Please write clearly in block capitals.

Centre number Candidate number

Surname

Forename(s)

Candidate signature

INTERNATIONAL A-LEVEL
PHYSICS
Unit 3 Fields and their consequences

Monday 21 January 2019 07:00 GMT Time allowed: 2 hours

Materials For Examiner’s Use

For this paper you must have:
• a Data and Formulae Booklet as a loose insert Question Mark
• a ruler with millimetre measurements 1
• a scientific calculator, which you are expected to use where appropriate.
2

Instructions 3
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen. 4
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. 5
• Answer all questions.
6−35
• You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write
outside the box around each page or on blank pages. TOTAL
• If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of
this book. Write the question number against your answer(s).
• All working must be shown.
• Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want
to be marked.

Information
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 80.

*jan19ph0301*
IB/M/Jan19/E6 PH03
 2
Do not write
outside the
Section A box

Answer all questions in this section.

0 1 Figure 1 shows a fairground ride on which riders perform horizontal circles about the
centre of the ride. Each seat is attached to the top of the ride with a chain of
negligible mass. Two seats, A and B, are connected to the ride at different distances
from the vertical axis.
The chain of seat A makes an angle θ to the vertical. When the ride is rotating at its
maximum angular velocity ωmax, θ is 35°.

Figure 1

0 1 . 1 The centripetal force acting on a rider in seat A at ωmax is Fmax.

State an expression for Fmax in terms of T and θ.

[1 mark]

Fmax =

*02*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 3
Do not write
outside the
0 1 . 2 The tension T in the chain of A is 950 N when the ride is rotating at ωmax. box

Calculate the total mass of the rider and seat A.

[2 marks]

total mass = kg

0 1 . 3 r is the radius of the circular path of seat A.

Show that ωmax = 0.84 g

r
[3 marks]

0 1 . 4 The centre of mass of the rider and seat A is 7.2 m from the vertical axis of the ride.

Calculate the time for one revolution of the ride when θ is 35°.
[2 marks]

time for one revolution = s

Question 1 continues on the next page

Turn over ►

*03*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 4
Do not write
outside the
0 1 . 5 Figure 2 shows the angle θB that the chain of seat B makes to the vertical when the box

ride is rotating at ωmax.

Figure 2

Explain why θB will be less than θ when the ride is rotating at ωmax.
[2 marks]

10

*04*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 5
Do not write
outside the
Turn over for the next question box

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

Turn over ►

*05*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 6
Do not write
outside the
0 2 Figure 3 shows a circuit used to provide an output voltage Vout. box

The capacitor C has a capacitance of 2200 µF and is initially uncharged. The battery
has an emf E of 6.0 V and a negligible internal resistance.

Switch S is closed. The current in resistor R1 is I.

Figure 3

Figure 4 shows the variation of I with time t after switch S is closed.

Figure 4

0 2 . 1 I1 is the current in C and I2 is the current in resistors R2 and Rv.

Explain why I varies as shown in Figure 4.

[3 marks]

*06*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 7
Do not write
outside the
0 2 . 2 The variable resistor Rv is set to a resistance of 4.0 kΩ. R2 has a resistance of 2.0 kΩ. box

The capacitor is fully charged and then switch S is opened, causing Vout to decrease.

Show that the potential difference across C is approximately 1 V when Vout is 0.70 V.
[2 marks]

0 2 . 3 Calculate the time T after switch S is opened for Vout to decrease to 0.70 V.
[4 marks]

time = s

0 2 . 4 The resistance of Rv can be increased or decreased.

C is fully charged again before switch S is opened.

Explain how the adjustment of Rv can be used to increase T.

[2 marks]

11

Turn over ►

*07*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 8
Do not write
outside the
0 3 A low voltage supply is needed for a battery charger. box

An engineer designs a transformer to convert an alternating input voltage of 230 Vrms

to the low voltage needed for the battery charger.
The transformer has 800 turns on the primary coil and 28 turns on the secondary coil.

0 3 . 1 Calculate Vs the rms output voltage from the secondary coil.

For this calculation, assume that the transformer is ideal.
[2 marks]

Vs = V

0 3 . 2 The frequency of the input voltage is 50 Hz.

