Functions as

Representations of
Real-life situations
G11- General Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Week 2
For a relation to become a function, the
value of the domain must correspond to a
single value of the range. There is the input
and the output relationship.
1. Mark went to 8-12 store to buy some soda. He puts money,
punches a specific button, then the soda drops from the slot
machine. What is the function rule?
2. Mr. Marquez, a Mathematics teacher asked his students to measure
the diameter and circumference of several round containers or lids
and record that data in a table. What do you think they would
discover and what is the function rule?
3. Margareth is being paid ₱ 50.00 per hour in doing a certain job.
Working 5 days a week for 8 hours per day, she’s able to received ₱
2,000 per week. How do you the situation illustrate a function?
4. To measure the height of a Narra tree, a group of Senior High
School students measure its shadow using a meter stick. How do
you think functions can be applied in the situation?
1. Mark went to 8-12 store to buy some soda. He puts money,
punches a specific button, then the soda drops from the slot
machine. What is the function rule?

Answer:
The function rule in the first situation is the product price. The input
(domain) is the money used by Mark combined with selected button
while the output (range) is the product. This also shows a one-to-one
correspondence where a specific amount corresponds to a specific
product.
2. Mr. Marquez, a Mathematics teacher asked his students to measure
the diameter and circumference of several round containers or lids and
record that data in a table. What do you think they would discover and
what is the function rule?

Answer:
The diameter is the input while the circumference is the output.
As they divide each circumference by its diameter they would notice a
constant ratio which is a rough approximation of pi.
3. Margareth is being paid ₱ 50.00 per hour in doing a certain job.
Working 5 days a week for 8 hours per day, she’s able to received ₱
2,000 per week. How do you the situation illustrate a function?

Answer:
A weekly salary is a function of the hourly pay rate and the
number of hours worked. This function was being illustrated by the
third situation where Margareth was being paid for her doing a specific
job. This could also illustrate a many-to-one relationship where the
employees (domain) including Margareth is receiving the same amount
of salary (range).
4. To measure the height of a Narra tree, a group of Senior High School
students measure its shadow using a meter stick. How do you think
functions can be applied in the situation?

Answer:
The length of a shadow is a function of its height and the time of
day. This is what the group of students applied to measure the height
of the Narra tree. The same function rule (ratio) by which we compare
the length of an upright ruler to its shadow will help us find the
unknown input (the height of the large object) when we measure its
shadow.
The Function Machine
Let’s try to create equations using the following situations.

A. If height (H) is a function of age (a), give a function H that can represent
the height of a person in a age, if every year the height is added by 2
inches.
Let’s try to create equations using the following situations.

B. If distance (D) is a function of time (t), give a function D that can represent
the distance a car travels in t time, if every hour the car travels 60
kilometers.
Let’s try this!

A user is charge₱300 monthly for a mobile plan,

which includes 100 free text messages. Messages
more than 100 are charged ₱1 each. Represent
the amount of a consumer pays each month as a
function of the number of messages m sent in a
month.
PIECEWISE FUNCTION
➢A function in which more than one formula is used to define the
output. Each formula has its own domain, and the domain of the
function is the union of all these smaller domains.
Example 1

A user is charge₱300 monthly for a mobile plan, which includes 100 free text
messages. Messages more than 100 are charged ₱1 each. Represent the
amount of a consumer pays each month as a function of the number of
messages m sent in a month.

Solution: Let 𝑡(𝑚) represent the amount paid by the consumer each month. It can
be expressed by the piece-wise function.
Example 2

.
Example 3

.
Example 4
A jeepney ride cost ₱8 for the first 4km, and each additional kilometer
adds ₱1.50 to the fare. Use a piecewise function to represent the
jeepney fare in terms of the distance d in kilometer.

Solution:
The input value is distance, and the output is the cost of the
jeepney fare. If 𝑓(𝑑) represents the far as a function of distance,
the function can be represented as follows:
8 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑑 ≤ 4
𝐹(𝑑) =
8 + 1.5𝑑 𝑖𝑓 d > 4
Let’s try this!
Mathematical Sentence Expressed as INEQUALITY
1. Set of numbers that are all greater than 5 X>5
2. Numbers that are equal to 5 or greater than 5 x≥ 5
3. Numbers greater than 5 but less than 7 5<x<7
4. Numbers equal to or greater than 5 and less
5≤x<7
than 7
5. Numbers equal to or greater than 5 and less
5≤x≤ 7
than or equal to 7.
6. Set of number that includes all real numbers
x < 5 or x > 5
except 5
7. all numbers less than or equal to 5 and also
those numbers that are greater than 7 but less X ≤ 5 or 7 < x ≤ 12
than or equal to 12