MIDDLE TERM FACTORIZATION

Vocabulary and Core Concept Check

1. WRITING You are factoring x2 + 11x − 26. What do the signs of the terms tell you about the factors?
Explain.

2. OPEN-ENDED Write a trinomial that can be factored as (x + p)(x + q), where p and q are positive.

Monitoring Progress and Modeling with Mathematics

In Exercises 3–8, factor the polynomial. (See Example 1.) 26. MODELING WITH MATHEMATICS A dentist’s office
and parking lot are on a rectangular piece of land. The
3. x2 + 8x + 7 4. z2 + 10z + 21
area (in square meters) of the land is represented by
x2 + x − 30.
5. n2 + 9n + 20 6. s2 + 11s + 30
xm
7. h2 + 11h + 18 8. y2 + 13y + 40

In Exercises 9–14, factor the polynomial. (x − 8) m

(See Example 2.)
9. v2 − 5v + 4 10. x2 − 13x + 22

11. d 2 − 5d + 6 12. k2 − 10k + 24 (x + 6) m

13. w2 − 17w + 72 14. j 2 − 13j + 42 a. Write a binomial that represents the width of
the land.
In Exercises 15–24, factor the polynomial. b. Find the area of the land when the length of the
(See Example 3.) dentist’s office is 20 meters.
15. x2 + 3x − 4 16. z2 + 7z − 18
ERROR ANALYSIS In Exercises 27 and 28, describe and
17. n2 + 4n − 12 18. s2 + 3s − 40 correct the error in factoring the polynomial.

✗
27.
19. y2 + 2y − 48 20. h2 + 6h − 27
x2 + 14x + 48 = (x + 4)(x + 12)
21. x2 − x − 20 22. m2 − 6m − 7

✗
23. −6t − 16 + t2 24. −7y + y2 − 30 28.
s2 − 17s − 60 = (s − 5)(s − 12)
25. MODELING WITH MATHEMATICS A projector
displays an image on a wall. The area (in square feet)
of the projection is represented by x2 − 8x + 15.
In Exercises 29–38, solve the equation.
a. Write a binomial that
represents the height 29. m2 + 3m + 2 = 0 30. n2 − 9n + 18 = 0
(x − 3) ft
of the projection.
31. x2 + 5x − 14 = 0 32. v2 + 11v − 26 = 0
b. Find the perimeter of x ft
the projection when
33. t 2 + 15t = −36 34. n2 − 5n = 24
the height of the wall
is 8 feet.
35. a2 + 5a − 20 = 30 36. y2 − 2y − 8 = 7

37. m2 + 10 = 15m − 34 38. b2 + 5 = 8b − 10

Section 7.5 Factoring x 2 + bx + c 389

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 39. MODELING WITH MATHEMATICS You trimmed a MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS In Exercises 43 and 44,
large square picture so that you could fit it into a find the dimensions of the polygon with the given area.
frame. The area of the cut picture is 20 square inches.
43. Area = 44 ft2 44. Area = 35 m2
What is the area of the original picture?
(See Example 4.)
(x − 12) ft
5 in.
(g − 11) m
(x − 5) ft

(g − 8) m

x in. 45. REASONING Write an equation of the form

x2 + bx + c = 0 that has the solutions x = −4
6 in. and x = 6. Explain how you found your answer.

x in. 46. HOW DO YOU SEE IT? The graph of y = x2 + x − 6

is shown.
40. MODELING WITH MATHEMATICS A web browser is y
open on your computer screen. 8

(x + 7) in. 4

x in.
−4 4x
(x − 2) in.. −4

−8 y = x2 + x − 6

a. Explain how you can use the graph to factor

the polynomial x2 + x − 6.
a. The area of the browser window is 24 square
inches. Find the length of the browser window x. b. Factor the polynomial.
3
b. The browser covers —13
of the screen. What are the
dimensions of the screen? 47. PROBLEM SOLVING Road construction workers are
paving the area shown.
41. MAKING AN ARGUMENT Your friend says there
a. Write an expression xm
are six integer values of b for which the trinomial
x2 + bx − 12 has two binomial factors of the form that represents the
(x + p) and (x + q). Is your friend correct? Explain. area being paved.
b. The area 18 m
42. THOUGHT PROVOKING Use algebra tiles to factor being paved is
xm
each polynomial modeled by the tiles. Show 280 square meters.
your work. Write and solve
an equation to find 20 m
a. the width of the road x.

USING STRUCTURE In Exercises 48–51, factor the

polynomial.
b.
48. x2 + 6xy + 8y2 49. r2 + 7rs + 12s2

50. a2 + 11ab − 26b2 51. x2 − 2xy − 35y2

Maintaining Mathematical Proficiency Reviewing what you learned in previous grades and lessons

Solve the equation. Check your solution. (Section 1.1)

c
52. p − 9 = 0 53. z + 12 = −5 54. 6 = — 55. 4k = 0
−7

390 Chapter 7 Polynomial Equations and Factoring

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