PR Gruop1 Research

GIGAQUIT NATIONAL SCHOOL OF HOME INDUSTRIES
Alambique, Gigaquit Surigao Del Norte
Factors Influencing the Reluctance of the Use of

Contraceptives Among the Selected Mother in Gigaquit Surigao
del Norte
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents the introduction, conceptual
framework, statement of the problem, hypothesis,
significance of the study, scope and limitiation of the
study, and definition of terms.
INTRODUCTION
Contraceptives encompass a range of methods and
devices designed to prevent pregnancy by inhibiting of a
fertilized the implantation of a conception or impeding
the implantation of a fertilized egg. The primary goal is
to provide individuals and couples and control with the
means to plan and and control their reproductive choices
effectively. The benefits of contraceptives extend beyond
family planning. They empower individuals to make
informed decisions about when and if to have children,
promoting responsible parenthood. This, in turn, can
contribute to improved maternal and child health by
spacing pregnancies appropriately. Contraceptives also
play a crucial role in reducing pregnancies, reducing the
risk of preventing unintended pregnancies, unsafe
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abortions, and allowing individuals to pursue education
and career goals. The issue on the use of contraception
has long been a topic of paramount importance in public
particularly in low-resource settings. According to
survey conducted among heterosexual women in Southeast
Asia in 2023, almost 70 percent of the respondents had
not used any contraceptive method before. According to a
survey in 2022 among married women in the Philippines,
about 41.7 percent of respondents stated that they were
not currently using any modern contraceptives method.
Conversely, the same proportion of interviewed women
stated that they were not currently using any birth
control methods . In the Context of Gigaquit small but
vibrant community in the Philippines, the Gigaquit faced
the reluctance use of contraceptives in baranggay
Anibongan, Villaflor, Mahanub, and San Isidro were
mothers are not using. Understanding the factors that
influence the reluctance of contraceptive use among
selected mothers is essential. This research seeks to
delve into the multifaceted aspects surrounding the
decision-making process of these mothers, shedding light
on the sociocultural, economic, and healthcare-related
factors that play a pivotal role in choices. By
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unraveling the shaping their underlying determinants of
contraceptive reluctance, this study aims to inform and
empower healthcare providers, policymakers, and community
leaders to develop tailored interventions that promote
reproductive health and family planning within Gigaquit
and similar communities.
The World Health Organization defines adolescents
as people ranging from 10 to 19 years of age when young
individuals transit into adulthood (WHO, 2014). Curtis
(2015) defines adolescence as years between the onset of
puberty and establishment of social independence. Sexual
and reproductive health is an important issue to every
stakeholder in the global health sector particularly with
regard to the youth and adolescents (Ugwu, 2012). 13% of
all maternal deaths. The cause of this degenerating
health condition of adolescent girls, according to Ugwu
(2012), is lack of knowledge and access to contraception.
Consequently, Tayo, Akinola, Babatunde, Adewumi, Osinusi,
and Shittu, (2011) suggested active and intensive
promotion of sexuality education, and contraceptive
knowledge and use among the youth in the Sub-Saharan
Africa as a way of addressing this anomaly. In Nigeria,
there is a persistent reluctance by health workers to
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provide adolescents with contraceptives and also of the
adolescents to seek contraceptive services. (Chandra-
mouli, Parameshwer, parry, (2017). This is based largely
on the premise that the culture does not support pre-
marital sexual activity and that providing the services
will promote promiscuity (Chandra et al 2017). However,
several studies have revealed that a large number of
adolescents are experiencing early sexual debut, some as
early as 13 years. Fu rthermore, mortality resulting from
termination of unwanted pregnancies is on the increase
among Nigerian adolescents. (Adelokunbo, Tayo,
Oluwarotimi, Akinola, Babatunde, Adewumi, Osinusi &
Shittu (2011). Contraception is one of the essential
