SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

A COURSE BASED REPORT (IOT and Applications)

ON
“Bluetooth controlled car”
Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted by

Shanmukha Chandrashekar (R23ER073)

Ranjith V (R23ER065)
Rohith D (R23ER066)
Varun Raj (R23ER110)

Under the guidance of

Dr. Prasenjit
Prof., School of ECE
REVA University

June 2024
Rukmini Knowledge Park, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru-560064
www.reva.edu.in

1
 DECLARATION

We, Shanmukha Chandrashekar (R23ER073), Ranjith V (R23ER065), Rohith D (R23ER066),

Varun Raj (R23ER110) students of B.Tech, belongs to School of Mechanical Engineering REVA
University, declare that this IOT Report “Bluetooth controlled car” is the result of work done
by us under the supervision of Dr. Prasenjit, Professor(Theory taking faculty) School of ECE
REVA University, Bengaluru.

We are submitting this Report in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of
Course in IOT and Applications in II-Semester of Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical
Engineering by the REVA University, Bengaluru during the academic year 2023-2024.

(Signature of the Students)

Certified that this work submitted by Shanmukha Chandrashekar (R23ER073), Ranjith V

(R23ER065), Rohith D (R23ER066), Varun Raj (R23ER110) has been carried out under our
guidance and the declaration made by the candidates is true to the best of our knowledge.

Signature of Faculty Signature of Director

Date: June 2024 Date: June 2024
Official Seal of the School

Name of the Examiner with affiliation Signature with Date

1.

2.

2
List of Contents Page No.

Abstract 4

Chapter-I 1.1 Introduction 5

1.2 Objectives 6

Chapter-II 2.1 Literature Survey 7

2.2 Comparison Table 8

Chapter-III 3.1 Proposed Work 9

3.2 Results and Analysis 13

Chapter-IV 4.1 Conclusion 14

4.2 Future Scope 14

3
 ABSTRACT

The mobile-controlled Bluetooth car project explores the design and development of a
remote-controlled car using Bluetooth technology. This report provides an in-depth analysis of
the construction, operation, and control mechanisms of the mobile-controlled Bluetooth car.

The project encompasses the integration of Arduino-based microcontroller systems and mobile
application

development to establish a seamless communication interface. By combining hardware and

software components, this project aims to demonstrate the practical and conceptual aspects of
implementing mobile-controlled devices.

The report outlines the technical specifications, implementation challenges, and practical
implications of

utilizing Bluetooth communication for remote control applications. Additionally, the findings
and insights from this project contribute to the advancement of mobile-controlled systems and
serve as a foundation for further research and innovation in this domain.

The project aims to demonstrate the practical application of wireless technology in the field of
robotics and

promote an understanding of integrated system design and control mechanisms. The findings of
this project have the potential to contribute to the advancement of remote- controlled vehicle
technology and serve as a basis for further research and development in the area of
mobile-controlled robotic systems.

4
 Chapter-I: Introduction

1.1.Introduction

The integration of mobile technology and robotics has opened up new avenues for
innovation in the field

of remote-controlled vehicles. This report documents the design, development, and

functionality of a mobile-controlled Bluetooth car, which represents a significant advancement in
the realm of wireless-controlled robotic systems. The project aims to showcase the practical
application of Bluetooth technology in enabling seamless communication between a mobile
device and a remotely operated vehicle. By leveraging the capabilities of mobile applications and
wireless communication, the project underscores the convergence of electronics, software, and
mechanical engineering in the creation of a sophisticated, user-friendly robotic platform.

The report provides an in-depth analysis of the hardware components, software architecture,
and control mechanisms that form the backbone of the mobile-controlled Bluetooth car. Through
this exploration, the report seeks to elucidate the intricate integration of electronic circuits,
Bluetooth modules, motor control systems, and mobile app development, culminating in the
realization of a functional and adaptable robotic vehicle. Furthermore, the report discusses the
principles of user interface design, system responsiveness, and the potential applications of
mobile-controlled Bluetooth cars in various domains, ranging from educational robotics to
industrial automation.

The mobile-controlled Bluetooth car represents a paradigm shift in the way

remote-controlled vehicles are operated and showcases the potential for enhanced user
experience and expanded functionality through the use of wireless technology. As such, the
report endeavors to provide a comprehensive understanding of the technological innovations and
engineering principles underpinning this cutting-edge project,

thereby laying the groundwork for future advancements and applications in the domain of
mobile-controlled robotic systems.

5
1.2.Objectives

1. Design and Construction: The primary objective of this report is to elucidate the design and
construction of a mobile-controlled Bluetooth car, detailing the integration of electronic
components, motor control systems, and mechanical chassis in the creation of a functional
robotic platform.