Sketch on the axes below a graph of the variation of the output voltage with time t.
The graph should show the voltage variation over a period of 50 ms.
Add an appropriate scale to the voltage axis.
[4 marks]

*08*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 9
Do not write
outside the
0 3 . 3 In practice, the transformer is 90% efficient. The rms current in the secondary coil is box

2.4 A.

Calculate in mA the rms current in the primary coil of the transformer.

[2 marks]

rms current = mA

0 3 . 4 The engineer now connects the output of the transformer in series with a
semiconductor diode and the battery charger.

Figure 5 shows the circuit. The battery charger behaves as an ohmic conductor.

Figure 5

Deduce how the magnitude and waveform of the voltage Vc across the battery
charger are different from the magnitude and waveform of the output from the
transformer.
[2 marks]

magnitude

waveform

Question 3 continues on the next page

Turn over ►

*09*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 10
Do not write
outside the
0 3 . 5 One inefficiency of the transformer arises from eddy current losses. box

Explain how eddy current losses occur in a transformer and go on to suggest how
good transformer design minimises eddy current losses.
[4 marks]

14

*10*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 11
Do not write
outside the
−19
0 4 Figure 6 shows an isolated spherical oil drop carrying a charge of +6.4 × 10 C. box

Assume that the oil drop behaves as a charged, conducting sphere.

Figure 6

0 4 . 1 Draw electric field lines onto Figure 6 to show the electric field around the oil drop.
[1 mark]

0 4 . 2 Define the absolute electrical potential at a point in an electric field.

[1 mark]

−6
0 4 . 3 The oil drop has a radius of 1.4 × 10 m.

Calculate the absolute electric potential at the surface of the oil drop.
[2 marks]

absolute electric potential = V

Question 4 continues on the next page

Turn over ►

*11*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 12
Do not write
outside the
0 4 . 4 Figure 7 shows the charged oil drop stationary in air in an electric field between two box

parallel plates. The potential difference between the plates is V.

Draw and label arrows on Figure 7 to represent the forces acting on the oil drop.
[1 mark]

Figure 7

0 4 . 5 The potential difference between the plates is now reversed so that the oil drop is
attracted towards the lower plate.

Explain why the initial acceleration of the oil drop is approximately 20 m s−2.
[2 marks]

*12*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 13
Do not write
outside the
0 4 . 6 Describe and explain the motion of the oil drop after the potential difference between box

the plates is reversed.

[2 marks]

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*13*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 14
Do not write
outside the
0 5 A charged particle enters a region of uniform magnetic flux density B. The particle box

enters at right angles to the magnetic field.

0 5 . 1 Show that the radius of curvature r of the particle in the magnetic field is:

1
r= 2Ek m
Bq

where q = the charge on the particle

Ek = the kinetic energy of the particle
m = the mass of the particle.
[3 marks]

*14*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 15
Do not write
outside the
0 5 . 2 A stream of alpha particles and a stream of beta particles both enter a uniform box

magnetic field at right angles to the field direction.

The alpha particles each have a kinetic energy of 7.4 MeV.

The beta particles each have a kinetic energy of 1.1 MeV.
The radius of the track of the alpha particles is rα and the radius of the track of the
beta particles is rβ
The two streams of particles do not interact and relativistic effects may be ignored.

rα
Calculate
rβ

mass of an alpha particle = 6.64 × 10−27 kg

[3 marks]

rα
rβ = 6

END OF SECTION A

Turn over ►

*15*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 16
Do not write
outside the
Section B box

Each of the questions in this section is followed by four responses, A, B, C and D.

For each question select the best response.

Only one answer per question is allowed.

For each answer completely fill in the circle alongside the appropriate answer.

CORRECT METHOD WRONG METHODS

If you want to change your answer you must cross out your original answer as shown.

If you wish to return to an answer previously crossed out, ring the answer you now wish to select
as shown.

You may do your working in the blank space around each question but this will not be marked.
Do not use additional sheets for this working.

8
0 6 The mean radius of the Earth’s orbit around the Sun is 1.5 × 10 km.

What is the mean centripetal acceleration of the Earth about the Sun?

