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13 views14 pages

Lesson 1 - Note

Uploaded by

ccpweragala
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to Computer

Programming – CSU3200
Lesson 01
Introduction to computer
programming

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 1


What is a Computer ?
• An electronic device.
• Does calculations on data by obeying a
sequence of instructions that given to it.
• Does not think.
• Can perform logical operations.

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 2


What is a computer Program ?
• Set of instructions for a computer to follow in
performing a task.
• Writes by computer programmers.
• Software is set of programs and associate
documentations that needs to operate the
system.

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 3


What is Programming ?
• is the process of designing and writing
computer programs.
• Computer programming requires two skills.
– Develop a plan to solve a problem (Flow charts)
– Implement solution using coding (Programming
languages)

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 4


Generations of Programming
Languages
• There are five programming language
regenerations.
• They are,
– First generation (Machine language)
– Second generation (Assembly language)
– Third generation (High-level language)
– Fourth generation (Very high-level language)
– Fifth generation (Natural language)

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 5


First Generation
• This language is machine-dependent.
• The machine language statements are written
in binary code (0/1 form) because the
computer can understand only binary
language.

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 6


Second Generation
• The second-generation languages are also
called assembler languages/ 2G languages.
• Assembly language contains human-readable
notations that can be further converted to
machine language using an assembler.

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 7


Third Generation
• It consists of the use of a series of English-like
words that humans can understand easily, to
write instructions.
• Examples of this type of language are C,
PASCAL, FORTRAN, COBOL, etc.

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 8


Fourth Generation
• The fourth-generation language is also called a
non – procedural language/ 4GL. It enables
users to access the database.
• These languages are also human-friendly to
understand.
• Examples: SQL, Foxpro, Focus, etc.

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 9


Fifth Generation
• It is based on the concept of artificial
intelligence.
• It uses the concept that rather than solving
a problem algorithmically, an application can be
built to solve it based on some constraints, i.e.,
we make computers learn to solve any problem.
• Parallel Processing & superconductors are used
for this type of language to make real artificial
intelligence.
• Examples: PROLOG, LISP, etc.
5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 10
Language Translators
• The translation is the process of converting
the code written by a programmer into
machine code that a computer can execute.
• Machine code is a type of low-level language,
which has ones and zeros.
• So, the translator converts the high-level code
the programmer creates in a programming
language to machine code.

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 11


Language Translators
• There are two translation methods, they are
compiler and interpreter.
• A compiler is software that converts source
code written in a high-level language into low-
level code for execution at once.
• An interpreter is a program that translates and
executes a single line of code at a time.

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 12


Learning Objectives
• Understand what is a computer and what it
does.
• Understanding what is computer programing
and skills for that.
• Learning the evolution of programming
languages and their groups.

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 13


END

- Thank You -

5/24/2023 Dr.M.J Renuka Perera 14

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