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Sqlbasicnotes

Sql basics

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V ShivaSankara Varaprasad
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7 views

Sqlbasicnotes

Sql basics

Uploaded by

V ShivaSankara Varaprasad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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‘Table of Content SOL Tutorial Audience. Prerequisite Copyright & Disclaimer Notice... SQL Overview. ‘nate 8017 wmysav, Histon 01 Proves S50 Cemmanss: DOL - Dara DatinenLanguga: nn ' oo DMC Data Wanpuaton Language: sso en SAL RDBMS Coots. nats fo? ‘tis coum. nate NULL vac 501 Censraint NOT NULL Contra DEFAULT Consvant. nn Bxanpi Drop Dotau Conan LUMtaUE Consta Bsampl:. meson DRO? a UNIQUE Cons — ce PRWARY Key. . m2 ‘Coaia Primary Koy Ta mae Delete Primary Key cur nsnnsn sn EB FOREIGN Kenn 7 ae xa ene ae [DROP a FOREIGN KEY Constant nas CHECK Corsa unninnnmnnnnnnonnnnnnn 28 Banpi 7 me as DDRO® # CHECK Canaan a 8 INDEX. ——- ae) ToToRACS FONT Bxanpi. so DRO? a INDEX Corsa. Data ines. = Datatare Namalzatn, Trig Rule of INF. SQL RDBMS Databases, Sat... Histon. Focus: SQLSELECT Sistarnt SQL DISTINCT Cruse! SOL WHERE Cau... SOL ANDIOR Cle. SQL Ciause: S501 BETWEEN Ciuse SQL Lae Clauss: SQL ORDER BY Clase SQL GROUP BY Cleve SQL COUNT Clause: SQL HAVING Cave SOLCREATE TABLE Eitan ‘SQL DROP TABLE Statement 'SOL-CREATE INDEX Stterent SQL DROP INDEX sistent SOL DESC Statement SQL TRUNCATE TABLE Satan SOL ALTER TABLE Statement SSQL ALTER TABLE Strement Rename) SOLINSERTINTO Statement. 50. UPDATE Staten. japan ge Le [DROP a NOEX Cansrain., Drisbase Narnaizaion Thies Rul of INF. ‘SQL RDBMS Databases, wysat, Histon: Features MS SOL Sere. Histon! Fearon. ORACLE ison: Features Ms- ACCESS. ‘SOL SELECT Sislamant SSQLDISTINGT Causes. SOLWHERE Clase ‘SOL ANDIOR Cause: SOLINCiave8: ovens ‘SOLBETWEEN Cinuta SOLU C1088 crs ‘SOL HAVING Cie: . : ‘SOL CREATE TABLE Statement ae ‘SOL DROP TABLE Stent... ‘SOL CREATE INDEX Statement. x ~ ‘SOL DROP INDEX Statement. mn SOLDESC Stator: recon sae ‘SOL TRUNCATE TABLE Statement. ‘SQL ALTER TABLE Stoner... ‘SOL ALTER TASLE Siatomect (Rename): ‘SQLINSERT INTO Statement. - ~ 'SOLUPDATE Salem TUTORIALS PONT ‘SOL DELETE Stelament. ‘SOL CREATE DATABASE Statement. SOLDROP DATABAGE Statement ‘SOLUSE Siaternt nn SOL COMMIT Statement ‘SOL ROLLEACK Statement ‘SQL Data Types Ect Numatic Data Type ‘eprosimate Huraie ata Types ‘send Te Data Typo (Character Stings Data Type ‘Unicode Character Stings Data Types: Binary Data Types Mie Bata Type ‘SAL