1 year = 3.15 × 107 s

[1 mark]

−6
A 6.0 × 10 rad s−2

B 6.0 × 10−3 rad s−2

1 −2
C 3.0 × 10 rad s

D 6.0 × 104 rad s−2

*16*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 17
Do not write
outside the
0 7 The graph shows the variation of displacement x with time t for an object performing box

simple harmonic motion. T is the period of the oscillation.

Which graph shows the variation of acceleration a with time t for the same object?
[1 mark]

A B

C D

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*17*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 18
Do not write
outside the
0 8 The graph shows the variation of the velocity v with time t for an object performing simple box

harmonic motion. The period of the oscillation is T.

The maximum acceleration of the object is equivalent to the:

[1 mark]

A gradient of the graph when t = 0

T
B gradient of the graph when t =
4

T
C area between the graph and the t axis between t = 0 and t =
4

T
D area between the graph and the t axis between t = 0 and t =
2

0 9 The total energy of an object that is performing simple harmonic motion is:
[1 mark]

A always zero.

B a maximum when the object is at maximum speed.

C a maximum when the object is at maximum displacement from

the equilibrium position.

D constant throughout a complete cycle.

*18*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 19
Do not write
outside the
1 0 In the diagram, each mass m is identical and each spring is identical. box

The masses are displaced vertically from their rest position and released.

period of oscillation of P
What is the ratio ?
period of oscillation of Q
[1 mark]

1
A
4

1
B
2

C 1

D 2

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*19*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 20
Do not write
outside the
1 1 The graph shows the variation of displacement x with time t for an object performing box

simple harmonic motion. Point P has a displacement of 2 cm from the equilibrium position.

What is the velocity of the object at point P?

[1 mark]

−1
A 11 cm s

B 18 cm s−1

C 27 cm s−1

D 94 cm s−1

1 2 What is a unit for G, the gravitational constant?

[1 mark]

3 −2
A kg m s

B kg−1 m3 s2

C J m−1 kg2

D J m kg−2

*20*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 21
Do not write
outside the
1 3 The diameter of the Earth is 3 times the diameter of planet P. box

The mass of the Earth is 18 times the mass of P.

The acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the Earth is g.

What is the acceleration due to gravity at the surface of P?

[1 mark]

g
A
6

g
B
2

C 2g

D 6g

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*21*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 22
Do not write
outside the
1 4 The diagram shows the distance D between the surface of the Earth and the surface of the box

Moon.

Which graph shows the variation with distance from the Earth’s surface of the gravitational
potential V in the Earth–Moon gravity field?
[1 mark]

A B

C D

*22*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 23
Do not write
outside the
1 5 Which statement about gravitational field lines is not correct? box

[1 mark]

A The arrows on them indicate the direction of the force that would act on
a point mass at that position.

B The gravitational field lines around the Earth are directed radially away
from the Earth.

C The separation of gravitational field lines is an indication of the

gravitational field strength at that position.

D They always intersect with the lines of equipotential at an angle of 90°.

1 6 Satellites P and Q orbit the Earth.

For P, the height of the orbit above the surface of the Earth is equal to the radius of the
Earth.
For Q, the height of the orbit above the surface of the Earth is equal to 3 × the radius of the
Earth.
The mass of Q is 3 × the mass of P.
P experiences a gravitational attraction of 600 N towards the Earth.

What is the gravitational attraction experienced by Q?

[1 mark]

A 150 N

B 200 N

C 450 N

D 900 N

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*23*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 24
Do not write
outside the
1 7 An orbiting satellite is moved to an orbit of smaller radius, causing its gravitational potential box

energy to decrease.

Which row shows the changes in the magnitudes of the kinetic energy and the total energy
of the satellite?
[1 mark]

Change in Change in
kinetic energy total energy

A Decrease Decrease

B Increase Decrease

C Increase No change

D Increase Increase

1 8 Many satellites in geosynchronous orbits are also geostationary.

Which is a correct statement about geostationary orbits?

[1 mark]

A They are polar orbits.

B Their periodic time is less than one day.

C They orbit in the plane of the Equator and in the opposite direction as
the Earth’s rotation.

