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DBS Dec 2023

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30 views3 pages

DBS Dec 2023

Uploaded by

ben munjaru
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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JOMOKENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2023 SECOND YEAR FIRST SEMESTER


EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
MATHEMETICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

ICS 2206: DATABASE SYSTEMS

DATE: DECEMBER 2023 TIME: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER QUESTION ONE AND ANY OTHER TWO QUESTIONS

QUESTION ONE: (30 MARKS)

(a) Define the following terms and concepts as applied to database systems. [4 Marks]
(i) Query processing

(ii) Database Tuning

(b) (i) With a suitable diagram, explain the Architecture of Distributed Database Systems [3 Marks]

(ii) Give the role of Database Administrator with respect to security. [2Marks]

(c) (i) Explain the concept of physical data independence and its importance in DBMS [2 marks]
(ii) Describe the difference between relation and relation schema. [2 Marks]
(d) (i) State and explain any three components of a relational database [3 marks]
(ii) Explain how transaction logs and checkpoints are used in database recovery. [4 marks]
(iii) State two measures of the cost of query evaluation. [2 Marks]
(e) (i) Using a diagram, briefly describe the five states of transaction [5 marks]
(ii)Draw a three level scheme architecture, showing its corresponding abstractions [3 marks]
QUESTION TWO
a) Describe any four components of Database Management Systems [4 marks]
b) Discuss any four types of database systems [6 marks]
c) “Concurrent transactions can present various problems”. Describe some of these problems and
explain how they can be resolved [10 marks]

QUESTION THREE
(a) After a transaction is rolled back under the timestamps ordering protocol, it is usually assigned new
timestamps when it starts again, can it keep its old timestamps? Explain. [4 Marks]
(b) Briefly describe the Database life cycle [12 marks]
(c) Consider yourself the database administrator of Wanaweza Limited and create a relation called
Employees with field ename, dept and salary. For authorization reasons, also define views, EmployeeNames
(with ename as the only attribute) and DeptInfo with field’s dept and avgsalary. The latter lists the average
salary of each department. State the privileges that should be granted to a user who needs to know only the
average department salaries for the Marketing and Production departments? [4 Marks]

QUESTION FOUR
a) Distinguish between;
i. Simjple and composite attributes [2 marks]
ii. Single valued and multi valued attributes [2 marks]
b) Evaluate any two causes of transaction failure [4 marks]
c) Briefly describe the three Concurrency Control Protocols [12 marks]

QUESTION FIVE
a) Explain four characteristics of a relational model in Database Systems [8 marks]
c) Explain how recovery manager ensures atomicity and durability of transactions in databases. [4 Marks]
(c) What are the considerations in determining the locking granulity when executing SQL statements?
. [4 Marks]

(d) Name the recovery-related steps taken during normal execution in transactional processing. [4 Marks]

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