Oporators. ‘ati an Opa in SOL? ‘SOL Arhmete Operates. ‘SQL Cemparson Opwator ‘SOL Legleal Operators ‘SOL Numer Expression. ‘SOL Date Exressions: ‘SQL CREATE Databaso, Syn SQL SELECT Database. Syma xanga ‘SOL CREATE Tabi Beare es ‘SQL DROP or DELETE Tab TUTORIALS PONT sya. Exam ‘SQL INSERT Query. sya Brampie eu cr i wing oar $01 SELECT due. Syme, Example SOL WHERE Clause SQL AND and OR Operas “The AND Ope? nnn BZSRqaaesAeeeesResssss amp ‘SQL TOP Clause Sree. Sar ORDER BYE: Bap SQL Distinct Keyword. 22338533 Syea. TUTORIALS PONT SQC SER FiNG Rass onan. os NOT NULL Const n [DEFAULT Conant. LUNQUE Constants Bangi: [DROP a UNIQUE Constant PRIMARY Keene ‘reat Primary Key nn Delete Primary Kay: FOREIGN Key. Example [DROP a FOREIGN KEY Coneaio CHECK Const nr Examples DROP a CHECK Cons seeeezerssszes geeaee s 8 98 98 96 98 - SQL Constainise. NOT NULL Contant [DEFAULT Corsi Exam Drop Daas Gon UNIQUE Constain Exam. : [DROP a UNIGUE Conia PRIIARY Koy: Cresta Prnany ka Drie Primary Kay FOREIGN Key Exampi:. [DROP a FOREIGN KEY Cone 3 CHECK Consai nor nn 0 Bamps: 0 [DROP m GHEGK Const ot INDEX: . ‘at Exams st [DROP a NDEX Cansiint.. ‘ot Dropping Comal: = 92 Integr Constance cs ‘2 SAL Joins co ‘SOL Join TYPO swan n 8 INNER JOW. ~ ~ S}1ME sonra ' ~ 4 Baap ~ st LEFTION. conn ~ 5 Syne teem 88 Exam 98 96 98 “er TUTORIALS POT Spy Ey earn xamp nsnesmninnnenninnn penn SELFION. ‘anrmnaniteremennine 28 Syae —anieninn vr Examples : airmen 29 CARTESIAN JON ro ssoncvonsonsnn Seon Exam. SAL Incoxas. “Tho CREATE INDEX Command ‘Single-Ctur ingoees ‘Une inves: Compas Issa Api nono ‘The CROP INDEX Command ‘SQL ALTER TABLE Command, oo 15 ‘Syne Exampe ‘SOL TRUNGATE TABLE. Syae. Exar SQL" Using Views (reating Views: Exam. ‘The WITH CHECK GPTION. Updating a View TUTORIALS PONT Inserting Rows int View. ‘Deeing Rows ino a Vew Dropping Views . SOL HAVING CLAUSE... ‘sya. 2 Exagie SOL Tansacions: Ss ms — : 125 “Toe COMI Coad Sunn tas Ea “TheROLLBACK Command ra = W200 ‘The SAVEPOWNT Canines ramp = “ar ‘The RELEASE SAV/EPOIT Cameron “28 “The SET TRANSACTION Command = “25 SOL Wideard Operators "130 Sa " an) Example: i at ‘SOU Dato Fandom. 132 ADODATE\st NTERVAL x th ABEDATEo ‘ADOTINE erro) OmNERT Fete a) ‘cURDATES ‘CURRENT. CURTINEG — {Cunent iié ane CURRENT ThiEQ n (CURRENT TIMESTAMP and CURRENT THESTANE RTE nnn —— DATEDIF (erin) BATE. ADD\ate INTERVAL op nh ‘OATE_SUstene INTERVAL expr nt) DDATE_FORUAT(sajom) OATE_SUBGaMINTERVAL Davida) DDAYNANE(t) a ‘BavOFUONTH a DORYOPWEEK( Io. TuTORALSPONT DAVOFYEAR (nes EEXTRACT(unt FROM dat) FROM DAYS(N on [FROME UNIKTINE (une estan). : [FROM UNDCTINE (iret oma ~ HOURUme) LAST _DAYate) oo {LOCATE ae LOCAL TINE ia LOCALTINESTAMP and LOCALTIESTAMDD). MAKEDATE year daytyean on. MAKETIME fourm sacs. ‘MIGROSECONO(ox. MaNUTE(ene) MONTES). MONTHNAME oat) NO wnnnrnnnnn PERIOD_ADDIPN) PERIOD_DIFFIP.P2. ‘QUARTER(cat). 