CHAPTER 9

PLACE VALUE CHART

Compendium

1. Introduction to Place Value

2. Comparing Numbers
3. Formation of Numbers with the Given Digits
4. Indian and International Numeral System
5. Roman Numerals
6. Bird’s Eye View
7. Practice Yourself
8. Solutions

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1. Introduction

Place Value:

This can be defined as the value represented by a digit in a number

on the basis of its position in the number.
Place value shows the correct position/place of a digit in a number.
Place value charts are used to check the position of digits in a
number.
For example:
In 24653, 2 is in ten thousands place and its place value is 20,000.
4 is in thousands place and its place value is 4,000.
6 is in hundreds place and its place value is 600.
5 is in tens place and its place value is 50.
3 is in ones place and its place value is 3.
Understanding the place value of digits helps in writing numbers in
their expanded form. For example, the expanded form of the
number above, 24653 is 20,000 + 4,000 + 600 + 50 + 3.
The place value of a digit increases by ten times as we move left and
decreases by ten times as we move right.

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2. Comparing Numbers

1. Symbol of Comparison

Students use the place value chart to compare the value of each
digit to decide which number is of greater value out of the two or
more given numbers. In the following example, we use the place
value chart to compare 23,502 and 13,420. We represent each
amount on the place value chart. We can tell that 23,502 is larger
because it has more ten thousands.

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Try and learn

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Solution

3. Formation of Numbers with Given Digits:

Numbers may be formed with or without repeating the digits. Let's

observe some of the formations of numbers without the repetition
of digits.

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Formation of two-digit
numbers:
(i) With the digits 2 and 3, the formed numbers are 23 and 32.
(ii) With digits 4 and 1, we may form the numbers 41 and 14.
(iii) With digits 8 and 7, we may form the numbers 87 and 78.
But, with the digit 0 and the digit 8, only the number 80 is formed.
The number 08 is not a two-digit number.
Three-digit numbers from given three digits:
This is simple enough. You arrange the given digits in an ascending
or descending order. The numbers in ascending order give you the
smallest number, and the numbers in reverse order. i.e., descending
order is your biggest number.
For Example, if the three digits are 4,9 and 7
Order: 4 < 7 < 9
Smallest Number: 479
Largest Number: 974
Some more examples are:
(a) The numbers formed by 2, 3, and 4 are:
234, 243, 324, 342, 423, 432.
(b) The numbers formed by 4, 6 and 9 are:
469, 496, 649, 694, 946, 964.
Some numbers formed by 4 digits are given below:
(a) The numbers formed by 1, 2, 3 and 4 are:
1234, 1243, 1324, 1342, 1423, 1432
, 2134, 2143, 2314, 2341, 2413, 2431
, 3124, 3142, 3421, 3412, 3214, 3241
, 4123, 4132, 4213, 4231, 4312, 4321

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Three-digit numbers from given four digits
The same rule will apply, with only one difference. If one of the digits
is 0, then it can not be the first digit of your number while making
the smallest number. Because that will form a two-digit number. Let
us see an example.
The given digits are 5, 0 and 3
Order: 0 < 3 < 5
Smallest Number: It cannot be 035 since this is a two-digit number.
So it is 305. Here we interchange the first two digits.
Largest Number: 530

4. Indian And International Numeral System

The difference between the Indian number system and the

International number system is the placement of the comas. In the
international system, millions are written after thousands, while in
the Indian system, lakhs are written after thousands.
The following table shows the differences in the placement of
commas in Indian as well as the International system of numeration:

For example:
Represent the number 1347823 in the International numeral system
and the Indian numeral system, using commas. How will you read
this number according to both systems?

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Solution:

In the International numeral system, we begin from the right side

and insert commas after every three digits. We divide the number
into periods and read the period separately.
Standard International numeral form: 1,347,823
Number Name: One million, three hundred forty-seven thousand,
eight hundred and twenty-three.
The same given number, 1347823, can be written in the Indian
numeral system in the following way:
Standard Indian numeral form: 13,47,823
Number Name: Thirteen lakh, Forty-seven thousand, eight hundred
and twenty-three.

5. Roman Numerals
Rome is an ancient civilisation which had its own symbols for writing
various numbers. Sometimes, we see these symbols on the faces of
clocks, at the railway and bus stations. We often number our pages
and questions with Roman symbols.
The Romans used seven letters of the English alphabet in place of
numbers. The letters with their corresponding Hindu-Arabic
numerals are given below.
Roman Numerals I V X L C D M
Hindu-Arabic Numbers 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000
Using the above seven symbols, all the numbers were built by
adopting certain mins.
Rule 1. When a smaller number is placed on the right of the bigger
letter, it means addition.
Examples. VI = 5 +1 = 6, LX = 50 + 10 = 60

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Rule 2. Repetition of letters means addition. Some letters are
repeated up to 3 times. The letters I, X, C, and M can be repeated at
one given time.
Examples. II = 1 + 1 = 2; XXX III= 10 + 10 + 10 + 3 = 33

Rule 3. When a smaller letter is placed on the left of the bigger letter,
it means subtraction.
• I can be subtracted from V and X only
Examples. IV = 5 -1 = 4, IX = 10 - 1 = 9
• X can be subtracted from L and C only.
Examples. XL = 50 - 10 = 40, XC = 100 - 10 = 90
• C can be subtracted from D and M only.
Examples. CD = 500 - 100 = 400,
CM = 1000 —100 = 900

Remember this!

The symbol V Is never repeated.

Also It Is never subtracted.
The Value of some numbers can be found by addition. Actually, It Is
like our expanded form.

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Remember this!

