ELECTRIC CHARGES

1) Define electrostatics. Name a simple apparatus to detect charge on a body.

2) What is electric charge? Is it scalar or vector quantity?

3) Two identical metallic spheres of exactly equal masses are taken. One is given a positive
charge q coulomb and other an equal negative charge. Are their masses after charging
equal?

4) Explain (a) positively charged body (b) negatively charged body in terms of number of
electrons and protons.

5) Two charges q1 and q2 separated by a small distance satisfy the equation q1+q2 = 0. What
does it tell about the charges?

6) How we can distinguish between conductors and insulators in terms of no of free electrons

7) Define the term earthing. Consider a negatively charged body. It is then grounded with a
wire. Explain how charges flow in the process of earthing. Name the parameter that
controls the amount of charge flow?
8) What are the different methods of charging a body? Explain them.
9) If a body contains ‘n1’ electrons and ‘n2’ protons then what is the total charge on the body?
10) “The total charge of the isolated system is always conserved.” So how positive or negative
charge is developed in bodies?
11) Can a body have a charge of 0.8 X 10-19 C? Justify your answer by comment.
12) What is quantization of charge? Calculate the number of electrons in -1C charge. If a body
contains +1C charge what we can say about number of electrons and protons.
13) Can quantization of electric charge be ignored? Explain.

COULOMB’S LAW

14) State coulomb’s law.

15) Plot the variation of coulomb force versus

(a) distance between the charges

(b) 1/square of distance between the charges

16) Force between two-point charges kept at a distant d apart in air F. If these charges are kept
at the same distance in water how does the electric force between them change?

17) Two point charges repel each other with a force F when placed in water of dielectric
constant 81.What will the force between them when placed the same distance apart in air‘?
18) Plot a graph showing the variation of Coulomb force ‘F’ v/s ‘1/r2’. Where ‘r’ is the distance
between the two charges of each pair of the charges: (1µC, 2µC) and (2µC, -3µC). Interpret
the graphs obtained.

19) A charged metallic sphere A having charge Q is brought in contact with an uncharged
metallic sphere of same radius and then separated by a distance d. What is the electrostatic
force between them?

20) Consider three charges of values q, q, -q are placed at the vertices of a equilateral tringle
of side l, calculate the force on a charge q placed at the centroid the triangle.

21) Two electrons and a proton and a positive charge q are held along a straight line. At what
position and what magnitude of q will the system be in equilibrium? Can the equilibrium
be stable or unstable?

22) Prove that Coulomb’s law agrees with the Newton’s third law.

ELECTRIC FIELD
23) Define electric field. Write and state its SI unit.

24) Name the physical quantity whose SI unit is volt/meter. Is it a scalar or a vector quantity?

25) Draw the pattern of electric field lines, when a point charge – Q is kept near an uncharged
conducting plate.

26) The given figure shows three different patterns of electric field lines. In each pattern, a
proton is releases from rest at point P and then accelerated towards the point Q by the
electric field. Rank the patterns according to the linear momentum of the proton when it
reaches Q greatest force.

27) Justify the statement “The magnitude of electric field E due to a point charge is thus same
on a sphere with the point charge at its Centre”.

28) What is the physical significance of electric field?

29) Why do the electrostatic field lines not form closed loops?

30) Draw the patterns of electric field lines, when a charge of -Q is kept near an uncharged
conducting plate.

31) An electron and proton are released from rest in a uniform electrostatic field. Which of
them will have larger acceleration?

32) A pendulum of mass 80 mg carrying a charge of 20 nC is at rest in a horizontal uniform

electric field of 2 X 104 V/m. Find the tension in the thread of the pendulum and angle it
makes with the vertical.

33) Two-point charges of 1.6 X 10-6 C and -9 µC are placed 10 cm apart in air. Determine the
position of the point at which the resultant field is zero.

34) In a uniform electric field of strength E, a charged particle Q moves point A to point B in
the direction of the field and back from B to A. Calculate the ratio of the work done by the
electric field in taking the charge particle from A to B and from B to A.

35) Draw electric field lines due to

(a) q > 0 (b) q1q2 < 0 (where q, q1 and q2 are electric charges )

ELECTRIC DIPOLE

36) Define the term electric dipole moment of a dipole. State its SI unit.

37) Electric dipole moment of CuSO4 molecule is 3.2 x 10-32 Cm. Find the separation between
copper and sulphate ions.

38) Define an ideal dipole give an example.

39) How much is the dipole moment of non-polar molecule.

40) Derive an expression for electric field due to a dipole at a point on the equatorial line to
the field and at a point at a point on the axial line.

41) What is a point dipole.

ELECTRIC FLUX

42) Define electric flux. Write its SI units

43) A charge Q µC is placed at the center of the cube. What is the electric flux coming out
from any one surface?

