Please write clearly in block capitals.

Centre number Candidate number

Surname

Forename(s)

Candidate signature
I declare this is my own work.

INTERNATIONAL AS
PHYSICS
Unit 1 Mechanics, materials and atoms

Tuesday 4 January 2022 07:00 GMT Time allowed: 2 hours

Materials For Examiner’s Use
For this paper you must have:
• a Data and Formulae Booklet as a loose insert Question Mark
• a ruler with millimetre measurements 1
• a scientific calculator, which you are expected to use where appropriate
2
• a protractor.
3
Instructions 4
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen. 5
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.
6
• Answer all questions.
• You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write 7
outside the box around each page or on blank pages. 8
• All working must be shown.
9
• If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of
this book. Write the question number against your answer(s). 10–23
• Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want TOTAL
to be marked.

Information
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 80.

*jAn22PH0101*
IB/M/Jan22/E7 PH01
 2

Do not write
outside the
Section A box

Answer all questions in this section.

0 1 Figure 1 shows a mass hanging in its equilibrium position O on a light, vertical spring.

Figure 1

The mass is pulled down to position X and then released. The mass reaches a
maximum height at position Y.

Describe the energy transfers in the system as the mass moves from X to Y.
[4 marks]

*02*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 3
Do not write
outside the
0 2 . 1 State the condition that is necessary for momentum to be conserved during a box

collision.
[1 mark]

0 2 . 2 Figure 2 shows two gliders X and Y moving horizontally on a frictionless track.

Initially:
• X is moving to the right at a speed of 0.90 m s−1
• Y is moving to the left at a speed of 0.80 m s−1.

Figure 2

The gliders collide.

After the collision:
• X moves to the left at a speed of 0.30 m s−1
• Y moves to the right at a speed of 0.15 m s−1.

The mass of X is 0.050 kg.

Calculate the mass of Y.

[3 marks]

4
mass of Y = kg
Turn over ►

*03*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 4
Do not write
outside the
0 3 Figure 3 is a velocity–time graph for a moving object. The displacement of the object box

is zero at time t = 0

Figure 3

*04*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 5
Do not write
outside the
Plot, on Figure 4, the displacement–time graph for the object between 0 and 6 s. box

[4 marks]

Figure 4

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*05*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 6
Do not write
outside the
0 4 . 1 State the products of the decay of a free neutron. box

[2 marks]

Two different experimental methods A and B are used to determine the average
time tn for the decay of a free neutron. Table 1 shows the result of each method.

Table 1

Method tn / s

A 887.7 ± 2.2

B 878.5 ± 0.8

0 4 . 2 Compare the precision of the measurement of tn determined by methods A and B.

[1 mark]

0 4 . 3 State what is meant by a reproducible measurement.

[1 mark]

*06*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 7
Do not write
outside the
0 4 . 4 Discuss whether methods A and B have provided a reproducible measurement of tn. box

[2 marks]

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*07*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 8
Do not write
outside the
0 5 Gold ions collide in a particle accelerator. Each ion is made by removing 77 electrons box

from an atom of gold (19779 Au ) in two stages.

0 5 . 1 In the first stage, ions of

197 Au32+ are made.
79

Calculate the number of electrons in an

197 Au32+ ion.
79
[1 mark]

number of electrons =

0 5 . 2 In the second stage, more electrons are removed to produce ions of

197 Au77+ .
79

Calculate the specific charge of an

197 Au77+ ion.
79
[3 marks]

specific charge = C kg−1

*08*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 9
Do not write

( 42 He)
outside the
box
Collisions between the gold ions produce nuclei of antimatter helium-4 .

0 5 . 3 State the constituents of one nucleus of antimatter helium-4

[2 marks]

0 5 . 4 Collisions between the gold ions lead to two annihilations:

• a nucleus of antimatter helium with a nucleus of helium

• an antiproton with a proton.

Both annihilations produce radiation.

The kinetic energy of the annihilating particles is negligible.

Compare the radiation produced as a result of the two different annihilations.

[3 marks]

Turn over ►

*09*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 10
Do not write
outside the
0 6 Figure 5 shows a uniform rod AB of length 30 cm and mass 6.0 g. box

The rod is supported at each end.

Figure 5

0 6 . 1 Calculate the magnitude of the force of one support on the rod.

[1 mark]

magnitude of force = N

0 6 . 2 Explain whether the forces from the supports on the rod produce a couple.
[2 marks]

0 6 . 3 State the principle of moments.

[2 marks]

*10*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 11
Do not write
outside the
The rod is now bent through an angle θ at X as shown in Figure 6. box

When the rod is balanced on a single support at X, section AX is horizontal.

length of AX = 10 cm
length of XB = 20 cm

Figure 6

0 6 . 4 Calculate θ.
[3 marks]

θ= degrees 8

Turn over ►

*11*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 12
Do not write
outside the
0 7 A system designed to store energy uses a large load suspended from four steel ropes box

in an underground vertical tunnel. Energy is stored when the load is lifted.