elements of youth reproductive health and it allows youth
to determine the timing and the number of their children
and empowers them to manage their lives with respect and
dignity (Ugwu, 2012). Ugwu, (2012) added that adolescent
reproductive health is increasingly being recognized as
one of the major determinant of human development. Among
the essential development concern, contraception or
prevention of unwanted early pregnancies is considered to
have a significant potential in improving the status of
youth (Ugwu, 2012). Knowledge and use of contraceptives
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among youth showed very wide variation among region of
subSaharan Africa than other regions of the world (Ugwu
2012). In confirmation of this, study among youth aged
15-19 in Ghana, revealed that 85% knows at least one
method of contraception while only 17% of sexually active
youth use contraceptives, the rate for any method was 27%
(Ugwu 2012). Similar study in Nigeria has revealed that
over 60% of urban youth have heard of at least one method
but only 4.7% of active youth practice contraceptives of
which 3.5% of them practice modern methods (Ugwu 2012).
Another study in Kenya indicate that 90% of Kenyan high
school students knew at least one method, 49% of male and
43% of female student ever used contraceptives (Ugwu
2012). The same study also revealed an increase in
contraceptive use from 25% versus 28% during the first to
31% versus 29% during the last intercourse among male and
female students respectively. However, only 11% of ever
users considered themselves as frequent users (Ugwu
2012). Knowledge of contraceptive method among youth in
most countries of Latin America, the Caribbean, Asia,
Near east and North Africa exceed 90% (Ugwu 2012).
According to Hagan & Buston (2012), various studies
conducted in Ghana show that the awareness of young
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people about contraceptives and where to obtain them is
high. Results from the 1998 Ghana Youth Reproductive
Health Survey (GYRHS) indicated that 76% of female and
88% of males all aged between 15 and 19 years were aware
of at least one modern family planning method. The condom
was the most reported method known by 77% and 66% of
males and females respectively. However, adolescents’
knowledge of some specific methods is superficial (Hagan,
& Buston, 2012). For example, data from the 1998 GYRHS
show that 49% of females and 25% of males all aged
between 12 and 24 years knew of the pill.
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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Fast-paced population growth in the Philippines is
one of the major challenges which hinders the country on
its economic development. This issue of rapid population
growth is attributed to high fertility rate. In order to
solve this problem, the government implemented various
programs regarding reproductive health and family
planning. Among these is the amendment of the Republic
Act of 10354 also known as the "Responsible Parenthood
and Republic Health Act of 2012". However, there has been
a delay in the implementation of programs in accordance
to this law due to the opposition of numerous groups,
particularly the Roman Catholic Church.
In this paper, the researchers aimed to determine
the impact of the previous policies and programs that
promote reproductive health and family planning in the
totalfertility rate in the Philippines. The result
confirmed that policies advocating the use of
contraceptives have a deterrent effect in total fertility
rate. The increase of population affects many aspects of
society, including living conditions, basic needs,
employment status and most importantly the health system.
It is thus imperative to adequately plan family size in
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order to build a stable society. But despite of the
availability of family planning programs where most
methods of contraception are available both in the rural
and urban health centers, literatures shows that
population growth is still at rise. The study tried to
assess the level of awareness and practices of family
planning methods among couples in a selected Barangays
Anibongan, Villaflor, Mahanub, and San Isidro. It tried
to seek the demographic profile of the respondents, their
level of awareness and practices on the different family
planning methods, and establish if there is any
relationship between their level of awareness and
demographic profile. Data were gathered through personal
