomial then other zero will be
√ 2+√ 3 .
Reason (R) : Irrational zeroes always occur in pairs.

24. Assertion (A) : p(x) = x 3 – 5 x 2 + 6x + 5 is a polynomial of degree 2.

Reason (R) : The highest power of x in the polynomial p(x) is the degree of the polynomial.

25. Assertion (A) : 3x + 4y + 5 = 0 and 6x + ky + 9 = 0 represent parallel lines if k = 8.

Reason (R) : a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 ; a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 represent parallel lines if
a1 /a2 = b1 /b2 ≠ c1 /c2
26. Assertion (A) : x + y – 4 = 0 and 2x + ky – 3 = 0 has no solution, if k = 2.
Reason (R) : a1x + b1y + c1 = 0; a2x + b2 y + c2 = 0 are consistent if a1 /a2 ≠ b1 /b2

27. Assertion (A) : If the system of equations 2x + 3y = 7 and 2ax + (a + b) y = 28 has

infinitely many solutions, then 2a – b = 0
Reason (R) : The system of equations 3x – 5y = 9 and 6x – 10y = 8 has unique solution.

28. Assertion (A) : If a pair of lines are coincident, then we say that pair is consistent and
it has a unique solution.
Reason (R) : If a pair of lines are parallel, then the pair has no solution and is called
inconsistent pair of equations.

29. Assertion (A) : If kx – y – 2 = 0 and 6x – 2y – 3 = 0 are inconsistent, then k = 3.

Reason (R) : a1x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 are inconsistent if
a1 /a2 = b1/b2 ≠ c1/c2

30. Assertion (A) : 3x – 4y = 7 and 6x – 8y = k have infinite number of solution if k = 14

Reason (R) : a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 have a unique solution if
a1 /a2 ≠ b1 /b2
31. Assertion (A) : The linear equations x – 2y – 3 = 0 and 3x + 4y – 20 = 0 have exactly
one solution.
Reason (R) : The linear equations 2x + 3y – 9 = 0 and 4x + 6y – 18 = 0 have unique solution.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true
32. Assertion (A) : kx + 2y = 5 and 3x + y = 1 have unique solution if k = 6.
Reason (R) : x + 2y = 3 and 5x + ky + 7 = 0 have unique solution, if k ≠ 10.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true
33. Assertion (A) : If the pair of equations x + y = 2 and xsinθ + ycos θ = 1 has infinitely
many solutions, then θ = 45°.
Reason (R) : The system of equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 has
infinitely many solutions, if a1 /a2 ≠ b1 /b2 .

34. Assertion (A) : If the pair of lines are coincident then we say that it has infinitely many
solutions.
Reason (R) : If the pair of lines are parallel, then the pair has no solution and is called
inconsistent pair of equations.

35. Assertion (A) : 3x + 4y + 5 = 0 and 6x + ky + 9 = 0 represent parallel lines if k = 8.

Reason (R) : a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2 y + c2 = 0 represent parallel lines if
a1 /a2 = b1 /b2 ≠ c1 /c2

36. Assertion (A) : The pair of equations ax + 2y = 7 and 3x + by = 16 represents parallel

lines if ab = 6
Reason (R) : a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2 y + c2 = 0 represent parallel lines if
a1 /a2 = b1 /b2 = c1 /c2

37. Assertion (A) : If the equation x2 – ax + b = 0 and x2 + bx – a = 0 have a common root

then, a + b ≠ 0 and a – b = 1.
Reason (R) : A common root of two equations satisfies both the equations.

1 1 1
38. Assertion (A) : If the roots of the equation + = are equal in magnitude and opposite in sign, then
x+ p x+ q r
p, r, q are in A.P.
Reason (R) : The sum of the roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 is b/a .

39. Assertion (A) : If roots of the equation (2k – 1) x2 + 4x – 3 = 0 are reciprocal of each
other, then k = –1.
Reason (R) : If a = c, then roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0 are reciprocal of each other.

40. Assertion (A) : The roots of the equation x 2+ 3x + 4 = 0 are imaginary.

Reason (R) : If for the quadratic equation a x 2 + bx + c = 0, b ≠ 0, b2 – 4ac < 0, then
its roots are imaginary.

41. Assertion (A) : Roots of every quadratic equation can be obtained by quadratic formula.

Reason (R) : If a x 2 + bx + c = 0, b ≠ 0, then the quadratic formula for finding roots is x=

−b ± √ b2−4 ac
2a

1 3± √ 13
42. Assertion (A) : Roots of equation x – – 3, x ≠ 0 are
x 2
Reason (R) : Quadratic Equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 has no real roots, if D < 0.