2. Wireless Communication: To explore the implementation of Bluetooth technology for

enabling seamless and reliable wireless communication between the mobile application and the
robotic vehicle, facilitating real-time control and feedback.

3. User Interface and Mobile Application Development: To examine the principles of user
interface design and mobile application development, with a focus on creating an intuitive and
responsive interface for controlling the Bluetooth car from a mobile device.

4. System Integration and Control Mechanisms: To analyze the integration of electronic circuits,
sensors, and communication modules, and to understand the control mechanisms that govern the
movement and behavior of the mobile-controlled Bluetooth car.

5. Functionality and Performance: To evaluate the functionality, agility, and performance of the
mobile-controlled Bluetooth car, including its maneuverability, response time, and adaptability to
different terrain and usage scenarios.

6. Educational and Practical Significance: To demonstrate the educational and practical

significance of the project, illustrating its potential applications in educational settings, hobbyist
communities, and industrial environments.

By addressing these objectives, the report aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the
mobile-controlled Bluetooth car, encompassing its design, functionality, and the underlying
principles of wireless communication and robotics. This section outlines the specific goals and
focuses of the report, ensuring a clear direction for the subsequent discussions and analysis.

6
 Chapter–II: Review on Existing Literature

2.1 Literature Survey

One of the existing methods regarding the speech recognition using wireless home automation is
done through ZigBee communication module. To have a brief note on this, this model includes
the following components i.e., Home Automation, ZigBee transceivers, voice recognition, analog
to digital converters and differential pulse code modulation. This home automation point outs the
recognition of voice commands, and it uses low power RF ZigBee wireless communication
modules. Even this system controls the electric lights and other appliances. The system is
initially to be checked i.e., regarding the voice recognition test, handheld microphone module,
ZigBee communication test and the Differential Pulse Code Modulation for managing the
compression and decompression of speech signals. Initially, the voice is recognized with some
frequency of sampling rate. An anti-aliasing filter is used to block the frequencies above the
Nyquist rate. The recognized voice is digitalized using ADC and it sends the data serially to the
central microcontroller. It now passes the data into the computer after converting the digitalized
data in analogue form. Now the data is analyzed, and the string commands are sent serially to the
microcontroller. These commands are finally used to control the appliances wirelessly. The other
way in handling the speech enabled home automation was through an Android and an Arduino.
The system is designed in such a way that, it should be flexible to any residence structure. It
means the user can flexibly be able to control the devices without the help of the second person
i.e., technician. The total need of the system is done in an android mobile application. That
should communicate with an Arduino board in local network. It should be tested in a miniatured
residence during the real case scenario. The few disadvantages are recognizing the voice
properly. Also, it does not give any response regarding the function going on. Our project aims to
overcome these disadvantages by using Raspberry Pi and a Node MCU.

7
2.2 Comparison Table

8
 Chapter-III: Work, Results and Analysis

4.1 Work

This section provides a comprehensive insight into the methodologies used to achieve the
project's objectives, including the process of hardware and software integration, system testing,
and performance assessment. The methodology is crucial in understanding the systematic
framework that underpins the creation and functionality of the mobile-controlled Bluetooth car.

1. Requirement Analysis: The project commenced with a meticulous analysis of the requirements
for the mobile- controlled Bluetooth car, encompassing the identification of essential hardware
components, Bluetooth modules, motor control systems, and the envisioned functionalities of the
vehicle.

2. Hardware Assembly and Integration: The assembly of the hardware components, including
microcontrollers, motor drivers, Bluetooth modules, and sensors, was executed according to the
system architecture designed to facilitate seamless integration and optimal performance.

3. Software Development: The development of the mobile application involved designing an

intuitive user interface and implementing the requisite functionalities for establishing a reliable
Bluetooth connection with the car, as well as transmitting control commands and receiving
feedback data.

4. Control Scheme Implementation: Various control schemes and algorithms were considered
and implemented to enable precise and responsive control of the mobile-controlled Bluetooth
car, ensuring smooth movement and maneuverability.

5. Testing and Debugging: Rigorous testing procedures were performed to validate the
functionality of the integrated system, encompassing hardware communication, mobile
application performance, and the overall responsiveness of the Bluetooth car to control inputs.

6. Performance Evaluation: The performance of the mobile- controlled Bluetooth car was
evaluated through a series of tests that assessed its maneuverability, responsiveness to control
inputs, and adaptability to different environmental conditions.

9
7. User Experience Assessment: Feedback and observations from users interfacing with the
mobile-controlled Bluetooth car were collected and analyzed to evaluate the overall user
experience and identify areas for potential improvement.

