COMPUTER STUDIES NOTES

1. Who is called as Father of Computers? Charles Babbage

2. The first Digital Computer introduced, was named as? Mark-I
3. How many generations, computer can be classified? 5
4. First Generation Computers contain? Vacuum Tubes
5. II Generation Computers are made of? Transistors
6. IV Generation Computers contain? LSI
7. Vth Generation Computers are based on? Artificial Intelligence
8. Computers, combine both measuring and counting, are called? Hybrid
9. In world today, most of the computers are? Digital
10. In any computer installation, how many elements consist? 3
11. Physical structure of computer is called? Hardware
12. CPU stands for? Central Processing Unit
13. In which type of computer, data are represented as discrete signals? Digital computer
14. Which of the following is available in the form of a PC now? Microcomputer
15. PARAM is an example of? Super computer
16. Who developed the analytical engine? Charles
17. GUI stands for? Graphical User Interface
18. The time taken by CPU to retrieve and interpret the instruction to be executed is called as? Instruction cycle
19. Which of the following is responsible for all types of calculations? ALU
20. Which of the following is permanent memory? ROM
21. The metal or plastic case that holds all the physical parts of the computer is the? System Unit
22. CD-ROM stands for? Compact Disk Read Only Memory
23. ALU Stand for? Arithmetic Logic Unit
24. VGA Stand for? Video Graphics Array
25. IBM 1401 is? Second Generation Computer
26. MSI stands for? Medium Scale Integrated Circuits
27. WAN stands for? Wide Area Network
28. MICR stands for? Magnetic Ink Character Reader
29. One byte consists of? eight bits
30. EEPROM stand for? Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
31. Which of the following is a way to access secondary memory? Random access memory
32. UNIVAC Stand for?Universal Automatic Computer
33. The brain of any computer system is? CPU
34. To rage capacity of magnetic disk depends on? disk pack in disk surface
35. The two kinds of main memory are? ROM and RAM
36. A storage area used to store data to a Compensate for the difference in speed at which the different units can handle data
is? Buffer
 COMPUTER STUDIES NOTES
37. Computer is free from tiresome and boardroom. We call it? Diligence
38. Which type of computers uses the 8-bit code called EBCDIC? Mainframe computers
39. The ALU of a computer responds to the commands coming from? Control section
40. Chief component of first generation computer was? Vacuum Tubes and Valves
41. To produce high quality graphics (hardcopy) in color, you would want to use a/n? Plotter
42. One millisecond is? 1000th of a seconds
43. The output quality of a printer is measured by? Dot per inch
44. Which of the following was a special purpose computer? ABC
45. Which of the following storage devices can store maximum amount of data? Hard Disk
46. Which computer was considered the first electronic computer until 1973 when court invalidated the patent? ENIAC
47. A physical connection between the microprocessor memory and other parts of the microcomputer is known as? Address bus
48. High density double sided floppy disks could store of data? 44 MB
49. A high quality CAD system uses the following for printing drawing and graphs? Digital plotter
50. The accuracy of the floating-point numbers representable in two 16-bit words of a computer is approximately? 16 digits
51. In most of the IBM PCs, the CPU, the device drivers, memory, expansion slots and active components are mounted on a
single board. What is the name of the board? Motherboard
52. A technique used by codes to convert an analog signal into a digital bit stream is known as? Pulse code modulation
53. Regarding a VDU, Which statement is more correct? It is a peripheral device
54. A modern electronic computer is a machine that is meant for? Input, storage, manipulation and outputting of data
55. When was vacuum tube invented? 1906
56. Computer with 80286 Microprocessor is? AT computers
57. The digital computer was developed primarily in? USA
58. Software in computer? Enhances the capabilities of the hardware machine
59. The arranging of data in a logical sequence is called?Sorting
60. What is the responsibility of the logical unit in the CPU of a computer? To compare numbers
61. Abacus was the first ? mechanical calculator
62. If in a computer, 16 bits are used to specify address in a RAM, the number of addresses will be? 65,536
63. Instructions and memory address are represented by? Binary codes
64. The terminal device that functions as a cash register, computer terminal, and OCR reader is the? POS terminal