D They orbit in the plane of the Equator and in the same direction as the
Earth’s rotation.

1 9 What is a unit for the permittivity of free space, ε0?

[1 mark]

A A2 kg−1 m−3 s+4

B A2 kg−2 m−3 s−4

C A2 kg−1 m−1 s+4

2 −1 −3 −2
D A kg m s

*24*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 25
Do not write
outside the
2 0 Two charges +Q and –Q are equal in magnitude and opposite in sign. box

P is a distance r from each of the charges.

Which row shows the magnitude and direction of the electric field strength at P due to the
two charges?
[1 mark]

Magnitude of electric Direction of electric

field strength field strength

Q
A To right
2 2 0r 2

Q
B To left
2 2 0r 2

Q2
C To right
8 0r 4

Q2
D To left
8 0r 4

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*25*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 26
Do not write
outside the
2 1 The diagram shows two parallel, conducting plates and a graph of the variation of potential box

between the plates.

What is the magnitude of the electric field strength between the plates?
[1 mark]

A 400 N C−1

−1
B 800 N C

C 1600 N C−1

−1
D 40 000 N C

*26*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 27
Do not write
outside the
2 2 The diagram shows two horizontal plates with an electric field between them. box

A charged particle enters at right angles to the field. The force due to the electric field is
the only force acting on the particle.

Which change increases the vertical velocity of the particle as it leaves the electric field?
[1 mark]

A Decreasing the length of the plates.

B Increasing the separation of the plates.

C Decreasing the initial velocity of the particle.

D Using a particle of greater mass but the same charge.

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*27*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 28
Do not write
outside the
2 3 The graph shows the variation in electric field strength E with distance r from the centre of box

a charged body.

What is the potential difference between a point where r = 20 cm and a point where
r = 40 cm?
[1 mark]

A 2000 V

B 20 000 V

C 7500 V

D 750 000 V

*28*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 29
Do not write
outside the
2 4 The table shows data for two capacitors P and Q. Each capacitor contains a dielectric box

material.

P Q

Plate area A 3A

Plate separation d 1.5d

Relative permittivity of the dielectric εr 2εr

Potential difference across the plates V 2V

Energy stored / mJ 80

What is the energy stored by capacitor Q?

[1 mark]

A 160 mJ

B 320 mJ

C 640 mJ

D 1280 mJ

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*29*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 30
Do not write
outside the
2 5 The graph shows the variation of the charge Q on a capacitor with the potential box

difference V across it.

Which row shows the significance of the gradient of the graph and the area between the
line and the V axis?
[1 mark]

Gradient of the graph Area between the line and the V axis

A Charging current Time constant

B Charging current Energy stored in the capacitor

C Capacitance of the capacitor Time constant

D Capacitance of the capacitor Energy stored in the capacitor

2 6 Which of the following is equivalent to the time constant for a circuit used to charge or
discharge a capacitor?
[1 mark]

A Minus the reciprocal of the gradient of a graph of In(charge remaining)

against time when the capacitor is discharging.

B The gradient of a graph of charge against time for the discharging

capacitor at time t = 0

1
C The time taken for the charge to increase to times the maximum
e
charge when the capacitor is charging.

D The time taken for the charge to fall to half of the initial charge when the
capacitor is discharging.

*30*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 31
Do not write
outside the
2 7 The graph shows the variation with time of the number of nuclei of a radioactive nuclide in box

a sample.

What is the activity of the sample at P?

[1 mark]

14
A 0.9 × 10 Bq

14
B 1.6 × 10 Bq

C 4.0 × 1014 Bq

D 2.0 × 1015 Bq

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*31*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 32
Do not write
outside the
2 8 Radioactive decay is considered to be: box

[1 mark]

A spontaneous because all nuclei of a particular nuclide have different

decay constants.

B random because it is not possible to predict whether a nucleus will emit

an alpha particle, a beta particle or a gamma ray.

C random because it is not possible to predict when a particular nucleus

will decay.

D spontaneous because it happens suddenly when triggered by an event.

2 9 A radioactive source initially contains 6.0 mg of cobalt-60

The half-life of cobalt-60 is 1.66 × 108 s.

What is the initial activity of the source?

