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SLG 1.1.2 Basic Notations and Definitions

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16 views3 pages

SLG 1.1.2 Basic Notations and Definitions

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harel.lerah728
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY


PHILIPPINE SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL SYSTEM

Subject Code Mathematics 1 Elementary Algebra


Module Code 1.0 Sets
Lesson Code 1.1.2 Basic Notations and Definitions
Time Limit 30 minutes

TARGET

By the end of this module, students will have been able to represent sets in different
ways (descriptive, roster method, set-builder notation) and give examples.

IGNIT E 12 minutes

A set can be defined by:

1. Descriptive method – describing the elements of a set,


2. Roster Method (listing method) - listing all the elements separated by commas and use braces to
enclose the list, or
3. Set Builder Notation (rule method) - using a variable, a rule, or a formula to describe the
elements of a set.

Examples:
N is the set of counting numbers. (descriptive)
N = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, …} (roster)
N = {x | x is a counting number} (set-builder)
read as “such that” and sometimes denoted by a colon ( : )

It reads, Set N is the set of numbers x such that x is a counting number or Set N contains

element x such that x is counting number.


Note that | is read as “such that” and sometimes denoted by a colon ( : ).

The set of presidents of the Philippines who are born in the years 1920-1960. (descriptive)
{ Corazon C. Aquino, Fidel V. Ramos, Joseph E. Estrada, Gloria M. Arroyo, Rodrigo R. Duterte,
Benigno C. Aquino III } (roster)
{x | x is a President of the Philippines who is born in the years 1920-1960} (set-builder)

A is the set of counting numbers that are multiples of 5 less than 30. (descriptive)
A = {5, 10, 15, 20, 25} (roster)
A = {x | x is a counting number that is a multiple of 5 and less than 30} (set-builder)

Math 1 Page 1 of 3
Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
PHILIPPINE SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL SYSTEM

What are the elements of S = {x | x is a natural number and x + 2 is less than 8}? Is 6 included in the
set?

A natural number is the same as a counting number. Thus, the elements of Set S are 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
6 is not included, because the rule strictly says that x + 2 < 8, so even if 6 is a natural number, it didn’t
satisfy the second rule which is, when added to 2 the answer should be less than 8.

NAVIGATE 15 minutes

A. Write the following sets in roster form.

1. P is the set of all odd numbers greater than 1 but less than 20.
2. I is the set of letters in the word CALCULATOR.
3. S is the set of all factors of 100.
4. A = {x|x is the prime factors of 12}
5. Y = {x|x is a natural number and x + 1 = 5}
6. X = {x|x is a counting number number that is a multiple of 2 and less than or equal to 12}

B. Write the following sets in set-builder notation.

1. A = {1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18} 4. X = {a, b, c, d, …..., z}


2. B = {1, 2, 3, ......, 19} 5. Y = {M, A, T, H, E, I, C, S}
3. C = {0} 6. Z = {3, 5, 7, 9, 11}

KNOT 3 minutes

Remember:
A set is a well-defined collection of distinct objects.
If an object a belongs to the set S, then a is an element of the set. Therefore, we write a ∈ S.
Conversely, if b does belong to the set S, then we write b ∉ S.
There are three ways of illustrating sets: descriptive method, roster method (listing), and set
builder notation (rule method).

Note: In the roster method, elements should not be written repetitively.

Prepared by: JOANE C. DALISAY Reviewed by: FORTUNATO A. TACUBOY III


Position: SST-III Position: SST-V
Campus: PSHS-MRC Campus: PSHS-MC

Math 1 Page 2 of 3
Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
PHILIPPINE SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL SYSTEM

REFERENCES:

1. Albarico, JM. (2013). THINK Framework. (Based on Ramos, E.G. and N. Apolinario. (n.d.)
Science LINKS. Rex Bookstore, Inc.)

2. Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/atd-hostos-introcollegemath/chapter/set-


theory/

3. Retrieved from https://www.purplemath.com/modules/setnotn.htm

4. Brown et. al (2011). Sets and Venn Diagram (Number and Algebra: Module 1). Retrieved from
http://amsi.org.au/teacher_modules/pdfs/Sets_and_venn_diagrams.pdf

Answer Key for Odd-Numbered Items


A. 1) {3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19}
3) {1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100
5) {4}
B. 1) {x/x is factor of 18}
3) {x/x, x+2 = 2}
5) {x/x is a letter in the word ‘MATHEMATICS’}

Math 1 Page 3 of 3

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