Figure: System Components Design

Code:

const int RELAY1_PIN = 2; // Pin pinMode(RELAY1_PIN,

number for RELAY 1 OUTPUT);

const int RELAY2_PIN = 3; // Pin pinMode(RELAY2_PIN,

number for RELAY 2 OUTPUT);

const int RELAY3_PIN = 4; // Pin pinMode(RELAY3_PIN,

number for RELAY 3 OUTPUT);

void setup() { }

Serial.begin(9600); // Set the baud void loop() {

rate for serial communication
if (Serial.available()) {

10
 String command = }
Serial.readString(); // Read the incoming
command as a string

// Process the command #define FORWARD 'F'

if (command == 'ON1') { #define BACKWARD 'B'

digitalWrite(RELAY1_PIN, #define LEFT 'L'

HIGH); // Turn on RELAY 1 #define RIGHT 'R'
} else if (command == 'OFF1') { #define CIRCLE 'C'
digitalWrite(RELAY1_PIN, #define CROSS 'X'
LOW); // Turn off RELAY 1
#define TRIANGLE 'T'
} else if (command == 'ON2') {
#define SQUARE 'S'
digitalWrite(RELAY2_PIN,
HIGH); // Turn on RELAY 2 #define START 'A'

} else if (command == 'OFF2') { #define PAUSE 'P'

digitalWrite(RELAY2_PIN,
LOW); // Turn off RELAY 2
void setup() {
} else if (command == 'ON3') {
Serial.begin(9600); // Set the baud
digitalWrite(RELAY3_PIN, rate for serial communication
HIGH); // Turn on RELAY 3
// Initialize any other necessary
} else if (command == 'OFF3') { setup code here

digitalWrite(RELAY3_PIN, }
LOW); // Turn off RELAY 3

} else if (command == 'YOUR

void loop() {
COMMAND1') {
if (Serial.available()) {
// DO SOMETHING
char command = Serial.read();
} else if (command == 'YOUR
COMMAND2') { executeCommand(command);
// DO SOMETHING ELSE }
} // Continue with other tasks in your
main loop
}
11
 } // Perform action for immediate
stop or crossing

break;
void executeCommand(char
command) { case TRIANGLE:

switch (command) { // Perform action for toggling a

state (e.g., LED on/off)
case FORWARD:
break;
// Perform action for moving
forward case SQUARE:

break; // Perform action for retrieving

and sending status information
case BACKWARD:
break;
// Perform action for moving
backward case START:

break; // Perform action for starting a

process or operation
case LEFT:
break;
// Perform action for turning left
case PAUSE:
break;
// Perform action for pausing a
case RIGHT: process or operation
// Perform action for turning right break;
break; default:
case CIRCLE: // Invalid command received
// Perform action for circle break;
break; }
case CROSS: }

12
4.2 Results and Analysis

The prototype is created using 4 DC motors driven by an H-bridge with dual output, connecting
the two left wheels and the two right ones to its outputs. The car is remotely controlled either by
Bluetooth app or by infrared. Some extra functionalities can be added to the software. Better line
tracking mode: When the robot finds an object in front placed on the line, it will try to go around
it until it finds the line again, continuing afterward. This function can be added using an
ultrasonic sensor. Custom mode: The ability to program the prototype from the app has not been
implemented, as it is relatively easy to use the custom mode by modifying the code.

13
 Chapter-IV: Conclusion & Future Scope

5.1 Conclusion

The mobile-controlled Bluetooth car project embodies the seamless integration of hardware,
software, and wireless communication to realize a versatile and interactive robotic system. By
leveraging the capabilities of Arduino microcontrollers, Bluetooth modules, motor drivers, and a
user-friendly mobile application, this project exemplifies a comprehensive approach to modern

robotic design and control.

Through the successful implementation of the project, the following key conclusions can be
drawn:

● User Experience and Interaction

● Efficient Control Mechanism

● Hardware-Software Synergy

● Educational And Recreational Potential

5.2 Future Scope

The future of this four-motor prototype is brimming with potential. Imagine it with an app that
goes beyond remote control, allowing you to design intricate courses or program complex
behaviors. Advanced sensors could transform it into a maze-solving marvel or an
object-avoiding whiz. Object recognition could unlock a whole new level of interaction, enabling
it to identify and react to specific objects or even people. This adaptable platform could evolve
into a powerful tool for education, exploration, or even competitive robotics, pushing the
boundaries of what a prototype car can achieve. With further development, it could even
integrate with other robots or devices, creating a collaborative network for tackling even more
complex tasks. The possibilities are truly endless, making this prototype an exciting glimpse into
the future of intelligent vehicles.

14