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Trigonometry (Chapter 26)

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187 views73 pages

Trigonometry (Chapter 26)

Uploaded by

balsh374
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Trigonometric

Ratios of Obtuse
Angles
IGCSE Mathematics 10
Chapter 26
LET’S RECALL!
What are the exact trigonometric values of
the angles in the following triangles?
TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS OF ACUTE
ANGLES
TRIGONOMETRIC VALUES
What are the exact trigonometric values of
the angles in the following triangles?
UNIT CIRCLE
PAIR WORK
Relate the trigonometric ratios of obtuse and acute
angles. Do the discover activity on page 585.
GENERALIZATION
For any acute or obtuse 𝛳,
a) sin 𝛳 = sin (180 - 𝛳)
b) cos 𝛳 = -cos (180 - 𝛳)

What is tan 𝛳?
c) tan 𝛳 = -tan (180 - 𝛳)
EXAMPLES
Given that sin 56° = 0.829, cos 134° = -0.695, and
sin 60° = 0.866, without using a calculator, write
down the value of the following:

a) sin 124
b) cos 46
c) sin 120
YOUR TURN
Given that sin 54° = 0.809, cos 108° = -0.309, and
sin 70° = 0.940, without using a calculator, write
down the value of the following:

a) sin 126
b) cos 72
c) sin 110
WHAT IF…
Without using a calculator, write down the
value of the following:

a) sin 150
b) cos 120
c) cos 135
EXAMPLES (APPLICATION)
YOUR TURN
LET’S PRACTICE
Without using a calculator, answer the following
items in your student book (page 587)

Number 2 (all items)


Number 4 and 6
Trigonometric
Graphs and
Equations
IGCSE Mathematics 10
Chapter 26
July 29 - August 2
How would you describe
LET’S OBSERVE! the following graphs?

y = sin x

The graph of y = sin x has:


● a period of 360°
● a maximum value of +1
● a minimum value of -1
● symmetry
○ sin z = sin (180 - z)
How would you describe
LET’S OBSERVE! the following graphs?

y = cos x

The graph of y = cos x has:


● a period of 360°
● a maximum value of +1
● a minimum value of -1
● symmetry
○ cos z = cos (360 - z)
How would
you describe
the following
graphs?

The graph of y = tan x


has:
● a period of 180°
90° ● no maximum and
minimum value
● asymptotes at 90,
270 (± 180)

y = tan x
LET’S PRACTICE!
Which other angle
LET’S EXTEND! between 0° and 360°
has a sine of 0.5?

sin 𝛳 = sin (180 - 𝛳)


Which other angle
LET’S EXTEND! between 0° and 360°
has a cosine of 0.5?

cos 𝛳 = - cos(180 - 𝛳)
cos 𝛳 = cos(360 - 𝛳)
Which other angle
between 0° and 360°
has a tangent of 1?

tan 𝛳 = -tan(180 - 𝛳)
tan 𝛳 = tan (180 + 𝛳)
LET’S PRACTICE
Without using a calculator, write each of the
following in terms of the sine, cosine, or tangent
of another angle between 0° and 360°.

1. sin 80 4. cos 20 7. tan 54

2. sin 115 5. cos 98 8. tan 108

3. sin 200 6. cos 183 9. tan 180


LET’S EXTEND
Solve each of the following equations, giving all
the solutions in the range 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 360 . (1 d.p)
LET’S EXTEND
Without using a calculator, solve each of the
following equations, giving all the solutions in the
range 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 360 .
LET’S EXTEND
LET’S EXTEND
LET’S EXTEND
PAIR WORK
Solve the following equations, giving all the
solutions in the range 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 360 . (1 d.p)
a) 5 sin x = -3
b) 5 tan x = 1
c) 4 sin x - 1 = 2
CHALLENGE!
Solve the equation, giving all the solutions in the
range 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 360 . (1 d.p)
CHALLENGE!
Solve the equation, giving all the solutions in the
range 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 360 . (1 d.p)
CHALLENGE!
Solve the equation, giving all the solutions in the
range 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 360 . (1 d.p)
FURTHER PRACTICE
Answer Further Exercise, 26.1 and 26.2 (Page
281-285)
Sine and Cosine
Rules
IGCSE Mathematics 10
Chapter 26
LET’S RECALL!
Which concepts can we use in finding the
missing values?
LET’S RECALL!

How can we solve


for the measure of
side c?
NON-RIGHT ANGLED TRIANGLES
TAKE NOTE!
In a triangle, the
longest side is
always opposite the
largest angle. The
same is true for the
smallest side.
SINE RULE (PROOF)
★ Draw an altitude
(height) from point C
perpendicular to side
AB. Label it as h.

★ Using SOH, make h


as the subject for
angle A and angle B.
SINE RULE
SINE RULE When is Sine Rule used?
⇒ an angle and its opposite side
are given

2 angles and 1 side 2 sides and 1 non-included


angle (ambiguous case)
EXAMPLES Solve for the missing sides.
YOUR TURN Solve for the missing sides.
EXAMPLES Solve for the missing angles.
YOUR TURN Solve for the missing angles.
MORE EXAMPLES
Find the value of the
following:

a) angle ABC
b) length of side AB
c) length of side BC
YOUR TURN
A CLOSER LOOK…
Solve for the value of x. (nearest degree)

sin 115 has the


same value of sin x.

Which of the two


angles is the
correct measure of
x?
AMBIGUOUS CASE OF SINE RULE
In applying the law of sines to solve a triangle, there
might be a case when there are two possible
solutions.
AMBIGUOUS CASE OF SINE RULE
AMBIGUOUS CASE OF SINE RULE
Find the measure of angle ACB.
COSINE RULE
Finding the missing side.

Finding the missing angle.


COSINE RULE (PROOF)
COSINE RULE When is Cosine Rule used?

3 sides 2 sides and 1 included angle


EXAMPLES Solve for the missing sides.
YOUR TURN Solve for the missing sides.
EXAMPLES Solve for the missing angles.
YOUR TURN Solve for the missing angles.
MORE EXAMPLES
Find the value of the
following: (1 d.p.)

a) the value of a
b) angle ACB
c) angle CBA
YOUR TURN
YOUR TURN
CHALLENGE

Work out the size


of angle WXY.
CHALLENGE

Find the length of


BC to the nearest
whole number.
CHALLENGE The diagram shows a
quadrilateral PQRS formed
from two triangles, PQS and
QRS.

Triangle PQS is isosceles,


with PQ = PS = 32 cm and
angle SPQ = 56°.

QR = 47 cm and
angle SQR = 60°.

a. Calculate SR.
b. Calculate the shortest
distance from P to SQ.
Area of a Triangle
Application of Sine
and Cosine Rules
IGCSE Mathematics 10
Chapter 26
AREA OF A TRIANGLE
EXAMPLES

Find the area of Find the measure of x.


triangle ABC.
YOUR TURN

Find the area of Find the measure of x.


triangle ABC.
WORD PROBLEMS
WORD PROBLEMS
WORD PROBLEMS
YOUR TURN
a. Find the distance
AC, correct to 3 s.f.

b. Find the bearing of


port C from A,
correct to nearest
degree.
CHALLENGE

Without stopping, a car travels from town A to town C then to town


B, before returning directly to
town A.

The total time taken for the journey is 3 hours 20 minutes.


Calculate the average speed of the car for this journey.
Give your answer in kilometres per hour.
UP
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Chapter 26.4
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