Figure 7

0 7 . 1 Figure 8 shows a vernier caliper measuring the maximum width of one steel rope.
The rope is made from seven identical wires.
Figure 9 shows a larger view of the scale of the caliper.

Figure 8 Figure 9

Show, using Figure 9, that the cross-sectional area of this rope is

approximately 9.0 × 10−3 m2.
[3 marks]

*12*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 13
Do not write
outside the
0 7 . 2 Figure 7 shows the load at its lowest point. The vertical length of each steel box

rope is 520 m.

Show that the total mass of the four ropes is approximately 9 × 104 kg.

density of steel = 4.7 × 103 kg m−3

[2 marks]

The maximum tension in each rope is 1.4 × 106 N when the load is accelerated from
its lowest point.

The mass of the load is 4.5 × 105 kg.

0 7 . 3 Calculate the acceleration of the load.

[4 marks]

acceleration = m s−2

Question 7 continues on the next page

Turn over ►

*13*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 14
Do not write
outside the
0 7 . 4 The breaking stress of the steel used to make the four ropes is 890 MPa. box

For safety reasons, the maximum stress in each rope during the acceleration must be
1
less than of the breaking stress.
5

Deduce whether these ropes are safe.

[2 marks]

0 7 . 5 It is suggested that the load and ropes will store 4 MW h of energy when the load has
been lifted by 520 m.

Deduce whether this suggestion is correct.

[4 marks]

15

END OF SECTION A

*14*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 15
Do not write
outside the
Section B box

Answer all questions in this section.

0 8 Figure 10 shows an arrangement used to investigate the inverse-square law for

gamma radiation.

The count rate is measured for a range of distances d between the source and the
Geiger Müller (GM) tube.

Figure 10

0 8 . 1 A background count is determined at the start and at the end of the investigation.

Explain why.
[1 mark]

When d = 9.0 cm the measured count rate is 84.49 s−1 and the corrected count
rate CR is 84.16 s−1.

0 8 . 2 Deduce the background count measured over a time period of 5 minutes.

[1 mark]

background count =

Question 8 continues on the next page

Turn over ►

*15*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 16
Do not write
outside the
1 box
Table 2 shows values of d, CR and .
CR

Table 2

1
1
d / cm CR / s −1 / s2
CR

9.0 84.16 0.109

12.0 56.93 0.133

16.0 35.19 0.169

20.0 23.98

24.0 18.39

28.0 14.79

0 8 . 3 Complete Table 2.
[1 mark]

*16*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 17
Do not write
outside the
1 box
Figure 11 is a plot of against d.
CR

Figure 11

0 8 . 4 Plot on Figure 11 the last three points from your completed Table 2.
[1 mark]

0 8 . 5 Draw on Figure 11 the line of best fit.

[1 mark]

Question 8 continues on the next page

Turn over ►

*17*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 18
Do not write
outside the
0 8 . 6 Discuss whether your graph supports the inverse-square law. box

[2 marks]

*18*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 19
Do not write
outside the
Turn over for the next question box

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

Turn over ►

*19*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 20
Do not write
outside the
0 9 Figure 12 shows a camera above a sports field. The camera is supported by box

two cables X and Y that pass over smooth pulleys. X and Y have negligible mass.

Figure 12

The camera is held stationary.

The tension in X is 450 N and X makes an angle of 32° to the horizontal.

Y makes an angle of 14° to the horizontal.

0 9 . 1 Show that the tension in Y is approximately 400 N.

[2 marks]

*20*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 21
Do not write
outside the
0 9 . 2 Determine, using a scale diagram, the weight of the camera. box

[3 marks]

weight = N

Question 9 continues on the next page

Turn over ►

*21*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 22
Do not write
outside the
0 9 . 3 Figure 13 shows the variation of stress with strain for the material used to make X. box

Figure 13

*22*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 23
Do not write
outside the
−6 2
X has a cross-sectional area of 6.7 × 10 m and an unstretched length of 75 m. box

The tension in X is 450 N.

Determine the extension of X.

[3 marks]

extension of X = m

0 9 . 4 The camera is moved horizontally to the right to a new stationary position.

Describe the change in the tension in X and the change in the tension in Y.
[1 mark]

END OF SECTION B

Turn over ►

*23*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 24
Do not write
outside the
Section C box

Each of the questions in this section is followed by four responses, A, B, C and D.

For each question select the best response.

Only one answer per question is allowed.

For each question, completely fill in the circle alongside the appropriate answer.

CORRECT METHOD WRONG METHODS

If you want to change your answer you must cross out your original answer as shown.

If you wish to return to an answer previously crossed out, ring the answer you now wish to select
as shown.

You may do your working in the blank space around each question but this will not be marked.
Do not use additional pages for this working.

1 0 A father pulls his child in a trolley at a constant speed of 2.0 m s−1 across a flat surface.