65. A set of flip flops integrated together is called? Register
66. Which is used for manufacturing chips? Semiconductors
67. The first computer introduced in Nepal was? IBM 1401
68. Mnemonic a memory trick is used in which of the following language? Assembly language
69. A register organized to allow to move left or right operations is called ?Shift register
70. Which was the most popular first generation computer? IBM 650
71. A set of information that defines the status of resources allocated to a process is? Process description
72. Each set of Napier’s bones consisted of rods? 11
73. BCD Stand for? Binary Coded Decimal
 COMPUTER STUDIES NOTES
74. When was the world’s first laptop computer introduced in the market and by whom? Epson, 1981
75. From which generation operating systems were developed? Third generation
76. The first firm to mass-market a microcomputer as a personal computer was? Radio Shak
77. How many address lines are needed to address each machine location in a 2048 x 4 memory chip? 11
78. Properly arranged data is called? Information
79. John Napier invented Logarithm in? 1614
80. An integrated circuit is? Fabricated on a tiny silicon chip
81. What Type of control pins are needed in a microprocessor to regulate traffic on the bus, in order to prevent two devices from
trying to use it at the same time? Bus arbitration
82. Whereas a computer mouse moves over the table surface, the trackball is? Stationary
83. Which of the following is used as a primary storage device? Magnetic drum
84. Multi user systems provided cost savings for small business because they use a single processing unit to link several? Dumb
terminals
85. The word processing task associated with changing the appearance of a document is? Formatting
86. When was Pascale invented? 1642
87. What is required when more than one person uses a central computer at the same time? Terminal
88. The term gigabyte refers to? 1024 megabytes
89. in which year was UK’s premier computing event started? 1980
90. What is the date when Babbage conceived Analytical engine? 1837
91. What was the expected feature of fifth generation computers when Japan started FGCS? Parallel Processing
92. Which of the following memory medium is not used as main memory system? Magnetic tape
93. Computer operators? operate the device which input and output data from the computer
94. Computers are also called personal computers? Micro Computers
95. Which of the following is machine independence program? High level language
96. When was the first electro-mechanical computer developed? 1944
97. Analog computer works on the supply of? Continuous electrical pulses
98. The BIOS is the abbreviation of ?Basic Input Output System
99. Most of the first generation computers were? Special purpose computers
100. The output quality of a printer is measured by? Dot per sq. inch
101. On a PC, how much memory is available to application software? 640 KB
102. In a Computer is capable to store single binary bit? Flip flop
103. What does DMA stand for? Direct Memory Access
104. Operating system, editors, and debuggers comes under? System Software
105. What is the name of the display feature that highlights are of the screen which requires operator attention? Reverse video
106. Which is the largest computer? Mainframe Computer
107. The personal computer industry was started by?IBM
108. What is meant by a dedicated computer? Which is assigned one and only one task
109. Registers, which are partially visible to users and used to hold conditional, are known as? General purpose register
 COMPUTER STUDIES NOTES
110. Registers which are partially visible to users and used to hold conditional codes (bits set by the CPU hardware as the result
of operations), are known as? Flags
111. An approach that permits the computer to work on several programs instead of one is? Over lapped processing
112. Who suggested Stored Program Concept? John Neumann
113. The central processing unit (CPU) consists of? Control unit, arithmetic-logic unit and primary storage
114. The notable features like keyboards, monitors, GUI were developed in? Third generation
115. Who is credited with the idea of using punch cards to control patterns in a waving machine? Jacquard
116. What is an interpreter? An interpreter is the representation of the system being designed
117. RJ45 UTP cable has Cables? 4 pair
118. Which of the following is not a valid size of a Floppy Disk? 5 ½
119. The earliest calculating devices are? Abacus
120. Word length of a Personal Computer is? 8 bits
121. A directly accessible appointment calendar is feature of a resident package? Memory
122. Which unit converts computer data into human readable form? Output unit
