Real-Life Application of

: Calculus :
Wholeness is not achieved by cutting off a portion of one’s being but by
integration of the contraries.

Submitted To: Dr. Richa Sharma Submitted by:

Siddhesh Sharma / 23BEC50001
Sneha Mishra / 23BEC10132
Hrishabh Thakur / 23BEC10126
 01
SIGNAL PROCESSING
Integration is essential for analyzing and processing signals in various
electronic devices. By using techniques like Fourier transform and
Laplace transform, we can integrate signals to extract valuable
information, remove noise, and improve overall signal quality in
communication systems.
 Fourier Transform
➢ The fourier transform converts a signal from its time domain
representation to its frequency domain representation. This
allows us to analyze the frequency components present in
the signal.
➢ It decomposes a function into its constituent frequencies.
➢ It represents a function as a sum of sinusoidal functions
with different frequencies, phases, and amplitudes.
 Laplace Transform
➢ The laplace transform is like a magic mathematical tool
that helps us understand and analyze signals in a better
way.
➢ It takes a signal in the time domain and transforms it into a
different representation called the laplace domain.
➢ It is a way to analyze signals in terms of their frequency
content and dynamics.
➢ It allows us to convert differential equations into algebraic
equations, making it easier to solve and analyze systems.
➢ By transforming a signal into the laplace domain, we can
perform operations like differentiation and integration
more easily, making it a powerful tool in signal processing.
 AGAIN, WHY SIGNAL PROCESSING!!??
➢ For performing filtering, amplification, modulation
➢ In audio processing, adjusting the volume of an audio signal using a volume control knob.
➢ Noise cancellation in audio signals.
➢ Useful in applications such as speech recognition or audio recording in noisy environments.
➢ Image enhancement in digital photography
➢ Sharpening and contrast adjustment to improve the quality of an image.
➢ In the field of telecommunications, it is used for data compression and error correction.
➢ For example, in digital audio and video streaming, signal processing techniques such as compression
algorithms (e.G. MP3, JPEG) are used to reduce the size of the data while maintaining acceptable quality.
 How Integral Calculus is used in Astronomy

01 02 03
Planetary Motion Light Intensity Gravitational Lensing
 Planetary Motion

Calculation of Orbital Velocities Formula

o Integral calculus helps us figure out how fast planets are
moving as they travel in their orbits. The force of gravity on a 𝑟2
planet changes as it moves along its oval-shaped path around G. m
the sun. Δ𝑣 = න 2
o By integrating the gravitational force equation with respect to
𝑟
𝑟1
the distance over the orbit, astronomers can determine the
change in kinetic energy of the planet. This provides insights
into the planet's orbital speed and its variation throughout
the orbit.
 02

Light Intensity
Light intensity refers to the brightness or luminance of light at a particular location
 Applications of Light Intensity

o Integrating light intensity is crucial for spacecraft mission

planning to solar system planets. It helps design observation
strategies, optimize spacecraft trajectories, and achieve scientific
objectives effectively..

o Integrating light intensity is vital for detecting and studying

exoplanets. Changes in the intensity of light from stars hosting
exoplanets, observed during transits, reveal the presence and
properties of these orbiting planets. This information includes
size, orbit, and atmospheric composition, crucial for
characterizing exoplanetary systems.
 Gravitational Lensing

Calculation of Gravitational Lensing Formula

o Gravitational lensing, predicted by general relativity, bends
∞
light around massive objects like galaxies. This distortion
Δα = 2 න α 𝑏 ⅆ𝑏
magnifies, distorts, or multiplies images of distant objects, 0
aiding in studying dark matter and distant phenomena.
o Integration in gravitational lensing helps calculate how much α(b) is the deflection angle as a function of the
light bends around massive objects. This predicts distortions in impact parameter (b)
images of faraway objects, helping us understand how matter is
The integral is taken over all possible values of
spread out and learn about dark matter. It's essential for
the impact parameter from 0 to ∞.
accurately studying gravitational effects in space.
 : Heat-Loss through Buildings :
❖ Calculus is used to minimize heat loss
through buildings through mathematical
techniques like optimization and
differentiation.
❖ These techniques help scientists find the
minimum value of a function, which can
then be used to determine the optimal
solution for minimizing heat loss.
 : Significance :

❖ Calculating heat loss is important

because it helps you design and size a
heating system accurately, which can
reduce costs and environmental impact. It
can also help you identify problem areas in
your home where you could improve the
heat loss.

❖ Also helps in determining the types of

material that can be used in the
construction of buildings.
: Significance :
 : Mathematical Implementations :
Instantaneous Firing Rate

❖ The reciprocal value of the interval

between consecutive spikes — known
as the instantaneous firing rate —
offers the traditionally employed
alternative. Although the physical
dimension of the instantaneous rate is
compatible with the firing frequency,
the averages of the two quantities
differ.
 : Transition Probability :
Transition Probability - The probability of moving from one state of a system into another
state.
 The Conclusion
Diverse application of calculus in
Signal Processing Astronomy range of fields
Integrals are vital in signal processing,
improving quality and efficiency in Astronomy teaches us about space Calculus, crucial for managing
audio and image processing. They using three things: bending light, how continuous change, plays a pivotal role
extract crucial data for informed planets move, and how bright stars are. across diverse fields. In construction, it
decisions, enhancing communication Bending light shows faraway things ensures structural integrity and
and analysis in various fields. better. Planet motion helps space travel. efficient resource use. In electronics, it
Understanding and using integrals Brightness tells us what stars are made elucidates voltage-current
benefits communication, image and of. All these help us understand space relationships. Medicine benefits from
sound manipulation, and data analysis, better. disease modeling and treatment
amplifying their effectiveness. optimization. Credit card companies
use it for financial computations.
Calculus underpins progress in
engineering, medicine, and finance.