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Tutorial 1 CHEM THERMO

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9 views2 pages

Tutorial 1 CHEM THERMO

Uploaded by

kumarsuman7089
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Department of Chemistry, IIT Kharagpur

CY11003

Tutorial 1:
1. Express a pressure of 222 atm in Pascal, bar, dyne/cm2, and Torr units.
2. Express 1 joule in dm3 atm, litre-atm, cm3 atm, and cal units.
3. The value of the universal gas constant R is 8.314 J K-1mol-1. Express R in dm3 atm K-1 mol-1,
dm3 bar K-1 mol-1, Pa m3 K-1 mol-1, dm3 Torr K-1 mol-1, cal K-1 mol-1 units.
4. (a) What is the total differential of z = x2 + 2y2 – 2xy + 2x – 4y – 8? (b) Show that 2z/yx =
2z/xy for this function. (c) Let z = xy – y + ln x + 2. Find dz and show that it is exact.
5. This problem will give you practice in using the cyclic rule. Use the ideal gas law to obtain the
three functions

Show that the cyclic rule

is obeyed.

6. An average man weighs about 70 kg and produces about 10 460 kJ of heat per day. (a). Suppose
that a man was an isolated system and that his heat capacity was 4.18 J K-1 g-1; if his temperature
were 37 °C at a given time, what would be his temperature 24 h later? (b). A man is in fact an
open system, and the main mechanism for maintaining his temperature constant is evaporation
of water. If the enthalpy of vaporization of water at 37 °C is 43.4 kJ mol-1, how much water
needs to be evaporated per day to keep the temperature constant?

7. When 229 J of energy is supplied as heat to 3.0 mol Ar(g) at 1 atm, the temperature of the
sample increases by 2.55 K. Calculate the molar heat capacities at constant volume and constant
pressure of the gas.

8. Calculate ΔH and ΔU for the transformation of one mole of an ideal gas from 27.0 ºC and
1.00 atm to 327 ºC and 17.0 atm if
9. A sample of 2.00 mol CH3OH(g) is condensed isothermally and reversibly to liquid at 64C.
The standard enthalpy of vaporization of methanol at 64C is 35.3 kJ mol–1. Find w, q, ΔU, and
ΔH for this process.

10. A sample consisting of 1 mol of perfect gas atoms (for which CV,m = 3/2R) is taken through the
cycle shown in the following Figure. Calculate q, w, ΔU, and ΔH for each step and for the
overall cycle. Determine the temperature at the points 1, 2, and 3.

11. For each of the following processes, deduce whether the quantities q, w, U, and H are
positive, negative or zero – (a) Reversible melting of ice at 1 atm and 0 C (b) Reversible
adiabatic expansion of a perfect gas (c) Adiabatic expansion of a perfect gas into a vacuum
(Joule experiment) (d) Reversible heating of a perfect gas at a constant pressure.

12. For air at temperatures near 25°C and pressures in the range 0 to 50 bar, the µJT values are all
reasonably close to 0.2 °C/bar. Estimate the final temperature of the gas if 58 g of air at 25°C
and 50 bar undergoes a Joule–Thomson throttling to a final pressure of 1 bar.

13. One mole of He gas with CV,m = 3R/2 essentially independent of temperature expands reversibly
from 24.6 L and 300 K to 49.2 L. Calculate the final pressure and temperature if the expansion
is (a) isothermal; (b) adiabatic. (c) Sketch these two processes on a P-V diagram.

14. The isothermal compressibility of copper at 293 K is 7.35 × 10-7 atm-1. Calculate the change in
pressure that must be applied in order to increase its density by 0.08 %.

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