Document No.

: NT/G/MT/AWS
Revision No. : 4
Issued No. : 1
th
Issued Date : 30 December 2021

TESTING PROCEDURE

MAGNETIC TESTING

APPROVAL
NAME DESIGNATION DATE
AUTHORITY

Operations
Prepared by 30/12/2021
Director

Mohd Diah Baba

Reviewed and
NDT Level III 30/12/2021
Approved by

Saharudin Kambari

THIS DOCUMENT PRESCRIBES COMPANY PRACTICE AND IS FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY. IT SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED IN WHOLE OR IN PARTS
OR RELEASED TO A THIRD PARTY WITHOUT PRIOR CONSENT FROM THE HEAD OF RESPONSIBLE DIVISION
 Document No. : NT/G/MT/AWS
Revision No. : 4
Issued No. : 1
th
Issued Date : 30 December 2021

MAGNETIC TESTING

CLAUSE TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE

1.0 Scope 1

2.0 Reference Code and Standard 1

3.0 Definition 1

4.0 Types of Welds / Items 1

5.0 Equipment 1

6.0 Equipment Calibration 2

7.0 Consumables 2

8.0 Surface Preparation 2

9.0 Inspection Method 3

10.0 Magnetization Technique 3

11.0 Magnetic Flux Indicator 4

12.0 Demagnetization 4

13.0 View Conditioning 4

14.0 Interpretation and Evaluation 4

15.0 Acceptance 5

16.0 Reports 5

MT Examination Report Format Attachment 1

 Document No. : NT/G/MT/AWS
Revision No. : 4
Issued No. : 1
th
Issued Date : 30 December 2021

MAGNETIC TESTING

1.0 Scope
1.1 This procedure describes the technique of magnetic particle examination on ferromagnetic
materials.
1.2 This procedure covers for magnetic particle examination method to detect cracks and others
discontinuities on or near the surface of butt welds, fillet welds, back gouged area and parent
materials of carbon steel material.

2.0 Reference Codes and Standards

The following codes and standards shall form parts of the requirement of this procedure whichever is
applicable.

2.1 ASTM E709 (2021 Edition): Magnetic Particle Testing

2.2 AWS D1.1 (2020 Edition): Structural Welding Code – Steel.
2.3 ASME Section V (2021 Edition): Non-Destructive Examination – Article 7.

3.0 Definition
NDT: Non-Destructive Testing.
AWS: American Welding Society.
ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials.
ASME: American Society of Mechanical Engineer.
ASNT: American Society Non-Destructive Testing.
PCN: Personnel Certification in Non-Destructive Testing
CSWIP: Certification Scheme of Welding and Inspection Personnel.

4.0 Types of Welds / Items

Butt Weld, Groove Weld and Fillet Weld of any ferromagnetic materials / casting materials.

5.0 Equipment
5.1 Electro – Magnetic Yoke
 Brand: Magnaflux (Model: Y-6 or Y-1)
 A/C Current Magnetization (13 Amp / 240 V)
5.2 Permanent – Magnetic Yoke
 Brand: Magnaflux (Model: Y-5)

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 Document No. : NT/G/MT/AWS
Revision No. : 4
Issued No. : 1
th
Issued Date : 30 December 2021

MAGNETIC TESTING

6.0 Equipment Calibration

The magnetizing force of a magnetic yoke shall be calibrated at least once a year or whenever it has been
damaged or repair.

6.1 Calibration Procedure

 Adjust the pole at maximum spacing i.e. 150 mm.
 Place the yoke on the calibrated dead weight block, 10 lb (4.5 kg) for A/C Yoke and 40 lb (18
kg) for permanent magnet yoke.
 Energize the A/C Yoke or engage the permanent yoke and slowly lift the dead weight block for
10 seconds.
 Observe the yoke shall be capable to lift the dead weights as specified by code and standard.

6.2 The requirement of Alternating Current Electromagnetic

The yoke shall have a lifting power of at least 10 Ib (4.5 kg) at the maximum pole spacing i.e. 150
mm.