When a Roman numeral of small value is put between two numerals

of greater value, it is subtracted from the numeral on its right.
For example, XIX = 10+ 10 -1 = 19,
XXIX = 10 + 10 + (10 - 1) = 29
Defects of the Roman System of Numeration

1. There is no symbol for 0 in the Roman system.

2. The Romans used only seven symbols, which are not sufficient to
write large numbers.
3. We have to use many symbols even to write small numbers, for
example, 8 is written as VIII and 48 as XLVIII.

6. Bird’s-eye view

1. Place value shows the correct position/place of a digit in a number.

2.

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7. Practice Yourself

1. Compare the given numbers

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2. Find the smallest four-digit number using the digits 7,8,9,5 such
that the number thus formed has 9 at its hundreds place and 8
at its one's place.
(a)5978 (b)7598
(c)7958 (d)None of the Above.
3. Make the smallest and largest four-digit number from the
following three numbers – 6, 9 and 4. You can use one-digit twice.
4. What is a digit?
5. Is zero a single-digit number?
6. Rewrite the following numbers in the Indian and International
systems using commas (,):
(a) 74028952 (b) 1835762
7. Rewrite the number 2687393 by placing the commas as per the
Indian numeral system.
8. What is the place name of the underlined digit?
4569023
9. Arrange the given numbers in ascending order.
(a) 58,992; 59,228; 8,59,992; 1,54,992
(b) 7,96,441; 8,96,441; 7,99,641; 8,59,821
(c) 6,89,774; 6,78,940; 7,18,444; 5,68,710
10. Arrange the given numbers in descending order.
(a) 71, 800; 40,875; 72,984; 6,98,504
(b) 8,63,019; 8,60,548; 8,65,881; 8,59,004
(c) 6,30,062; 1,63,050; 8,39,035; 5,69,204
11. Write the Roman Numerals for the following numbers:
(a) 6 (b) 17 (c) 28 (d) 24
(e) 18 (f) 22 (g) 29 (h) 30

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12. Arrange the given Roman numerals in ascending order.
(a) VII, II, XIV, X (b) VI, IX, III, VIII

1. Make the biggest number using the digits 7, 0, 6, 3, 1, 8 and 6, 0,

3, 0, 9, 1.
2. Compare the numbers and identify which one is greater.
3. Given below is the number of people going to the three shopping
malls in a year. Identify and tell which mall received the greatest
number of visitors and which mall received the least number of
visitors.
a. Mall X - 9,02,200
b. Mall Y – 7,99,200
c. Mall Z – 9,18,700
4. The population of a city is 2532760. Write the number in words.
5. Write the number of four-digit numbers formed using 0, 1, 2, 3.
6. Instead of putting a comma, we can ______ to separate the
periods.
(A) put a hyphen (B) leave space
(C) put a full stop (D) put brackets
7. Draw a place value chart for 2, 00, 222.
(A) Lakhs period - 2, Thousands period - 00, Ones period - 222.
(B) Lakhs period - 2, Thousands period - 22, Ones period - 222.
(C) Lakhs period - 2, Thousands period - 02, Ones period - 222.
(D) Lakhs period - 2, Thousands period - 02, Ones period - 22.

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8. Which number is one thousand more than 12223?
9. How many thousands make 5 lakhs?
(A) 5 (B) 5000
(C)50 (D)500
10. What is the greatest 4-digit number formed using different digits
with 6 in the tens place?
(A) 9876 (B) 9867
(C) 9687 (D) 6987
11. Find the sum of all the three-digit numbers that can be formed
using each of the digits 1,3 and 4.
12. There are __________ number of days in January.
(a) XXVIII (b) XXXI (c) XXIX (d) XXX
13. What should be subtracted from XXXIX to get IX?
(a) X (b) XXx (c) XXI (d) IX

8. Solutions

Novice level

1. (a)76 > 67 (b)86 > 81 (c)65 > 62

(d)18 > 12 (e)36 > 35 (f) 45 > 43
2. 5978
3. 4469, 9964
4. It refers to a single symbol that we use to make numerals. Such as
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are the ten common digits we use in
everyday numerals. E.g., the numeral 63 is made up of two
numerals that are 6 and 3.

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5. Zero or '0' is clearly a one-digit number because there is a strange
conventional exception in the rules for the positional notation
that states that you can leave all the leading zeroes from any
number, except number zero.
6. (a)Indian system: 7,40,28,952 International system: 74,028,952
(b) 1835762 Indian system: 18,35,762 International system:
1,835,762
7. 26,87,393
8. Hundred - Thousand
9. (a) 58,992; 59,228; 1,54,992; 8,59,992;
(b) 7,96,441; 7,99,641; 8,59,821; 8,96,441;
(c) 5,68,710; 6,78,940; 6,89,774; 7,18,444;
10. (a) 6,98,504; 72,984; 71, 800; 40,875; `
(b) 8,65,881; 8,63,019; 8,60,548; 8,59,004
(c) 8,39,035; 6,30,062; 5,69,204; 1,63,050
11. (a) VI (b) XVII (c) XXVIII (d) XXIV
(e) XVIII (f) XXII (g) XXIX (h) XXX
12. (a) II, VII, X, XIV (b) III, VI, VIII, IX

Advance level

1. 876310 and 963100

2. 8,76,310 < 9,63,100
3. Greatest number of visitors in Mall Z - 9,18,700
Least number of visitors in Mall Y i- 7,99,200
4. Two million five hundred thirty-two thousand seven hundred
sixty

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5. 1023, 1032, 1203, 1230, 1302, 1320, 2013, 2031, 2103, 2130, 2301, 2310,
3012, 3021, 3102, 3120, 3201, 3210
6. Leave Space
7. Lakhs period - 2, Thousands period - 00, Ones period - 222.
8. 13223
9. 5 lakhs = 500000 = 500 thousands
10. 9867
11. 1776
12. (b) XXXI
13. (ii) XXX

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