CHAPTER 8

SELECTION

• SELECTION STATEMENTS (SOMETIMES CALLED CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS) CAN BE

DEFINED AS CODE (STATEMENTS) THAT CHECKS CONDITIONS AND DETERMINES WHICH
CODE TO RUN.
• THERE ARE TWO FORMS OF SELECTION:

• 1. IF STATEMENT,
• 2. CASE STATEMENT.
➢IF STATEMENT HAS THREE TYPES OF CONDITION STATEMENT:
 STRUCTURE OF IF STATEMENT:1

IF COMPARISON THEN
STATEMENTS THAT RUN IF THE CONDITION IS TRUE
ENDIF

DECLARE num: INTEGER

INPUT num1
IF Num1=10 THEN
OUTPUT("True")
ENDIF
 STRUCTURE OF IF STATEMENT:2

ELSE:
• STRUCTURE OF IF STATEMENT:
IF COMPARISON THEN
STATEMENTS THAT RUN IF THE CONDITION IS TRUE
ELSE
STATEMENTS THAT RUN IF THE CONDITION IS FALSE
ENDIF
 PSEUDOCODE ON SELECTION
DRAW A FLOWCHART AND WRITE A PSEUDOCODE TO FIND THE INPUT IS
POSITIVE NUMBER OR NEGATIVE NUMBER.
Start
DECLARE num: INTEGER
Input
num
INPUT num
IF num >0 THEN
Is OUTPUT num,“ is Positive”
num>0?
Print
Else
Print
“positive” “Negative” OUTPUT num,“ is Negative”
End If
End
 STRUCTURE OF IF STATEMENT:3

ELSEIF:
IF COMPARISON1 THEN

STATEMENTS THAT RUN IF THE COMPARISON IS TRUE

ELSEIF COMPARISON2 THEN
STATEMENTS THAT RUN IF THE COMPARISON IS FALSE, AND COMPARISON2 IS TRUE
ENDIF
 A PSEUDOCODE TO FIND THE LARGEST NUMBER
BETWEEN TWO NUMBERS:
DECLARE NUM1,NUM2 : INTEGER
INPUT NUM1
INPUT NUM2
IF NUM1> NUM2 THEN
OUTPUT (NUM1)
ELSEIF NUM2 > NUM1 THEN
OUTPUT (NUM2)
ENDIF
• DRAW A FLOWCHART THAT WILL ASK FOR TEST
MARKS FROM THE USER. IF TEST MARKS IS GREATER
THAN 70 PRINT” WELL DONE!” ELSE PRINT
“SATISFACTORY".
 STRUCTURE OF IF STATEMENT:4

• IF COMPARISON1 THEN
STATEMENTS THAT RUN IF THE COMPARISON IS TRUE
• ELSE IF COMPARISON2 THEN
STATEMENTS THAT RUN IF COMPARISON1 IS FALSE, AND COMPARISON2 IS TRUE ...
AS MANY ELSEIFS AS YOU NEED
• ELSE
STATEMENTS THAT RUN IF NONE OF THE COMPARISONS ARE TRUE
• ENDIF
 EXAMPLE
DECLARE NUM1,NUM2 : INTEGER
INPUT NUM1
INPUT NUM2

IF NUM1> NUM2 THEN

OUTPUT (NUM1)
ELSEIF NUM2 > NUM1 THEN
OUTPUT (NUM2)
ELSE
OUTPUT("THEY ARE THE SAME")
ENDIF
 SELECTION IN FLOWCHART

4. DRAW A FLOWCHART TO FIND THE LARGEST OF TWO NUMBERS GIVEN

BY THE USER.
 FIND THE LARGEST NUMBER:
• Draw a flowchart to find the largest of two given numbers • A pseudocode to find the largest of two given numbers

DECLARE num1,num2:INTEGER

PRINT ("input 1st number")

INPUT num1
PRINT ("input 2nd number")
INPUT num2
IF num1 > num2 THEN
PRINT (num1 ," is the largest number")
ELSE
PRINT (num2 , " is the largest number")
ENDIF
 Selection in flowchart
5. Draw a flowchart to find the input is odd number or even number.
 SELECTION IN FLOWCHART
DRAW A FLOWCHART TO FIND THE INPUT IS ODD NUMBER OR EVEN
NUMBER.
WRITE A PSEUDOCODE TO FIND THE INPUT IS ODD NUMBER OR EVEN NUMBER.