interview through the use of a survey questionnaire to
all couples in the selected Mothers in. The more common
and easy to practice natural family planning methods
which include abstinence, withdrawal, and standard days
method, the higher is the couple's awareness level. On
the other hand, the easier to use and readily available
artificial family planning methods include bilateral
tubal ligation, use of pills, injectables, and condom is
the higher couple's level of awareness. Easy to practice
natural family planning methods are the most observed
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method in the community to include abstinence and
withdrawal. The more complicated the method become the
least likely it will be practiced by couples. Condoms,
pills, bilateral tubal ligation, and injection which are
more accessible and readily available artificial family
planning methods in the community are the most chosen and
utilized by the couples. Age, number of children, and the
number of years using family planning do not affect the
couples' level of awareness but they are rather affected
by religion, educational attainment, occupation, and
monthly income.
Religion being a cultural aspect does influence
awareness on specific family planning methods which
include ovulation method and IUD use. In making and
assessing family planning policies and programs, it is
vital to investigate fertility preference as it does not
only reveal a woman's ideal number of children and the
couple's consensus on it, but also captures information
on unwanted and mistimed pregnancies. Among women who
have achieved their fertility preference, and secondly,
among women who have not achieved their fertility
preference.
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This study also examined the factors affecting the
contraceptive behavior of women who have not achieved
their fertility preference, specifically for a)
contraceptive users, b) non-users who intend to use
contraceptives later, and c) non-users with no intention
to use. The difference in the behavior of factors
influencing the ideal number of children between women
who have and have not met their fertility preference
showed that instead of factors related to family
planning, the ideal number of children for women with
unmet fertility preference is decreased by factors that
suggest lack of women's empowerment. On the other hand,
analysis on contraceptive behavior found possible factors
that can hinder the realization of women's intention to
practice. These methods include hormonal contraceptives
like birth control pills, intrauterine devices (IUDs),
condoms, and surgical procedures such as sterilization.
Furthermore, some contraceptive contraceptive benefits,
such methods offer non- managing menstrual as
irregularities or alleviating certain health conditions.
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Conceptual Framework
This study was anchored to the Social Ecological
Model. Social Ecological Model emphasizes the interplay
between individual, interpersonal, community, and
societal factors in shaping health behaviors. Reluctant
to use contraceptives may be influence by factors at
multiple levels, including individual beliefs,
interpersonal relationships, community norm, and societal
structures.
Specifically, the study determines the profile of
the respondents, which includes their age, sex, marital
status, and economic status, the factors influencing the
reluctance of the use of contraceptives among the
selected mothers, and the significant between the
profile.
Age. This refers to the number of years the
respondents are living since birth. The present study
delves to know if there is an existing difference in
using contraceptives.
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Sex. This refers to the respondents' biological
gender identity (whether a male or a female). The
researchers would like to find if their gender has
difference in using contraceptives. a significant
Marital status. This refers to the condition of
being married single, divorced, widowed, or in another
legally recognized relationship. The researchers would
like to find if their status has a significant difference
in using contraceptives.
Economic status. This refers to the individuals or
families' stability, affordability of contraceptives, and
access to health care. This study would like to aim the
significant between the reluctance contraceptives of the
use of contraceptives.
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Profile of Factors Influencing

