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Canadian Model of Occupational Performance - Overview

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171 views1 page

Canadian Model of Occupational Performance - Overview

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briannavangyzen
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Canadian Model of Occupational

Editorial
Performance: 30 years of impact!
Mary Law1 and Alison Laver-Fawcett 2

More than 30 years ago, the Canadian government pro- Fig. 1.


vided support to health disciplines to develop quality assur- The CMOP-E1: Specifying our domain of concern
ance guidelines. Fortunately for occupational therapy, the A.1 B.
Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists formed
a collaborative task force that went beyond this mandate.
Adapting an earlier model by Reed and Sanderson (1980),
they developed the Canadian Model of Occupational Per-
formance (CMOP), a lasting conceptual model for our
profession. First published as practice guidelines in 1983,
there have been several subsequent editions of this con-
ceptual basis of practice (Townsend and Polatajko 2007).
The CMOP (Fig. 1) focuses on the interactions between
the person, the environment, and occupation that result
in occupational performance. When first published, unique
characteristics of the CMOP included: A.1 Referred to as the CMOP in Enabling occupation (1997a, 2002) and CMOP-E as of this [2007] edition
B. Trans-sectional view
■ Occupation as the core domain of occupational therapy
■ Spirituality as the central core of a person Figure reproduced by kind permission of CAOT Publications, from Townsend
■ The experiential nature of occupation and Polatajko (2007).
■ Client-centred practice as a foundational principle of
practice Review of CMOP-related literature has revealed that its
■ Environment (cultural, institutional, physical, social) as impact goes well beyond Canadian occupational therapy,
an important determinant of occupational performance with recognition of its value by occupational therapy
■ Enablement as a core competency of occupational clinicians and academics in many other countries. Over
therapists 20,000 copies of Enabling occupation I or II have been sold,
Beginning with the 1997 edition, Enabling occupation, and translated into five languages. One of many examples
an occupational therapy practice process model has also of impact on practice is a 4-year action research project by
been included. Boniface et al (2008), which involved all their occupational
The development of CMOP supported a professional shift therapy staff (n = 270) in the application of CMOP across
back to our core roots and focus on occupation. CMOP can an integrated health and social care service in the United
be applied to a very broad range of occupational therapy Kingdom. They reported that the implementation of CMOP
practice across the lifespan and has been used as part of the enhanced their understanding of day-to-day practice; iden-
development of educational programs internationally. It tified the client-centred and occupational nature of their
provides a relatively jargon-free language to support inter- practice; enhanced reflection on practice; supported the
national debate of theoretical ideas and underpin research. explicit identification of occupational therapists’ clinical
reasoning in case notes; and positively influenced their
organization’s understanding of occupational therapy.
Official Journal of The College of Congratulations to the Canadian Association of Occu-
Occupational Therapists pational Therapists, and to all those occupational therapists
involved in the development of this model over the past
1 Professor, McMaster University, School of 30 years! Its continuing relevance will be evident in the 2014
Rehabilitation Science and CanChild Centre for special issue of this journal on ‘Occupational performance
Childhood Disability Research, Ontario, Canada. measures for health and wellbeing: Research and practice’.
2 Senior Lecturer, York St John University, Research Centre for Occupation

and Mental Health (RCOMH), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, York.
Boniface G, Fedden T, Hurst H, Mason M, Phelps C, Reagon C, Waygood S
Corresponding author: Professor Mary Law, School of Rehabilitation (2008) Using theory to underpin an integrated occupational therapy
Science, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, service through the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance.
Ontario L8S4L8, Canada. Email: [email protected]
British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 71(2), 532–539.
Key words: Theoretical models, client-centred practice, practice Reed KL, Sanderson SR (1980) Concepts of occupational therapy. Baltimore:
guideline, occupational therapy. Williams and Wilkins.
DOI: 10.4276/030802213X13861576675123 Townsend EA, Polatajko HJ (2007) Enabling occupation II: Advancing an
occupational therapy vision for health, well-being and justice through
© The College of Occupational Therapists Ltd.
occupation. Ottawa, ON: CAOT Publications ACE.

British Journal of Occupational Therapy December 2013 76(12) 519

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