Input a
If a Mod 2 = 0 then
OUTPUT “Even number ”
Else
OUTPUT “Odd number ”
End If
 SELECTION IN FLOWCHART
DRAW A FLOWCHART TO FIND THE LARGEST OF THREE GIVEN NUMBERS
 PSEUDOCODE TO FIND THE LARGEST OF THREE GIVEN
NUMBERS
DECLARE NUM1,NUM2,NUM3 : INTEGER

OUTPUT("ENTER 3 NUMBERS")

INPUT NUMBER1

INPUT NUMBER2

INPUT NUMBER3

IF NUMBER1 > NUMBER2 AND NUMBER1 > NUMBER3 THEN

OUTPUT (NUMBER1)

ELSEIF NUMBER2 > NUMBER1 AND NUMBER2 > NUMBER3 THEN

OUTPUT (NUMBER2)

ELSEIF NUMBER3> NUMBER1 AND NUMBER3 > NUMBER1 THEN

OUTPUT (NUMBER 3)

ENDIF
 PSEUDOCODE TO FIND THE LARGEST OF THREE GIVEN
NUMBERS
DECLARE NUM1,NUM2,NUM3 : INTEGER

OUTPUT("ENTER 3 NUMBERS")

INPUT NUMBER1

INPUT NUMBER2

INPUT NUMBER3

IF NUMBER1 > NUMBER2 AND NUMBER1 > NUMBER3 THEN

OUTPUT (NUMBER1)

ELSEIF NUMBER2 > NUMBER3 THEN

OUTPUT (NUMBER2)

ELSE

OUTPUT (NUMBER 3)

ENDIF
PSEUDOCODE TO FIND THE LARGEST OF THREE GIVEN NUMBERS

DECLARE num1,num2,num3 : INTEGER

OUTPUT("Enter 3 numbers")
INPUT Number1
INPUT Number2
INPUT Number3
IF Number1 > Number2 THEN
IF Number1 > Number3 THEN
OUTPUT (Number1)
ELSE OUTPUT (Number3)
ENDIF
ELSEIF Number2 > Number3 THEN
OUTPUT (Number2)
ELSE OUTPUT (Number 3)
ENDIF
 CLASS WORK
USING SELECTION OF
Write a pseudocode for following:
IF…ELSEIF…ENDIF
• SOLUTION:
Declaration of variable in pseudocode
DECLARE MARKS : INTEGER

DECLARE GRADE : STRING

Mark Grade INPUT MARKS

0—39 FAIL IF MARKS => 0 AND MARKS <= 39 THEN

GRADE=“FAIL”
40—59 PASS
ELSEIF MARKS => 40 AND MARKS <= 59 THEN

60—79 CREDIT GRADE=“PASS”

Handling Out of
ELSEIF MARKS => 60 AND MARKS <= 79 THEN
80—100 DISTINCTION boundaries range using
GRADE=“CREDIT”
“OR” Instead of “AND”
More than 100 and less than 0 Invalid Marks ELSEIF MARKS => 80 AND MARKS <= 100 THEN

GRADE=“DISTINCTION”

ELSE
ELSEIF Marks < 0 OR Marks >100 then
PRINT “INVALID MARK” PRINT “WRONG INPUT”
END IF END IF
 PSEUDOCODE

• DISPLAYS "A" FOR EXAM GRADES GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 90, "B" FOR GRADES IN THE
RANGE 80–89, "C" FOR GRADES IN THE RANGE 70–79, "D" FOR GRADES IN THE RANGE 60–
69 AND "F" FOR ALL OTHER GRADES. THE