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Exp 8 Effect K-T

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30 views8 pages

Exp 8 Effect K-T

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tailonglin1
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Experiment 8 The Effect of Temperature on an Equilibrium Constant

Pre-laboratory Questions
Name:
Lab Section:
Date:

1. Consider the reaction below.


Co(H2O)62+ (aq) + 4 Clˉ (aq) ⇌ CoCl42ˉ (aq) + 6 H2O (l)
The equilibrium constant expression (Kc) of the reaction does not include the concentration
of H2O even though the reaction produces six moles of water. Explain.

2. In the following reaction, NO2 is a brown gas and N2O4 is colorless.


NO2 (g) ⇌ 2 N2O4 (g)
(brown) (colorless)
a. When the temperature decreases, the color of the equilibrium mixture gets lighter. Is
this reaction exothermic or endothermic?

b. What will happen to the value of the equilibrium constant, K c, if the temperature of
the reaction is increased?

(continued on next page)


3. The temperature-dependence of the equilibrium constant was observed for a particular
reaction. A plot of lnKc (y-axis) versus 1/T (x-axis) produced a straight line with the
equation y = 4304x ‒ 11. Refer to the Introduction and the Data Sheet to determine
a. the enthalpy change (ΔH) of the reaction (in kJ/mol).

1
b. the entropy change (ΔS) of the reaction (in J/K‧mol).

Experiment 8 The Effect of Temperature on an Equilibrium Constant


Data Sheet
Name:
Lab Section:
Date:

Part A. Effect of temperature on the equilibrium constant

2
Table 1.

Temperature Concentrations (M)


Absorbance
ºC K [CoCl42ˉ], Ct [Co(H2O)62+], Xt [Clˉ]

90ºC 363 A90 = 0.392 0.090 0 2.6

A90 =  l C90 (y =  l)
A 90
y = l = =
C 90

At
t t + 273 At Ct = Xt = 0.090 – Ct [Clˉ] = 2.6 + 4Xt
y

80ºC 0.328

70ºC 0.275

60ºC 0.214

50ºC 0.156

40ºC 0.108

30ºC 0.058

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Table 2.
Temperature
Kc
lnKc 1/T (Kˉ1)
(equation 6)
ºC K

90ºC 363

80ºC

70ºC

60ºC

50ºC

40ºC

30ºC

Part B. Relationship between equilibrium, free energy, enthalpy and entropy

Refer to Part B of the Introduction and your plot of lnKc vs. 1/T:

(1) H of the reaction = – R × slope = – 8.314 J/K‧mol × slope

= _______________ J/mol

= _______________ kJ/mol

(2) S of the reaction = R × y-intercept = 8.314 J/K‧mol × y-intercept

= _______________ J/K‧mol

Insert the graph below (Copy and paste the graph from Excel)

4
Experiment 8 The Effect of Temperature on an Equilibrium Constant
Lab Report
Name:
Lab Section:
Date:

Objective:

5
(In 1-2 sentences, explain your primary goals and how you will achieve them. Use general
terms, referring to techniques or methods, rather than describing specific procedures.)

Introduction/Theory:

(Briefly describe the scientific principle behind the experiment. It may be based on the material
in the lab manual, your text book, or other sources (include citations). Include relevant chemical
reactions - this is a chemistry class!)

Procedures:

6
(Describe the experimental procedure in your own terms. Do not simply re-copy the steps from
the manual. Use the past tense and avoid the first-person voice (I, we, us). Also include your
observations such as color changes, release of vapor, etc. Diagrams may be helpful.)

List of materials and equipment:

Sources of error:

(Describe what could have led to incorrect or inaccurate results in this experiment, as well as
steps that could be taken to prevent or correct the problems. This is different than a mistake or
failure to follow instructions. Consider limitations in the experimental setup or assumptions
that have been made.)

Conclusions:

7
(Describe if and how the experimental objectives were met, and what scientific principles were
investigated. Explain how the theory was applied to your data and measurements to achieve
your objective. Be sure to include your key data and results in the discussion. When
possible, compare your results to reference values. When identifying an unknown, describe how
you made this decision.)

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