43. Assertion (A) : If –5 is a root of 2 x 2 + 2px – 15 = 0 and p(x2 + x) + k = 0 has equal

roots then k = 7/8 .
Reason (R) : The equation a x 2+ bx + c = 0, (a ≠ 0) has equal roots, if b2 – 4ac = 0

44. Assertion (A) : The roots of 2 x 2+ x – 6 = 0 are –2 and 3/2 .

Reason (R) : Roots of the equation a x 2+ bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0 are x=

−b ± √ b2−4 ac
2a

45. Assertion (A) : If px2 – 2x + 2 = 0 has no real roots, then p > 1/2 .
Reason (R) : The equation (a 2 + b 2) x 2 + 2(ac + bd) x + (c 2+ d 2) = 0 has no real roots,
if ad ≠ bc.

46. Assertion (A) : The possible values of p for which 2 x 2+ px + 3 = 0 has two real roots
is given by p > 2 6 .
Reason (R) : The quadratic equation a x 2 + bx + c =0 has two real roots if b2 – 4ac < 0.

47. Assertion (A) : x 2+ 5kx + 16 = 0 has no real roots if – 8/5 < k < 8/5
Reason (R) : The quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 (a ≠ 0) has two equal roots if
b2 – 4ac = 0

48. Assertion (A) : If one root of the quadratic equation 6 x 2– x – k = 0 is 2/3 , then the value of k is 2.
Reason (R) : The quadratic equation a x 2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0 has atmost two roots.

49. Assertion (A) : (2x – 1)2 – 4 x 2 + 5 = 0 is not a quadratic equation.

Reason (R) : An equation of the form a x 2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0, where a, b, c ∈R is called
a quadratic equation.

50. Assertion (A) : Sum of natural numbers from 1 to 100 is 5050

Reason (R) : Sum of n natural numbers is n(n 2 +1)

51. Assertion (A) : Sum of first 15 terms of 2 + 5 + 8 … is 345.

Reason (R) : Sum of fist n terms in an A.P. is given by the formula:
n
Sn = [2a + (n – 1)d]
2

52. Assertion (A) : The common difference of 5, 4, 3, 2,… A.P. is –1.

Reason (R) : The constant difference between any two terms of an AP is commonly
known as common difference.

53. Assertion (A) : The value of n, if a = 10, d = 5, an = 95 is 16.

Reason (R) : The formula of general term an is an = a + (n – 1)d.

54. Assertion (A) : The 11th term of an AP is 7, 9, 11, 13, ...... is 27.
Reason (R) : If Sn is the sum of first n terms of an AP, then its nth term an is given by
an = Sn + Sn–1

55. Assertion (A) : The 10th term of the A.P. 5, 8, 11, 14, ...... is 35.
Reason (R) : If Sn is the sum of the first n terms of an A.P., then its nth term an is given
by an = Sn – Sn – 1 .

56. Assertion (A) : The sum of the series with the nth term, an = (9 – 5n) is 465, when
number of terms, n = 15.
Reason (R) : The sum of first n terms of an AP is given by
n
Sn = [2a + (n – 1)d]
2

57. Assertion (A) : 5, 10, 15 are three consecutive terms of an AP.

Reason (R) : If a, b, c are three consecutive terms of an AP, then 2b = a + c

58. Assertion (A) : Sum of n terms of the AP. 3,13, 23… is 5n2 – 8n.
n
Reason (R) : The sum of first n terms of an AP is given by Sn = [2a + (n – 1)d]
2
59. Assertion (A) : Common difference of an AP, whose nth term is given by an= 4n – 70
is 4.
Reason (R) : d = an – an – 1

60. Assertion (A) : The first term of an AP is 5, the last term is 45 and its sum is 400. Then
the number of terms of the AP = 12.
Reason (R) : Sum of first n even natural numbers is n(n + 1).

61. Assertion (A) : Common difference of the AP having sum of first n terms as an2 + bn is 2a.
Reason (R) : If sum of n terms of an AP is denoted by Sn, then its nth term is Sn– Sn–1
62. Assertion (A) : 10th term from the end of the AP: 100, 95, 90, 85,…10 is 55.
Reason (R) : The nth term from the end of the AP having last term l and common
difference d is l – (n – 1)d.

63. Assertion(A) : In a ∆ABC, a line DE || BC, intersects AB in D and AC in E, then AB /AD = AC/AE.
Reason (R) : If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle intersecting the other

64. Assertion (A) : In the given figure, DE || BC and AD/DB= 3/5 . If AC = 4 .8 cm then the length of AE is 1.8 cm.
Reason (R) : If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, then the line must be parallel to the third
side.

65. Assertion (A) : In the given figure, DE || BC, so that AD = (4x – 3) cm, AE = (8x –7) cm, BD = (3x – 1) cm and
CE = (5x – 3) cm then, the value of x is 1.

Reason (R) : In triangle ABC, if DE || BC, then AD/BD= AE/CE