123. What produces useful information out of data? Processing
124. Which of the following device was not invented by Babbage? Pascale
125. A digital computer did not score over an analog computer in terms of?Accuracy
126. Which number system is usually followed in a typical 32-bit computer? Binary
127. A computer has very low failure rate because it uses electronic components. It produces very consistent results. This is
highlighted by which of the feature of computer?Reliability
128. A paper printout of a document is known as? Hardcopy output
129. Which part of the computer is used for calculating and comparing? ALU
130. ABC Stand for? Special purpose computer
131. The computer code for the interchange of information between terminals is? ASCII
132. When was the X window system born? 1984
133. What is the first stage in software development? System Analysis
134. Which of the following is valid statement? Data in itself is useless unless it is processed
135. EBCDIC stands for? Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
136. Personnel who design, program, operates and maintains computer equipment refers to? People ware
137. IBM System/360 is? Mainframe Computer
138. Which of the following programming language started from second generation? Cobol
139. The translator program used in assembly language is called? Assembler
140. Which of the following memories allows simultaneous read and Write operations? RAM
141. EPROM can be used for? Erasing and reconstructing the contents of ROM
142. A 32 bit microprocessor has the word length equal to? 4 byte
143. The term GIGO is related to? Accuracy
144. Web cam is an? input unit device
145. Bit stands for? Binary digits
 COMPUTER STUDIES NOTES
146. Which device can understand difference between data &programs? Microprocessor
147. Which of the following is a read only memory storage device? CD-ROM
148. Symbolic logic was discovered by? George Boole
149. An error in computer data is called?Bug
150. The instructions for starting the computer are house on? Read only memory chip
151. 1 nibble equals to? 4 bits
152. Perforated paper used as input of output media is known as? paper tapes
153. Which American computer company is called Big Blue? IBM
154. It was in 2028 BS the was brought in to calculate census data? IBM 1401
155. Which unit holds data temporarily? Primary Memory Unit
156. The computer size was very large in? First Generation
157. A name or number used to identify storage location devices? An address
158. Which of the following is not computer language? Medium level language
159. Reading data is performed in magnetic disk by? Read/write lead
160. The term ‘computer’ is derived from? Latin language
161. To locate a data item for storage is? Fetch
162. Who used punched cards practically for the first time in the history of computers? Herman Hollerith
163. Hard disk is coated in both sides with? Magnetic metallic oxide
164. Which of the following term means to reckon?Put are
165. Computer professionals working in a computer Centre are? Human ware
166. The contents of information are stored in? Memory data register
167. Main storage is also called? Memory
168. Memory unit is one part of? Central Processing Unit
169. By programmable machine we mean? computers
170. Which of the following is a secondary memory device? Disk
171. The memory which is programmed at the time it is manufactured? PROM
172. Which of the following memories must be refreshed many times per second? Dynamic RAM
173. In mode, the communication channel is used in both directions at the same time? Full-duplex
174. Memory is made up of? Large number of cells
175. What is the path from which data flow in a computer system is known as? Bus
176. Which technology is more reliable? Electronic
177. Raw facts and figures about any particular topic are? data
178. A computer can solve more than one kind of problem. This is related to which of the following characteristics? Versatility
179. From which generation computers the printers were used? second
180. How many symbols exist in Bardot code?32
181. An application program that helps the user to change any number and immediately see the result of that change
is? Spreadsheet
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182. What is the name of the new color laptop computer which is powered by a 386 processor at 33 MHz and is built by
Epson? AX3/33
183. In analog computer? Input is never converted to digital form
184. When as the Company named IBM?1924
185. Which of the following storage device can store the largest amount of data? Hard Disks
186. The octal equivalence of 111010 is? 72
187. What do you call a single point on a computer screen?Pixel
