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PROBLEM AND ISSUES CONFRONTING ETHNIC GROUPS (ETHNICITY AND ETHNIC CONFLICT)

ETHNIC GROUPS – any group of people who set themselves apart and/ or are set a part by others with
whom they interact or co-exist on the basis of their perceptions of cultural differentiation and/ or
common descent ( Jones,1997).
ETHNIC DIVERSITY
 At least 106 ethnic groups ( Fox and Troy, in Jocano 1998)
 The National Commission on indigenous People (NCIP) identifies 110 indigenous groups.
Major Ethnic Groups
 Tagalog (28.16%)
 Cebuano (23.12%)
 Ilocano (9.07%)
 Hiligaynon (7.57%)
 Bikol (6.01%)
 Waray (3.36%)
 Kapampangan (3.03%)
 Pangasinan (1.78%)
THE PROBLEM OF STATELESS NATIONALITIES
- Refers to individual or ethnic groups who are not recognized as citizens by any country or state.
Here are some key aspects of the problem of stateless nationalities:
1. Lack of Legal Status 4. Vulnerability and Human Rights Abuses
2. Limited freedom of Movement 5. Inter-generational impact
3. Discrimination and Marginalization 6. Complex causes
WHAT ARE THE PROBLEMS AND ISSUES CONFRONTING THE ETHNIC GROUP IN THE COUNTRY?
• Marginalization and Discrimination
• Land and Resource Rights
• Cultural Preservation and Identity
• Armed Conflict and Displacement
• Limited Political Representation
• Poverty and Socioeconomic Disparities
• Lack of Basic Services
• Environmental Degradation
WHAT SHOULD BE DONE TO SOLVE THIS PROBLEM?
Resolving the problems and issues confronting ethnic groups in the Philippines requires a multifaceted
and comprehensive approach.
1. Legal Recognition and Protection
2. Participatory Decision-Making
3. Land and Resource Rights
4. Cultural Preservation and Education
5. Socioeconomic Empowerment
6. Conflict Resolution and Peacebuilding
7. Awareness and Sensitization
What are Ethnicity and Ethnic conflicts?
Ethnicity refers to a social construct that categorizes people into groups based on shared cultural,
linguistic, religious, or ancestral characteristics. It encompasses elements such as language, customs,
traditions, and a sense of collective identity.
Ethnic conflicts arise when tensions and disputes emerge between different ethnic groups within a
society. These conflicts can stem from factors such as competition for resources, political power, cultural
dominance, historical grievances, and socio-economic disparities. Ethnic conflicts can manifest in various
forms, from peaceful negotiations to violent clashes, and can have profound and long-lasting effects on
societies.
Resolving ethnic conflicts requires understanding and addressing the root causes of tensions, promoting
dialogue, inclusivity, and equal rights. Efforts to mitigate these conflicts involve fostering intercultural
understanding, implementing inclusive governance structures, addressing socio-economic disparities,
and promoting respect for diversity and human rights. International cooperation and mediation can also
play a crucial role in resolving ethnic conflicts and promoting peaceful coexistence.
Resolving Ethnic Conflict
Resolving ethnic conflicts is a complex and challenging process that requires a comprehensive and multi-
dimensional approach. While each conflict is unique and requires tailored solutions, there are some
common strategies and principles that can contribute to the resolution of ethnic conflicts. Here are
some key approaches:
1. Dialogue and Communication
2. Conflict Resolution Mechanisms
3. Inclusive Governance and Power-Sharing
4. Addressing Root Causes
5. Rule of Law and Human Rights
6. Reconciliation and Healing
7. International Support and Mediation

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