'SECONDIGIe) nn ‘SEC_TO_TIE(secon) oS 'STR_TO_DATE(st fom) SUBOATEanNTERVAL vt ad SUBOATE(O YH ~ SSUBTIME(OHBF 2 SYSUATED) Toe (ox. {TOME IFF(expr exp). “TOME STAMP(oxpn, TMESTANP(OWpr 2), ‘TMESTAMPADDIunirvevalesteume exp) “ToHESTAMPDIFF (una dateme_ expr dete xp) {Te FORMATImefomat) aco TIME_TO_SEGIM€) women nnn To_DAYS{eae). roc Testa Ni TiveS Ta UTC_DATE, UTC DATED. UTCLTINE, UTC TIMEQ) ro UTC-TIMESTAMP, UTC. TIMESTAMP WEEK modo). iad. nice ANDO DAYOFYEAR|S) nse i [EXTRACT( Un FROM dats). oe FROM_DAYSIV. 7 ' FROM UNDETINE nie tnestame) a FROM UNDETIME(snictmastamp foal ss son HOURIne) in LAST_DAY(at)| : LOCALTIME ans LOCALTIVEG, LOCALTINESTANP and LOCALTMESTAMP. MAKEDATE(yea.cyetea) ome MAKETIME tour miute secon) - MICROSECOHD( EH nn EE MINUTE) oe ' Sn tonics), = 12/200 MONTHINAME(eae) meet - NOP en ia PERIOD ADDF). eieoretcieonieeee a4 PERIOD_DIFFIPI.P2) erent 14 ‘QUARTERS. vucnanannnsone Nh ‘SECOND}tno). ' as 'SEC_TO_TME{seeend). Es 'STRITO_DATE(@t format 48 'SUBDATE(aate INTERVAL expr Un) and SUBDATEeg 45/8) 165 SSUBTIE( expe), ~ ar SYSDATED, z TINE(e TMEDIF Flex expr) TIMESTANE oypn),TMESTANP( om ‘TiMESTAMPACDIuntinievaleateime. ex. TMESTANEDIFF (ot dtetne exe tin "TiME_FORMAT(ie format. TIME_T0.sECitme), a To_DaYStaato) LUNIX_TMESTANE, UND TIMESTAMP (da) UTC _DATE, UTC_CATEY) m ‘Ure Te, UTC THM). ~ LUTC-TIMESTAMD, UTC. TIMESTAUPQ Wweeaate moze) - WEEKDAY(@30) TOToRALS FONT WEEKOFYEAR(S6) sso msnnnnnnnsaninnnnsnet ‘YEAR(sa) = 150 YEARWEEK(dte), YEARIWEEK(t6 O68) oy yonnn set ‘SQL Temporary Tables, Beare ‘repcing Terran Tables: 'SGL Clone Tables. xorg. Sip so Sep: Sal Sub Gueros ‘Subquers wih ha SELECT Stataant Exerc: ‘Subqueres wih he INSERT Staten Exar. : ‘Subqueres win he UPDATE Staten Exar. ‘Sunqueres win he CELETE Statement BMH 7 SQL Using Sequences, ‘Using AUTO_INCREMENT colin Bears (Obes AUTO. INCREMENT Value PERL Example: PHP Example Renumbering an Exng Segue: ‘Staring a Sequence aa Parcs Vale SQL = Handing Oupiates.... ‘yw Brora ‘SQL injection Preventing SQL Inecton ‘The LIKE Quaneary ‘SOL Use Functions SUX) ons COS). ASIN ATANOO. ene ‘YeaRweenias) YeARWEERos ods) Sac tonperay Tales en : Drone orp ai ooo eae. cane ete an —_— BEL Sib ciate. Soares winte LEST denne a Satter nies et Saar as —— Ai ai Set ear

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