Respondents the Reluctance of the
Use of Contraceptives
 Age among the selected
Mother’s in Gigaquit
 Marital status
Surigao del Norte
 Monthly salary 1. Cultural and
Religious belief
2. Knowledge
3. Economic
Figure 1. The Schematic Diagram of the study
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Statement of the Problem
The goal of this study was to identify the factors
influencing the reluctance of the use of contraceptives
among the selected mother in Gigaquit Surigao del Norte.
Specifically, this seeks to answer the following
questions;
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in
terms of;
1.1 Age
1.2 Marital status;and
1.3 Monthly salary?
2. What is the significance of Information and
Communication Technology in education in terms of;
2.1 Cultural and Religious beliefs
2.2 Knowledge;and
2.3 Economic
3. Is there a significant difference between profile of
respondents and the Factors Influencing the reluctance of
the use of Contraceptives?
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Hypothesis
With 0.05 level of significance, it is hypothesized
that:
HO¹: There is no significant relationship between the
profile of the respondents and the Factors Influencing
the reluctance of the of Contraceptives.
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Significance of the Study
The Findings of this study will benefit the followings:
Parents. The results of this study will aim to
inform parents about the factors influencing the
reluctance of the of contraceptives among the selected
mothers in Gigaquit Surigao del Norte. Also helping them
to have more open and informed discussions about sexual
health and family planning.
Schools. The results of this study will help to
school inform comprehensive sex education programs in
school by addressing misconceptions and concerns,
ensuring that students have accurate information about
contraception.
Health personnel. The results of this study will
help health personnel to improve their counseling
strategies and become aware of the common reasons for
reluctance. Also, it will serve as a resource for getting
information about the reluctance to use contraception.
Future researcher. The results of this study will help
future researchers be guided in their studies related to
our research. Also, it will serve as a source of
information about the reluctance to use contraceptives.
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Scope and Limitation of the Study
Focus. The focus of this study is to determine the
Factors Influencing the Reluctance of the use of
Contraceptives among the selected mothers in Gigaquit
Surigao del Norte.
Respondents. The respondents of this study will the
mothers who are not using contraceptives.
Place and Time. This study will be conducted in
Brgy. Anibongan, Gigaquit Surigao del Norte.
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Definition of Terms
Awareness – This term refers to the extent to which
mother are informed and knowledgeable about the different
contraceptive methods available them.
Contraceptives – This terms refers to the methods
and devices used to prevent or reduce the likelihood of
pregnancy. These can include birth control pills,
condoms, intrauterine devices (IUD’s), and various other
options.
Cultural and Religious beliefs – This term refers to
the impact of cultural and religious values and practices
of mothers on their decision t use or avoid contraceptive
method.
Reluctance – This term refers to hesitation or
unwillingness to use of contraceptives.
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CHAPTER 2
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research design,
respondents of the study, research instrument, data
gathering procedure, and data analysis.
Research Design
The study utilized quantitative descriptive
research design using the survey method. These are the
most appropriate for it describe the factor influencing
the reluctance of the use of contraceptives among the
selected mothers in Gigaquit, Surigao del Norte. And
seeks to determine the relationship between the factors
influencing and their profile.
A descriptive survey design was used in the present
study where questionnaire was either utilized to measure
the level of burnout among the students. Descriptive
research in quantitative studies describes individuals,
events, or conditions as they naturally occur
(Siedlecki, 2020. It is a non-experimental design
variable. that dos not manipulate any variable.
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Research Locale
This study was conducted in the barangay Anibongan,
Villaflor, Mahanub, and San Isidro in the Municipality of
Gigaquit, Surigao City, Philippines. It is composed ofo
55 mothers using contraceptives and 6 mothers did not.
The study focuses on the factor influencing the use of
contraceptives among the selected mothers in Gigaquit,
Surigao del Norte.
Research Respondents
The center of Gigaquit Surigao del Norte
participated in this study as respondents. Researchers
observed that most of the barangay Anibongan, Vilaflor,
Mahanub and San Isidro Gigaquit Surigao del Norte have
faced various forms of awareness and that most of them
are seriously impacted by delinquent behavior. The
systemathic sampling method was employed by the
researcher as a basis for choosing the respondents for
the study..
Research Instrument
A researcher was made in this study to determine the
factors influencing the reluctance of the use of
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contraceptives among selected mother. The survey
questionnaire is divided into two parts: the first part
contains the demographic profile of the respondents,
which include their age, sex, marital status, and
economic. The second portion of the questionnaire will
focus on the respondent’s knowledge and awareness of
using contraceptives. This question will require
respondents to select 1 to 4 ratings: strongly agree,
agree, disagree, and strogly disagree.
Preparation of Instrument. The researchers read
different studies related to the focus of the study. This
served as the basis in crafting the content of the
instrument.
Validity. The adviser and thesis instructor/s
received a draft of the instrument for their comments and
suggestions. Another written communication has been d
elivered to the 3 chosen experts to further validate the
research questionnaire.
Reliability. In this study, Cronbach’s alpha was
employed to measure the internal consistency of the
researcher-made questionnaire.
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Table 1.
Researcher-made Questionnaire Internal Consistency and

