NORTHCENTRAL UNIVERSITY

ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET

Student: Lawana Marcas

THIS FORM MUST BE COMPLETELY FILLED IN

Follow these procedures: If requested by your instructor, please include an assignment cover
sheet. This will become the first page of your assignment. In addition, your assignment header
should include your last name, first initial, course code, dash, and assignment number. This
should be left justified, with the page number right justified. For example:

MarcasLBTM-7104-1

Save a copy of your assignments: You may need to re-submit an assignment at your
instructor’s request. Make sure you save your files in accessible location.

Academic integrity: All work submitted in each course must be your own original work. This
includes all assignments, exams, term papers, and other projects required by your instructor.
Knowingly submitting another person’s work as your own, without properly citing the source of
the work, is considered plagiarism. This will result in an unsatisfactory grade for the work
submitted or for the entire course. It may also result in academic dismissal from the University.

BTM-7104 Lonnie Stevens

Statistics I Normal Distribution and Probability Theory

<Add student comments here>

Faculty Use Only

<Faculty comments here>

<Faculty Name> <Grade Earned> <Date Graded>

 Northcentral University
Data File 3/Statistics in Educational Research

Normal Distribution and Probability Theory

Statistics I & Assignment 3

Lawana Marcas

Professor: Dr. Lonnie Stevens

5/14/2017
 Northcentral University
Data File 3/Statistics in Educational Research

Normal Distribution and Probability Theory

Chapter Five

1) If light bulbs have lives that are normally distributed with a mean of 2500 hours and a

standard deviation of 500 hours, what percentage of light bulbs have a life less than 2500

hours?

Answer

The percentage of light bulbs that have a life less than 2500 hours is .05

Using the fourmla z = x – u / a with x = 2500,u =2500, a = 500, P= percent

z= 2500- 2500/ 500

z=0

P(x<2500) = 0.5

Therefore, the percentage of light bulbs that have a life less than 2500 is 50%.

2) The lifetimes of light bulbs of a particular type are normally distributed with a mean of

370 hours and a standard deviation of 5 hours. What percentage of bulbs have lifetimes

that lie within 1 standard deviation of the mean on either side?

Answer

The percentage of bulbs that has a lifetime that lies within 1 Standard deviation of the

means on either side can be calculated by using the formula z = x-u /α

The Probability x is between 365 and 375 hours.

P (365<x<375) = (375-370)/ 5 >x > (365-370) / 5

= 1> x> -1

The z score is caluated by using the formula z score = (x - m) / sd

 Northcentral University
Data File 3/Statistics in Educational Research

z score = (375 - 370) / 5

= 5/5

=1

z score = (365 - 370)/5

= -5/5

= -1

This give a means of 50 with std of 10 and 25% of the score is below and the z scores are -.67

and -.68

-.67 = left .2514 and

-.68 = left .2483.

The percentage of bulbs that have lifetimes that lie within 1 standard deviation of the

mean on either side is 68.28%

3) The amount of Jen’s monthly phone bill is normally distributed with a mean of $60 and a

standard deviation of $12. Fill in the blanks:

68% of her phone bills are between $_____48_________ and $_____72_________.

$60-12 = 48 and $60+12 = 72

4) The amount of Jen’s monthly phone bill is normally distributed with a mean of $50 and a

standard deviation of $10. Find the 25th percentile.

Answer

First, find the z-value that has a left tail of 25%:

z value = -0.6745
 Northcentral University
Data File 3/Statistics in Educational Research

Using the formula z = x-u /α, to find the value of x Finding the value of x the formula is

inverted to

x = z*s+u

x = -0.6745*10 + 50

x = $43.26

The 25th percentile is $ 43.26

5) The diameters of bolts produced by a certain machine are normally distributed with a

mean of 0.30 inches and a standard deviation of 0.01 inches. What percentage of bolts

will have a diameter greater than 0.32 inches?

Answer

To find the percentage of bolts that will have a diameter greater than 0.32 inches,

P(x>0.32), using the formula z=x-u /α with P= percentage, x = .32, u=.30, a = 1

z = (0.32- 0.30)/0.01

z= 2

P(x>0.32 = 0.0228

The percentage of bolts that will have a diameter greater than 0.32 inches is 2.28%.

6) The annual precipitation amounts in a certain mountain range are normally distributed

with a mean of 88 inches, and a standard deviation of 10 inches. What is the likelihood

that the mean annual precipitation during 25 randomly picked years will be less than 90.8

inches?

Answer
 Northcentral University
Data File 3/Statistics in Educational Research

The likely hood that the mean annual precipitation during 25 randomly picked years will

be less than 90.8 inches is 0.9192 or 91.92%

Answer

To find the answer by using P(x<90.8) and the formula of z = x - u /(α/√n)

z= 90.8- 88/ (10/√25)

z= 2.8/ 2 = 1.4

P(x<90.8) = 0.9192

7) A final exam in Statistics has a mean of 73 with a standard deviation of 7.73. Assume

that a random sample of 24 students is selected and the mean test score of the sample is

computed. What percentage of sample means are less than 70?

Answer

The percentage of sample means that are less than 70 is 2.87%.

By using P(x<70) and the formula z = x - u / (α/√n).

z= 70- 73/ 7.73/√24

z= -3/ 1.578 = -1.901

P(x<70) = 0.0287

8) A mean score on a standardized test is 50 with a standard deviation of 10. Answer the

following

a. What scores fall between –1 and +1 standard deviation?

b. What percent of all scores fall between –1 and +1 standard deviation?

c. What score falls at +2 standard deviations?

d. What percentage of scores falls between +1 and +2 standard deviations?