6.3 The requirement of Permanent Magnetic

The Yoke shall have a lifting power of at least 40 Ib (18 kg) at the maximum pole spacing i.e. 150
mm.

7.0 Consumables
The chemicals used as detecting media shall comply with SE 709, Standard Recommended Practice for
MPI. The following chemicals shall be used for testing.

Type / Brand MAGNAFLUX SHERWIN

Cleaning Solvent SKC-S DR-60
White Contrast Background WCP-2 CP-2
Black Magnetic Particle Ink 7HF BO-1
Fluorescent Magnetic Particle Ink 14AM GLO-NETIC

8.0 Surface Preparation

8.1 Prior to Magnetic Particle examination, the surface to be examined and all adjacent areas within of
least 25 mm shall be dry and free from of all dirt, grease or etc.
8.2 Painted parts shall be tested only the paint from a thin, coherent coating, tightly adhering to the
surface and not thicker than 50 micrometers.
8.3 Loose rust and loose scale shall be removed and cleaned.

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 Document No. : NT/G/MT/AWS
Revision No. : 4
Issued No. : 1
th
Issued Date : 30 December 2021

MAGNETIC TESTING

9.0 Inspection Method

All inspections shall be conducted with the wet method where is applicable and alternate dry method shall
be approved by client on case by case basis.

9.1 Wet Method

A uniform layer of thin coating of White Contrast medium shall be applied to the surface by spraying
and then allowed to dry sufficiently. Spraying shall normally be done at 15 – 30 cm distance. Then,
apply the magnetization unit and during the process apply the Black Magnetic Ink suspension onto
tested part. Simultaneously observation shall be done carefully to visualize any presence of crack or
surface discontinuity. Wet method shall normally be performed to surfaces where temperature does
not exceed 57 °C.

9.2 Dry Method

Dry magnetic particle shall only be used when temperatures of test surface exceed 50 °C and not
more than 316 °C. Re-used of dry magnetic particles are not allowed. Dry magnetic particles shall
be applied in such a manner that a light uniform, dust-like coating settles upon the surface of the test
part while the part is being magnetized. The dry particles can be applied by powder blowers or hand
powders applicator.

9.3 Fluorescent Particles

The examination is performed by using an ultraviolet light (Black Light). The examination shall be
performed as follows:
i. It shall be performed in dark area.
ii. The examiner shall be in dark area for at least 5 minutes prior to performing the examination
to enable his eyes to adapt to dark viewing.
iii. Black light shall be allowed to warm up for a minimum of 5 minutes prior to use or
measurement of the intensity of the ultraviolet light emitted.
iv. Black light intensity shall be measured with a black light meter with a minimum of 1000
μW/cm2 on the surface of the part being examined. The black light intensity shall be
measured at least once every 8 hours and whenever the work station is changed.

10.0 Magnetization Technique

10.1 For normal testing condition, at least two (2) separate examinations shall be performed on each test
area. During the second examination, lines of magnetic flux shall be approximately perpendicular to
those used in the first examination. All tests done shall be carefully attended to assure sufficient
overlap of 100 % coverage on tested areas.
10.2 The maximum pole spacing shall be 6 inches, in order to maintain sufficient test sensitivity.
The distance of Yoke location for subsequent test should no more than 3 inches and shall have
minimum of 10 % lap.

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 Document No. : NT/G/MT/AWS
Revision No. : 4
Issued No. : 1
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Issued Date : 30 December 2021

MAGNETIC TESTING

11.0 Magnetic Flux Indicator

The sensitivity of the Magnetic Field shall normally be established by using the Magnetic Flux Indicator. It
shall be placed perpendicularly to the direction of the Magnetic Field and to be demonstrated in at least
two (2) perpendicular directions of the examination stages. The type of flux indicators shall be used either
Pie-Shaped Magnetic Field Indicator (ASME) or Burmah Castrol Strip.