validity of the researcher-made questionnaire.
Components No. of items Cronbach’s Interpretation

Alpha
Cultural and 5 .136 Aware

Religious
belief
Knowledge 5 .538 Aware
Economic 5 .587 Aware
The table shows the Internal Consistency and
Validity of the researcher-made questionnaire, as to
Cultural and Religious belief of 5 items (a=0.136), the
knowledge susscale consisted of 5 items (a=0.138), and
Economic subscale of 5 items (a=0.587)
Table 2. Parameters of Limits
Scale Interval Verbal Qualitative

Interpretation Description
4 3.25-4.00 Strongly Agree Very
Influential
(VI)
3 2.11-3.24 Agree Somewhat
Influential
(SI)
2 1.40-2.10 Disagree Slightly
Influental (SI)
1 1.00-1.39 Strongly Disagree Not Influential
(NI)
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Data Gathering Procedure
The researchers will send letters of validations,
approval for administration, approval from the
participants and approval from concerned agency or unit.
Researcher will administer the questionnaire on agreed
schedule date given by the respondents of the study. The
retrieval of questionnaire will done after 2 days of
giving deadlines to the respondents. The responses will
be tallied, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted.
Data Analysis
The data collected was evaluated using the
statistical methods listed below.
Frequency Count and Percentage. These strategies
were used to determine the respondent’s profile; age,
Marital status, and Monthly salary.
Weighted Mean and Standard Deviation. This research
tool will be used to determine the factors influencing
the reluctance of the use of contraceptives among the
selected mother in terms of Cultural and Reigious
beliefs, Knowledge, and Economic.
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One-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). This research
tool woll be used to determine the significant between
profile of respondents and the factors influencing the
reluctance of the use of contraceptives.
CHAPTER 3
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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This chapter presents the result and analysis and

their corresponding discussions were presented according
to the order of the problem in the Chapter.
Table 3.
Profile of the Respondents
Group F %
Age
18 to 25 8 26.7
26 to 30 5 16.7
31 to 35 8 26.7
36 to 40 5 16.7
41 to 50 4 13.3
Marital
status
Single 7 23.3
Engaged 4 13.3
Married 18 60.0
Divorced 1 3.3
Widowed 0 0
Monthly
salary
10,000 below 18 60.0
11,000-20,000 8 26.7
21,000-30,000 2 6.7
31,000-40,000 0 0
41,000-50,000 2 6.7
Table 3 presents the respondent’s profile in terms
of Age, Marital status, and Monthly salary. As to age, 8
with 26.7% wre to 18 to 25 years old; 8 with 26.7% were
31 to 35 years old; 5 with 16.7% were 26 to 30 years old;
5 with 16.7% were 36 to 40 years old; 4 with 13.3% were
41 to 50 years old.
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As to Marital status, 18 with 60% married; with
23.3% were single; 4 with 13.3% were Engaged; 1 with with
3.3% were divorced and 0 with 0% were widowed.
As to monthly salary, 18 with 60% were 10,000 below;
8 with 26.7% were 11,000 to 20,000; 2 with 6.6% were
other specify and 0 with 0% were 31,000 to 40,000.
Table 4.
Significance of Information and Communication Technology
in Education as Perceived by the Students of Gigaquit
National School of Home Industries
Indicators Mean SD VI QD
Cultural and Religious

belief
1.My religion forbids the
use of any family planning 2.70 .952 Agree Somewhat
method. Influential
2.I am afraid of using
planning because it is a 2.43 1.040 Agree Somewhat
sin against nature. Influential
3.My culture may place a

high value on a large 2.33 1.061 Agree Somewhat
families or view Influential
contraceptives use as
immoral.
4.My culture may view
menstruation as a natural Somewhat
cleansing process and 2.77 .828 Agree Influential
discourage the use of
contraceptives that
interfere with thi process.
5.Birth control methods 2.33
provide more sexual freedom Somewhat
than natural one. .959 Agree Influential
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Aver 2.41 0.66 Agree Somewhat

age Influential
Knowledge
1.Some mothers may not
use contraceptives 2.53 1.074 Somewhat
Agree
because they desire to Influential
have another child.
2.Use of contraceptives
is only important for 2.50 1.009 Somewhat
Agree
adolescent having sex. Influential
3.The us eof
contraceptives might 2.57 .971 Somewhat
Agree
cause harm to the Influential
reproductive organ.
4.Some methods require
minor surgery to insert 2.37 .928 Somewhat
Agree
or remove. Influential
5. I am afraid of te sde
effects of birth control 2.30 1.179 Somewhat
Agree
pills such as headaches Influential
2.45 0.77 Agree Somewhat