188. Mostly which of the following device is used to carry user files? Floppy Disk
189. An output device that uses words or messages recorded on a magnetic medium to produce audio response is? Voice response
unit
190. Who developed a mechanical device in the 17th century that could add, Subtract, Multiple divide and find square
roots? Leibniz
191. The first Macintosh computer was from? Fourth generation
192. Which of the following is internal memory? RAM
193. Floppy disks which are made from flexible plastic material are also called? Diskettes
194. The magnetic storage chip used to provide non-volatile direct access storage of data and that have no moving parts are
known as? Magnetic bubble memory
195. A collection of related instructions organized for a common purpose is referred to as? Program
196. Computer instructions written with the use of English words instead of binary machine code is called? Symbolic code
197. Which language is directly understood by the computer without translation program? Machine language
198. Which of the following processors use RISC technology? Power PC
199. Which of the following machine was not invented by Charles Babbage? Tabulating Machine
200. How many numbers could ENIAC store in its internal memory? 20
201. The subject of cybernetics deals with the science of? Control and communication
202. Binary circuit elements have? Two stable state
203. The value of each bead in earth is?1
204. Which of the following terms is the most closely related to main memory? Permanent
205. Which was the world’s first minicomputer and when was it introduced? PDP-I, 1958
206. A group of magnetic tapes, videos or terminals usually under the control of one master is? Surface
207. The word length of a computer is measured in?Bits
208. Which unit holds data permanently? Secondary storage unit
209. Computer system comprises of major units? input unit, output unit, central processing unit and storage unit
210. Magnetic tape can serve as? Secondary storage media
211. Which company is the biggest player in the microprocessor industry? Intel
212. EBCDIC can code up to how many different characters? 256
213. Number crunchier is the informal name for? Super computer
214. RATS stand for? Regression Analysis Time Series
215. Which technology is used in Compact disks? Laser
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216. The metal disks, which are permanently housed in, sealed and contamination free containers are called? Winchester disk
217. Intel Corporation produces chips for which computers? IBM PCs
218. The first microprocessor built by the Intel Corporation was called? 8080
219. The data recording format in most of the modern magnetic tape is? 8-bit EBCDIC
220. Who designed the first electronics Computer ? ENIAC/ C) J. P. Eckert and J. W. Muchly
221. Time during which a job is processed by the computer is? Execution time
222. Which unit converts user data into machine readable form? Input unit
223. Which unit is known as nerve center of computer? ALU
224. Access time is? seek time + latency time
225. Easily relocatable language is? Assembly language
226. Through which device the main components of the computer communicate with each other? System Bus
227. What type of device is computer keyboard? Input
228. Which is the limitation of high level language? Lower efficiency
229. The original ASCII code used bits of each byte, reserving that last bit for error checking? 7
230. A computer programmer? Does all the thinking for a computer
231. Fifth generation computer is also known as? Knowledge information processing system
232. A typical personal computer used for business purposes would have of RAM? 256
233. Model 5100 was in 1957? The first PC built by IBM
234. Which 8-bit chip was used in many of today’s TRS-80 computers? Z-80
235. Which of the following disk is fixed disk? Hard Disks
236. The word Abacus is derived from Abaxis a word from? Latin language
237. An online backing storage system capable of storing larger quantities of data is? Mass storage
238. A kind of serial dot-matrix printer that forms characters with magnetically-charged ink sprayed dots is called? Ink-jet
printer
239. Which of the following is an example of fifth generation computer? PIM/m
240. The number of records contained within a block of data on magnetic tape is defined by the? Blocking factor
241. Which of the following registers is loaded with the contents of the memory location pointed by the PC? Instruction register
242. MIS is designed to provide information needed for effective decision making by? Managers
243. Latency time is? Time to spin the needed data under head