The father exerts a force of 70 N on the handle of the trolley for 2 minutes.

The handle of the trolley is at an angle of 55° to the vertical.

What is the work done by the father against the resistive forces that act on the trolley?
[1 mark]

A 9.6 kJ

B 14 kJ

C 17 kJ

D 21 kJ

*24*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 25
Do not write
outside the
1 1 Which row shows two scalar quantities and one vector quantity? box

[1 mark]

A momentum mass velocity

B acceleration speed time

C work done force displacement

D power velocity force

1 2 An object with mass m falls through the air with a terminal speed v.

How much energy is transferred to the air in time t?

[1 mark]

A mgt

B mgvt
mv
C
t
D mvt

1 3 A motor is supplied with 5.2 kJ of energy in 2.5 minutes.

The efficiency of the motor is 35%.

What is the useful power output of the motor?

[1 mark]

A 12 W

B 23 W

C 73 W

D 99 W

Turn over ►

*25*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 26
Do not write
outside the
1 4 An object is launched at an initial velocity of u at an angle of θ to the horizontal. box

The initial vertical displacement of the object is zero.

At time T, the vertical displacement of the object becomes zero again.

The effect of air resistance is negligible.

What is the vertical component of the velocity of the object at time T?

[1 mark]

A −usinθ

B −ucosθ

C usinθ

D ucosθ

1 5 An unpowered rollercoaster car is released from rest and descends through a height
of 55 m.

What is the maximum possible speed of the car?

[1 mark]

A 11 m s−1

B 16 m s−1

C 23 m s−1

D 33 m s−1

*26*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 27
Do not write
outside the
1 6 Three identical objects P, Q and R leave the edge of a table at the same time. box

P is released from rest and falls vertically.

Q and R are projected horizontally at different speeds.

The objects move in parallel vertical planes.

Which statement is correct?

[1 mark]

A P hits the floor before Q and R.

B Q hits the floor before R.

C Q hits the floor with the same speed as R.

D R hits the floor with the greatest speed.

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*27*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 28
Do not write
outside the
1 7 An atom travelling at speed v collides elastically with the wall of a container. box

Which diagram shows the change in velocity Δv of the atom for the collision?
[1 mark]

A B

C D

*28*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 29
Do not write
outside the
1 8 Three coplanar forces F1, F2 and F3 act on a point object. box

Which combination of these forces cannot produce a resultant force of zero?

[1 mark]

F1 F2 F3

A 1 10 10

B 6 8 10

C 10 10 10

D 2 7 10

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*29*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 30
Do not write
outside the
1 9 A wire obeys Hooke’s law. When an applied force F acts on the wire, the extension box

is x and the energy stored in the wire is E.

Which pair of graphs is correct?

[1 mark]

A B

C D

*30*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 31
Do not write
outside the
2 0 The graph shows the variation of strain with stress for two materials X and Y up to the box

points at which they break.

Which row is correct?

[1 mark]

Material with greater Material with greater

Young modulus breaking stress

A X X

B X Y

C Y X

D Y Y

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

*31*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 32
Do not write
outside the
2 1 A nucleus of lead deflects an alpha particle with a force F. box

At the instant shown in the diagram, the force exerted by the alpha particle on the lead
nucleus has a magnitude that is
[1 mark]

A zero.

B less than the magnitude of F.

C equal to the magnitude of F.

D greater than the magnitude of F.

*32*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 33
Do not write
outside the
2 2 When each nucleus in a radioactive source decays, 8.8 × 10 −13
J of energy is released. box

The source has a half-life of 90 years and an initial activity of 60 MBq.

What power will be available from the source after 270 years?
[1 mark]

A 6.6 × 10−7 W

B 6.6 × 10−6 W

C 1.3 × 10−5 W

D 1.8 × 10−5 W

2 3 A nuclide decays through a radioactive decay chain.

Four β− particles and two α particles are emitted.

The final nuclide

[1 mark]

A has a higher proton number than the original nuclide.

B has the same nucleon number as the original nuclide.

C has the same proton number as the original nuclide.

D has a higher nucleon number than the original nuclide. 14

END OF QUESTIONS

*33*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 34
Do not write
outside the
There are no questions printed on this page box

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

*34*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 35
Do not write
outside the
box
Question Additional page, if required.
number Write the question numbers in the left-hand margin.

*35*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01
 36
Do not write
outside the
box
Question Additional page, if required.
number Write the question numbers in the left-hand margin.

Copyright information

For confidentiality purposes, all acknowledgements of third-party copyright material are published in a separate booklet. This booklet
is published after each live examination series and is available for free download from www.oxfordaqaexams.org.uk.

Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright-holders may have
been unsuccessful and Oxford International AQA Examinations will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgements. If you
have any queries please contact the Copyright Team.

Copyright © 2022 Oxford International AQA Examinations and its licensors. All rights reserved.

*221xph01*
*36*
IB/M/Jan22/PH01