Average Influential
Economic
1.Some birth control

pill are expensive and 2.63 .928 Agree Somewhat
not reliable. Influential
2.I cannot afford to
avail some family Agree Somewhat
palnning methods because 2.43 .728 Influential
they are not free for
all.
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3.The family planning

clinici is far from 2.20 .887 Agree Somewhat
where I live. Influential
4.I am unable to request
contraceptives pills due 2.27 .828 Agree Somewhat
to lack of supply from Influential
help facility.
5.Half of my household 2.37 1.245
budget is allocated to Agree Somewhat
my family’s basic needs. Influential
2.41 0.65 Agree Somewhat

Average Influential
Table 4 showed the Factors Influencing the
Reluctance of the use of contraceptives among the
selected Mothers in Gigaquit Surigao del Norte. The data
showed that the mothers in the Gigaquit were high of the
provisions as to Cultural and Religious Belief,
Knowledge, and Economic.
On the provisions of cultural and religion belief,
the data revealed that the majority of the respondents
were high (M:2.41, SD:0.65). This means that the religion
forbids the use of any family planning method (M:2.70,
SD:0.952); using of contraceptives might cause harm to
the reproductive organ (M:2.57, SD:0.971), some birth
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control pill are expensive and not reliable (M:2.63,
SD:0.928).
The influence of Christian religion on modern
contraceptive use among women has been a subject of
extensive research. Several studies have highlighted the
impact of religion contraceptive practices. affiliation
and involvement on For instance, emphasized the influence
of religion, particularly Christian denomination on
contraceptive usage (Monjok et al., 2010).
Table 5
Difference in the Factors Influencing the Reluctance of
the use of Contraceptives among the Selected Mother by
the Students when respondents are grouped according to
their age, marital status, and mothly salary.
PROFILE FACTORS F SIG DECISION DIFFERNCE
AGE Cultural Accept Insignicant

and Ho
1.932 .136
Religious
belief
Knowledge Accept Insignificant

1.964 .131
Ho
Economic Reject Significant

3.028 .036
Ho
MARITAL Cultural .114 .951 Accept Insignificant
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STATUS and Ho
Religious
belief

.931 .440
Ho
Economic Accept Insignificant

.740 .538
Ho
MONTHLY Cultural Accept Insignificant

SALARY and Ho
2.822 .059
Religious
belief

.782 .515
Ho
Economic Accept Insignificant

.656 .587
Ho
Table 5 shows the significant difference in the
factors influencing the reluctance of the use of
contraceptives among the selected mothers in the
Gigaquit, Surigao del Norte when respondents are grouped
according to profile.
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As to age, there was no significant difference in
the responses of the respondents when grouped according
to their age. This only mean that regardless of their
age, it does not affect influencing the reluctance
contraceptives. of using However, under the economic
there was significant difference in the influenced of the
reluctance of using contraceptives when grouped according
to their age.
As to marital status, there was no significant
difference in the responses of the respondents when
grouped that according to their marital status. This only
mean regardless to their marital status, it does not
affect their reluctance of using contraceptives.
As to monthly salary, there was no significant
difference in the responses according to their monthly
salary. This means that regardless their monthly salary
does not affect their influence the reluctance of using
contraceptives.
Chapter 4
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION
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This chapter contains the summary, findings,
conclusions, and recommendation of the study. The
conclusions are based on the results of the study, the
various suggested recommendations are based on the
findings and conclusion of the study.
Summary
This research aimed to find out the Factors
Influencing the Reluctance of the use of Contraceptives
among the Selected Mother in Gigaquit Surigao del Norte.
This research sought to answer the title factors
influencing the reluctance as to Cultural and Religious
belief, Knowledge, and Economic and also the influential
difference when they are grouped by age, marital status,
and monthly salary. The researchers utilized the
descriptive survey design and administered the tool 30
selected mothers in Gigaquit Surigao del Norte that were
gathered and tabulated.
Based on the result of the study, the following
findings were formulated.
1. As to the profile of the respondents, most number
was 18 (60.0%) were married, followed by 23
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single 23.7%. as to age, 18 to 25 and 31 to 35
years old had the highest number of respondents
comprising the 8 or 26.7%; the least number had
the age 41 to 50 with 4 or 13.3%. As to monthly
salary, 10,000 below had the highest number of
respondents with 18 or 60.0%, while 31,000 to
40,000 had the lowest number of respondents with
0 or 0%.
2. As to the factors Influencing the Reluctance of
the of Contraceptives among the Selected Mothers
in Gigaquit, Surigao del Norte, respondents were
agreed of all the provisions including: Cultural
and Religious belief (M:2.41, SD:0.66); Knowledge
(M:2.45, SD:0.77); and Economic (M:2.38,
SD:0.53).
Conclusion
Based on the findings of the study, the conclusions
were drawn.
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1. The Factors Influencing the reluctance of
using contraceptives among Mothers in Gigaquit,
Surigao del Norte are the Cultural and Religious
belief, economic and their knowledge.
2. The study also revealed that the economic
influence differs reluctance of using
contraceptives were affected by their age.
Recommendations
Guided by the findings and conclusions of the study,
the followings conveys were forward as recommendations.
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1.Health personnel should develop educational program
that respect and integrate local culture and religious
belief regarding family planning. Engage community
leaders and religious authorities to endorse the
importance of maternal health and family planning within
the context of existing beliefs.
2. School should foster community dialogue on the
benefits of family planning and maternal health,
involving men, women, and youth. This can help dispel
myths, address misconception and promote shared decision-
making within families.
3. Future researchers should conduct further research to
understand the specific local factors influencing
contraceptives reluctance and its impact. This can guide
the development of targeted interventions and
policies,benefiting future researchers and policymakers.
References
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GIGAQUIT NATIONAL SCHOOL OF HOME INDUSTRIES

