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Data Communication

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10 views14 pages

Data Communication

Uploaded by

00004xyz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Data

Communication
Data Communication 2

 Communication is the exchange of information


from one entity to the other using a transmission
medium
 Data Communication is the exchange of data (in
the form of 0’s and 1’s) between two devices
(computers) via some form of the transmission
medium using a protocol
 in simplest form, it is the transfer of data or
information between a source and a receiver
Data Communication 3

 A data communication system is made up of 5


components:
 Sender
 Receiver
 Message
 Medium
 Protocol
Data Communication 4
 Sender:- It is the device which sends the data/messages
 it can be a computer, workstation, telephone handset
 Receiver:- It is the device which receives the
data/messages
 it can be a computer, workstation, telephone handset
 Message:- It is the data/information to be communicated
 popular forms of information include text, pictures, audio,
video
 Medium:- It is the physical path by which a message travels
from sender to receiver
 some examples include twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable, radio
waves
 Protocol:- It is the set of rules that governs the
communications
 it represents an agreement between the communicating
devices
 without a protocol, two devices may be connected but not
communicating
Data Communication 5
 Different modes for data communication;
 Simplex mode, data can flow in one
direction only
 A sender can only send data and cannot
receive it
 Example: Data sent from computer to
printer , loudspeaker, keyboard ,Monitor
etc
 Half-duplex mode, data can flow in both
directions but only one at a time
 Data is sent and received alternatively
 Example: walkie-talkie
 Full duplex-mode, data can flow in both
directions at the same time
 It is the fastest mode of data
communication
 Example: Telephone communication
system
Data Communication
6
 Different types of data
communication;
 Parallel Communication
 when multiple bits (usually 8 bits or
a byte/character) are
sent/received simultaneously
 more speed but with a cost since
multiple wires cost more than a
single wire
 Used for short distance
communication
 Example: connection between a
computer and a printer
 Serial Communication
 when bits are sent/received
sequentially
 it reduces costs for wire but
also slows the speed of
communication
 Used for long distance
communication
 Example: connection over a
WAN link
 Synchronous Transmission
 In Synchronous Transmission,
data is sent in form of blocks
or frames. This transmission is
the full-duplex type.
 Between sender and
receiver, synchronization is
compulsory.
 In Synchronous transmission,
There is no gap present
between data. It is more
efficient and more reliable
than asynchronous
transmission to transfer a
large amount of data.
 Example : Telephonic
Conversations, Video Conferencing
 Asynchronous Transmission
 In Asynchronous Transmission,
data is sent in form of byte or
character.
 This transmission is the half-duplex
type transmission.
 In this transmission start bits and
stop bits are added with data.
 Example: Email , Letters
Data Communication 10

 Different signals of data


communication;
 Analog signal (continuous):
Transmitted power varies over
a continuous range
 Analog signals are a type of
signal sent in a continuous
wave. These waves can vary in
both amplitude and
frequency.

 Example: sound, light, and


radio waves
 Digital signal (discrete):
Sequence of voltage pulses
represented in binary form
 Example: Computer
generated data signal is
digital
Data Communication 12
 Computers generate digital data signal, but the
telephone lines that carries it are analog
 Digital transmission of data is preferred over
analog transmission of data due to lower cost,
higher transmission speeds, and lower error rate
 When digital data signal is to be sent over an
analog facility, it must be converted to analog
form
 conversion of digital signal to analog form is known
as modulation
 conversion of analog signal to digital form is known
as demodulation
Data Communication
13
 MODEM is short for
MOdulator/DEModulator

 It is a special device used for


conversion of digital data signal
to analog form (modulation) and
vice-versa (demodulation)

 It is an essential piece of
hardware required when two
digital devices (e.g. two
computers) want to
communicate over an analog
transmission channel (e.g.
telephone line)
Thank You

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