244. Who built the first Mechanical Calculator? Blaise Pascal
245. Which of the following generation computers had expensive operation cost? First
246. An IBM system/38 represents the computer class of? Small-scale computer
247. Another word for a daisy wheel printer? Golf ball printer
248. Which computers are used as servers for any medium sized organizations?Mini Computers
249. Slide Rules was invented in? 1620
250. A normal CD-ROM usually can store up to data? 680 MB
251. The lower deck of an abacus is known as? earth
252. All modern Computers operate on?Data
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253. Offline device is? A device which is not connected to CPU
254. What is the latest write-once optical storage media? CD-ROM disk
255. Which one of the following input device is user- programmable? VDT
256. Floppy disks typically in diameter?3
257. Current SIMMs have either or connectors (pins)? 30 or 72
258. Dot-matrix is a type of? Printer
259. Programs are executed on the basis of a priority number in? Multiprogramming
260. When was Apple Macintosh II microcomputer introduced in the market? 1983
261. When was the world’s first laptop computer introduced in the market and by whom? Epson, 1981
262. Today’s computer giant IBM was earlier known by different name which was changed in 1924. What was that name? The
Tabulator Ltd.
263. Who built the world’s first electronic calculator using telephone relays, light bulbs and batteries? George Stibitz
264. In which language is source program written? High level
265. A song being played on computer speaker is? soft output
266. What is the number of read-write heads in the drive for a 9-trac magnetic tape? 9
267. Charles Babbage was awarded by Royal Society for his? Difference Engine
268. A computer which CPU speed around 100 million instruction per second and with the word length of around 64 bits is
known as? Super computer
269. Which of the following will happen when data is entered into a memory location?It will erase the previous content
270. Which device is used as the standard pointing device in a Graphical User Environment? Mouse
271. Pick the one that is used for logical operations or comparisons such as less than equal to or greater than? Arithmetic and
Logic Unit
272. Which of the following is used only for data entry and storage, and never for processing? Dumb terminal
273. Basic is language? a procedural
274. Which of the following have the fastest access time? Semiconductor Memories
275. How many types of storage loops exists in magnetic bubble memory? 2
276. Daisy wheel printer is a type of? Impact printer
277. A number system that has eight different symbols to represent any quantity is known as? Octal
278. The two basic types of record access methods are? Sequential and random
279. One of a class of storage device devices that can access storage locations in any order is? DASD
280. In what respect human beings are superior to computers? Intelligence
281. As compared to the secondary memory, the primary memory of a computer is? Fast
282. The language that the computer can understand and execute is called? Machine language
283. How was the generation of computer classified? by the device used in memory & processor
284. CAD stands for? Computer aided design
285. Which of the following memories has the shortest access times? Cache memory
286. .A small or intelligent device is so called because it contains within it a? Sensor
287. Who invented Analytical engine? Charles Babbage
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288. CPU speed of a personal computer is? 100 KIPS
289. Circular division of disks to store and retrieve data is known as? Tracks
290. The least significant bit of the binary number, which is equivalent to any odd decimal number, is? 0
291. The latest PC keyboards use a circuit that senses the movement by the change in its capacitance? Capacitance keyboard
292. The Stepped Reckoner was invented by? Gottfried Leibnitz
293. While inserting a diskette into the diskette drive of a PC, the diskette’s label side should face? Up
294. Most of the inexpensive personal computers do not have any disk or diskette drive. What is the name of such
computes? Diskless computers
295. What is a light pen? Optical input device
296. When a key is pressed on the keyboard, which standard is used for converting the keystroke into the corresponding
bits? ANSI
297. In order to play and hear sound on a computer, one needs? a sound card and speakers
298. For which of the following computers can’t be used? gathering data
299. Who invented punched cards? Joseph Jacquard
300. Which device is required for the Internet connection? Modem