Alambique, Gigaquit Surigao Del Norte

Factors Influencing the Reluctance of the Use of

THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the introduction, conceptual

framework, statement of the problem, hypothesis,

significance of the study, scope and limitiation of the

study, and definition of terms.

Contraceptives encompass a range of methods and

devices designed to prevent pregnancy by inhibiting of a

fertilized the implantation of a conception or impeding

the implantation of a fertilized egg. The primary goal is

to provide individuals and couples and control with the

means to plan and and control their reproductive choices

effectively. The benefits of contraceptives extend beyond

family planning. They empower individuals to make

informed decisions about when and if to have children,

promoting responsible parenthood. This, in turn, can

contribute to improved maternal and child health by

spacing pregnancies appropriately. Contraceptives also

play a crucial role in reducing pregnancies, reducing the

risk of preventing unintended pregnancies, unsafe

Factors Influencing the Reluctance of the Use of

abortions, and allowing individuals to pursue education

and career goals. The issue on the use of contraception

has long been a topic of paramount importance in public

particularly in low-resource settings. According to

survey conducted among heterosexual women in Southeast

Asia in 2023, almost 70 percent of the respondents had

not used any contraceptive method before. According to a

survey in 2022 among married women in the Philippines,

about 41.7 percent of respondents stated that they were

not currently using any modern contraceptives method.

Conversely, the same proportion of interviewed women

stated that they were not currently using any birth

control methods . In the Context of Gigaquit small but

vibrant community in the Philippines, the Gigaquit faced

the reluctance use of contraceptives in baranggay

Anibongan, Villaflor, Mahanub, and San Isidro were

mothers are not using. Understanding the factors that

influence the reluctance of contraceptive use among

selected mothers is essential. This research seeks to

delve into the multifaceted aspects surrounding the

decision-making process of these mothers, shedding light

on the sociocultural, economic, and healthcare-related

factors that play a pivotal role in choices. By

Factors Influencing the Reluctance of the Use of

unraveling the shaping their underlying determinants of

contraceptive reluctance, this study aims to inform and

empower healthcare providers, policymakers, and community

leaders to develop tailored interventions that promote

reproductive health and family planning within Gigaquit

and similar communities.

The World Health Organization defines adolescents

as people ranging from 10 to 19 years of age when young

individuals transit into adulthood (WHO, 2014). Curtis

(2015) defines adolescence as years between the onset of

puberty and establishment of social independence. Sexual

and reproductive health is an important issue to every