 Northcentral University
Data File 3/Statistics in Educational Research

Answer

To solve the question use the formulas of Mean – Std, Mean + Std

a. -1= 50- 10 = 40

+1= 50+10= 60

The scores that fall between –1 and +1 standard deviation

are 40- 60.

b. By using a normal curve and empirical rule the percent of the

scores fall between -1 and +1 standard deviation is 68%

c. Standard deviation is 10 thus 2 standard deviations is 20.

Scores that fall at +2 standard deviations are calculated by:

Adding Std. to the means 50 + 20= 70

Scores that fall at +1 is 60, while score that falls at +2 is 70.

d. By following the empirical rule that states that 95% is between

-2 and + 2 standard deviations of the mean and 68% of are in

between -1 and +1. The total scores between “-1 and -2” and

between “+1 and +2” is 27% (95%-68%). The scores between

+1 and +2 standard deviations are 13.5% (27% / 2). 13.5% of

scores falls between +1 and +2 standard deviations

Chapter Six

1) For the following questions, would the following be considered “significant” if its

probability is less than or equal to 0.05?

a. Is it “significant” to get a 12 when a pair of dice is rolled?

 Northcentral University
Data File 3/Statistics in Educational Research

b. Assume that a study of 500 randomly selected school bus routes showed that 480

arrived on time. Is it “significant” for a school bus to arrive late?

Answer

a. To a get a 12 when a pair of dices are rolled, a score 6 of

must be on both dice. The chance that a 6 going to be on

one dice is 1/6. Therefore, the probability of getting a 6 on

both dices is:1/6 * 1/6 = 1/ 32 = 0.0313 This figure is less

than 0.05 and meaning that it is not significant to get a 12

when a pair of dice is rolled.

b. If only 20 (500- 480) buses arrived late. To figure out if it

is significant for a school bus to arrive late we must take

20/ 500 which is equal to 0.04. This figure is less that 0.05

level of significance which it is not significant for a school

bus to arrive late.

2) If you flip a coin three times, the possible outcomes are HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT,

THH, THT, TTH, and TTT. What is the probability of getting at least one head?

Answer

The probability of getting heads at least one time is 7/8 = 0.875

A sample space consists of 64 separate events that are equally likely. What is the

probability of each?

Answer

The probability of each event is 1/64 which is equal to 0.015625.

 Northcentral University
Data File 3/Statistics in Educational Research

P (each event) = 1 / 64

= 0.0156

3) A bag contains 4 red marbles, 3 blue marbles, and 7 green marbles. If a marble is

randomly selected from the bag, what is the probability that it is blue?

Answer

The answer is obtained by adding all the marbles together 4 + 3+ 7 = 14. The probability

of selecting a blue ball is gained when by dividing the number of blue marbles balls by

14.

P= 3/14 = 0.2143

4) The data set represents the income levels of the members of a country club. Estimate

the probability that a randomly selected member earns at least $98,000.

112,000 126,000 90,000 133,000 94,000

112,000 98,000 82,000 147,000 182,000

86,000 105,000 140,000 94,000 126,000

119,000 98,000 154,000 78,000 119,000

Answer

The probability that a randomly selected member earns at least $98,000 is .70

The data set shows that only 6 members earn less than 98,000. And the number of

member that earn greater or equal to 98,000 is 14 (20 – 6).

P (at least $98000) = 14 / 20

= 0.70
 Northcentral University
Data File 3/Statistics in Educational Research

5) Suppose you have an extremely unfair coin: The probability of a head is ¼, and the

probability of a tail is ¾. If you toss the coin 32 times, how many heads do you expect

to see?

Answer

Number of expected head = 32 * (1/4) = 8

If this coin was tossed 32 times, then we can expect 8 heads in 32 tosses.

6) The following table is from the Social Security Actuarial Tables. For each age, it

gives the probability of death within one year, the number of living out of an original

100,000 and the additional life expectancy for a person of that age. Determine the

following using the table:

Answer

a. Age many a female of age 60 expected to live on the average? To what age is a

male of age 70 expected to live on average?

b. How many 60-year old females on average will be living at age 61? How many

70-year old males on average will be living at age 71?

MALES FEMALES

P(Death Number Life P(Death Number Life

Age within of Expectancy within of Expectancy

one year) Living one year) Living

10 0.000111 99,021 65.13 0.000105 99,217 70.22

20 0.001287 98,451 55.46 0.000469 98,950 60.40

 Northcentral University
Data File 3/Statistics in Educational Research

30 0.001375 97,113 46.16 0.000627 98,431 50.69

40 0.002542 95,427 36.88 0.001498 97,513 41.11

50 0.005696 91,853 28.09 0.003240 95,378 31.91

60 0.012263 84,692 20.00 0.007740 90,847 23.21

70 0.028904 70,214 12.98 0.018938 80,583 15.45

80 0.071687 44,272 7.43 0.049527 594,31 9.00

90 0.188644 12,862 3.68 0.146696 24,331 4.45

Answer

A female of age 60 is expected to live on the average: 83.21

ELA= Age + Life Expectancy

= 60 years + 23.21 years

= 83.21 years

Male:

A male of age 70 is expected to live on the average: 82.98

ELA= Age + Life Expectancy

= 70 years + 12.98 years

= 82.98 years

.
 Northcentral University
Data File 3/Statistics in Educational Research

References

Bennett, J. O., Briggs, W. L., & Triola, M. F. (2014). The statistical reasoning for everyday life.

Boston, MA