[1 mark]

11
A 2.5 × 10 Bq

12
B 2.5 × 10 Bq

C 7.9 × 1018 Bq

D 1.0 × 1027 Bq

*32*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 33
Do not write
outside the
3 0 A current-carrying wire lies horizontally in a magnetic field of magnetic flux density 0.10 T. box

The magnetic flux density B is directed perpendicularly into the page.

The wire is made from a material that contains 8.5 × 1028 free electrons per m3.
The mean speed of the free electrons is 1.8 × 10−4 m s−1.
The wire has a volume of 100 mm3.

What are the magnitude and direction of the force experienced by the wire?
[1 mark]

A 0.024 N in direction P

B 2.4 N in direction P

C 0.024 N in direction Q

D 2.4 N in direction Q

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*33*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 34
Do not write
outside the
3 1 A single rectangular coil has a length of 8.0 cm and a width of 5.0 cm. box

The plane of the coil is at 30° to the horizontal in a magnetic field. The magnetic field has
a magnetic flux density of 0.080 T directed horizontally as shown. The current in the coil is
2.0 A.

What is the moment of the couple experienced by the coil?

[1 mark]

−4
A 3.2 × 10 N m

B 3.7 × 10−4 N m

C 5.5 × 10−4 N m

D 6.4 × 10−4 N m

3 2 Which statement is correct about the motion of charged particles in a cyclotron?

[1 mark]

A Their speed increases in the electric field between the dees.

B Their speed increases in the magnetic field within the dees.

C Their path is parabolic inside a dee.

D Their path is a spiral inside a dee.

*34*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 35
Do not write
outside the
3 3 A closed horizontal conducting coil falls vertically through a uniform horizontal magnetic box

field. The coil has a small resistance.

Due to its movement through the magnetic field, the coil will experience:
[1 mark]

A a moment about its axis but no resultant force.

B a downward force only.

C an upward force only.

D no resultant force and no moment about its axis.

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*35*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 36
Do not write
outside the
3 4 The diagrams show a proton p and an antiproton p� entering a uniform magnetic field. box

The magnetic flux density is directed out of the page.

The proton and antiproton are too far apart to experience electrostatic attraction.

Which diagram shows the motion of the proton p and the antiproton p� ?
[1 mark]

A B

C D

*36*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 37

3 5 A transformer has a secondary rms current of 0.30 A, 400 turns on the primary coil and
2000 turns on the secondary coil.
The resistance of the primary coil is 2.0 × 10−3 Ω.
Assume that the power loss has a negligible effect on the overall efficiency of the
transformer.

What is the power loss in the primary coil?

[1 mark]

A 7.2 × 10−6 W

−4
B 1.2 × 10 W

C 3.0 × 10−3 W

D 4.5 × 10−3 W 30

END OF QUESTIONS

*37*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 38
Do not write
outside the
There are no questions printed on this page box

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

*38*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 39
Do not write
outside the
box
Question Additional page, if required.
number Write the question numbers in the left-hand margin.

*39*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 40
Do not write
outside the
box
Question Additional page, if required.
number Write the question numbers in the left-hand margin.

*40*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 41
Do not write
outside the
box
Question Additional page, if required.
number Write the question numbers in the left-hand margin.

*41*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 42
Do not write
outside the
box
Question Additional page, if required.
number Write the question numbers in the left-hand margin.

*42*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 43
Do not write
outside the
box
Question Additional page, if required.
number Write the question numbers in the left-hand margin.

*43*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03
 44
Do not write
outside the
There are no questions printed on this page box

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

Copyright information

For confidentiality purposes, acknowledgements of third-party copyright material will be published in a separate booklet rather than including them on
the examination paper or support materials. This booklet is published after each examination series and is available for free download from
www.oxfordaqaexams.org.uk after the live examination series.

Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright-holders may have been unsuccessful
and Oxford International AQA Examinations will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgements. If you have any queries please contact the
Copyright Team, AQA, Stag Hill House, Guildford, GU2 7XJ.

Copyright © 2019 Oxford International AQA Examinations and its licensors. All rights reserved.

*191XPH03*
*44*
IB/M/Jan19/PH03