12.0 Demagnetization
When residual magnetization in the part could interfere with subsequent processing or usage, the part be
demagnetized any time after completion of the examination.
12.1 Demagnetization may be accomplished by subjecting the part to a reverse magnetic field direction.
A/C yoke may use for local demagnetization by placing the pole on the part surface, moving them
around the area, and slowly withdrawing the A/C Yoke while it is still energized.
12.2 Care should be exercised to ensure the part is entirely removed from the influence of the A/C yoke
before the demagnetizing force is discontinued, otherwise the demagnetizer may have reverse effect
of magnetizing the part.
12.3 The effectiveness of the demagnetizing operate can be indicated by the use of appropriate magnetic
field or field strength meters.

13.0 View Conditioning

13.1 Non-Fluorescent
The area under inspection shall be illuminated by daylight or artificial light from either a normal tungsten
filament lamp or a fluorescent tube. The level of illumination shall not less than 1076 lux or 100 foot
candles as to enable a proper evaluation to be made of the indications revealed.

13.2 Fluorescent
It shall be performed in a darkened area with a maximum ambient white light level of 21.5 lux or 2 foot
candles measure with a white light meter at the examination surface prior to the evaluation of indications.

14.0 Interpretation and Evaluation

Interpretation and evaluation of discontinuities indication shall be performed during testing time which the
surface under examined still maintained magnetic flux and detecting media.
Mark the location of indication and evaluate those that are relevant in accordance with Para 15.0
Acceptance Criteria.
Only qualified Level II personnels are allowed to perform interpretation and evaluation of indication
detected.

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 Document No. : NT/G/MT/AWS
Revision No. : 4
Issued No. : 1
th
Issued Date : 30 December 2021

MAGNETIC TESTING

15.0 Acceptance
Limitation of imperfection shall be evaluated as in the following code and standard which is applicable is
contract specification/ client’s acceptance criteria.

15.1 AWS D1.1 (Edition 2020)

 Table 8.1: Visual Inspection Acceptance Criteria
 Table 10.15: Visual Inspection Acceptance Criteria

16.0 Qualification of Personnel

All NDT personnels performing the Magnetic Particle Testing shall be qualified and certified as Level II in
accordance to ASNT SNT-TC-1A and NUSANTARA TECHNOLOGIES written practice. The NDT
Personnel shall be able to read Jagaer 2 Chart at a distance not less than 1 feet. This requirement should
be check on annual basis.

17.0 Reports
17.1 All test reports shall be prepared and completed by the tester. All reports shall be counter signed by
client.
17.2 Reports shall be accompanied with sketches of the part being tested and location of indication, if
any.

The format of Magnetic Particle Examination Report was shown as in the Attachment 1.

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 Attachment 1

Page No. :
Our Ref. : MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION
REPORT Report No. :

Client : Procedure No. :

Examination Standard :
Project :
Acceptance Standard :

Location : Examination Date :

Material / Thickness : Welding Process :

Surface Preparation : Stage of Examination :

MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTION :

Dry Wet Fluorescent

Magnetic Particle : Magnaflux-7HF Surface Contrast : Magnaflux-WCP2

Method of removing excess particle : Normal Blow

Magnetizing Technique : Yoke Technique Prod Technique

Magnetizing Current : AC Electromagnetic DC Electromagnetic Permanent Magnet

Day light
Lighting : Artificial light View Illumination : lux
Black light µW/cm2

No. Joint Reference Interpretation Result Remark

NDT Operator : Reviewed By Client : Reviewed By Client’s Rep. :

Signature : Signature : Signature :
Name : Name : Name of Client’s Rep. :
Date : Date : Date :

NUSANTARA TECHNOLOGIES SDN BHD (187753-D)

Metrology & NDT Division: No. 9, Jalan Sungai Jerluh 32/196, Seksyen 32, Bukit Kemuning, 40460 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel: 603-5525 1766 Fax: 603-5525 2766
Kemaman Branch: K-7206, Kawasan Perindustrian Jakar II, 24000 Kemaman, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia. Tel: 019-389 9768 Fax: 609-859 3129