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Drawing Lecture 03

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19 views7 pages

Drawing Lecture 03

Uploaded by

abdullahalmahmudnaim146
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lecture 3

Projection of Solids

Introduction:
A solid has three dimensions, the length, breadth and thickness or height. A solid may be
represented by orthographic views, the number of which depends on the type of solid and its
orientation with respect to the planes of projection.
Solids are classified into two major groups. (i) Polyhedra, and (ii) Solids of revolution.

Polyhedra:
Polyhedra is defmed as a solid bounded by plane surfaces called faces. They are:
(i) Regular polyhedra (ii) Prisms and (iii) Pyramids.

Regular Polyhedra
A polyhedron is said to be regular if its surfaces are regular polygons. The following are
some of the regular plolyhedra.

Fig. 6.1

(a) Tetrahedron: It consists of four equal faces, each one being a equilateral triangle.
(b) Hexa hedron(cube): It consists of six equal faces, each a square.
(c) Octahedron: It thas eight equal faces, each an equilateral triangle.
(d) Dodecahedron: It has twelve regular and equal pentagonal faces.
(e) Icosahedron: It has twenty equal, equilateral triangular faces.
Prisms:
A prism is a polyhedron having two equal ends called the bases parallel to each other. The
two bases are joined by faces, which are rectangular in shape. The imaginary line passing
through the centres of the bases is called the axis of the prism.

Pyramids

A pyramid is a polyhedron having one base, with a number of isosceles triangular faces,
meeting at a point called the apex. The imaginary line passing through the centre of the base
and the apex is called the axis of the pyramid.
Solids of Revolution

If a plane surface is revolved about one of its edges, the solid generated is called a solid of
revolution. The examples are (i) Cylinder, (ii) Cone, (iii) Sphere.
It is necessary to define the projection view for observing the visibility of a certain spatial
object. In Monge's projection there are:
 top view is a view from above,
 front view is a view from the front.

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