44) A charge ‘q’ is placed at the centre of an imaginary spherical surface. What will be the
electric flux due to this charge through any half of the sphere?

45) If a dipole of charge 2pC is placed inside a sphere of radius 2m, what is the net flux linked
with the sphere.
46) If the radius of the Gaussian surface enclosing a point charge in the center is halved, how
does the electric flux through the Gaussian surface change?

47) The electric field component in the figure are EX = 2x ȋ, EY = EZ = 0. Calculate the flux
through, (1, 2, 3) the square surfaces of side 5m.

GAUSS THEOREM AND ITS APPLICATION

48) State Gauss's theorem. Draw the electric field v/s distance (from the centre) graph for (i) a
long-charged rod having linear charge density λ < 0 (ii) spherical shell of radius R and
charge Q > 0.

49) A thin metallic spherical shell of radius R carries a charge Q on its surface. A point charge
Q/2 is placed at its center C and another charge +2Q is placed outside the shell at a distance
x from the center as shown

Find
(i) the force on the charge at the center of the shell and at the point A .
(ii) the electric flux through the shell.

50) A thin long conductor has linear charge density of 20 µC/m. Calculate the electric field at
a point 5 cm from it. Draw a graph to show variation of electric field with distance from
the conductor.

51) Using Gauss’s theorem in electrostatics, deduce an expression for electric field intensity
due to a charged spherical shell at a point (i) inside (ii) on its surface (iii) outside it.
Graphically show the variation of electric field intensity with distance from the centre of
shell.

52) Derive an expression for the electric field due to a charged plane sheet. Find the potential
difference between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor having surface density of charge
5 x 10-8 Cm-2 with the separation between plates being 4 mm. How the electric field varies
with distance from the plate. Plot a graph for the same.

ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL
53) A charge ‘q’ is moved from a point A above a dipole of dipole moment ‘p’ to a point B
below the dipole in equatorial plane without acceleration. Find the work done in the
process.

54) Define electrostatic potential and its unit. Obtain expression for electrostatic potential at a
point P in the field due to a point charge.

55) A uniform electric field exists between the two parallel plates of a capacitor. What is the
work done in taking a unit positive charge along the path ABCD?

56) Two charges 3 × 10-8 C and –2 × 10-8 C are located 15 cm apart. At what point on the line
joining the two charges is the electric potential zero? Take the potential at infinity to be
zero.

57) A point charge ‘Q’ is placed at point O shown in Fig. Is the potential
difference VA — VB positive, negative or zero, if ‘Q’ is (i) positive (ii) negative
charge

58) What is an equipotential surface? Write its three properties Sketch equipotential surfaces
of (a) isolated point charge (b) Uniform electric field (c) Dipole.

59) Draw schematically an equipotential surface of a uniform electrostatic field along x-axis.

ELECTRIC FIELD AND ELECTRIC POTENTIAL

60) Derive a relation for electric field and electric potential. If field is uniform how potential
varies with field.

61) Depict the orientation of the dipole in (i) stable, (ii) unstable equilibrium in a uniform
electric field.

62) The electric potential ‘V’ at any point in space is given V = 20x3 volt, where ‘x’ is in meter.
Calculate the electric intensity at point P (1, O, 2).
63) Draw a plot showing the variation of (a) electric field ‘E’ and (b) electric potential ‘V’
with distance ‘r’ due to a point charge ‘Q’.

POTENTIAL ENERGY

64) Derive an expression for Potential energy of a dipole in an external field

65) Four charges ‘+ q’, ‘—q’, ‘+q’, ‘—q ‘are placed as shown in the figure. What is the work
done in bringing a test charge from w to point 0?

66) An electric dipole is held in a uniform electric field. Show that net force acting on it is
zero.

67) Four-point charges qA = 2 μC, qB = –5 μC, qC = 2 μC, and qD = –5 μC are located at the
corners of a square ABCD of side 10 cm. What is the force on a charge of 1 μC placed at
the center of the square?

68) Two charges —q and +q are located at points A (0, 0, -a) and B (0. 0, +a). How much work
is done in moving a test charge from point (b, 0, 0) to Q (—b, 0. 0)?

69) If an electron is accelerated by a Potential difference of 1 Volt. Calculate the gain in energy
in Joule and electron volt.

70) Diagrammatically represent the position of a dipole in (i) stable (ii) unstable equilibrium
when placed in a uniform electric field.

71) How does the energy of dipole change when it in rotated from unstable equilibrium to
stable equilibrium in a uniform electric field.

72) The variation of potential with distance from a fixed point is as shown in the figure. What
is the electric field at (i) x = 8m (ii) x = 14m?
73) Figure shown below shows three point A, B, C in a uniform electrostatic field. At which
point in the following (a) electrostatic potential is maximum. (b) Force is maximum.

ELECTROSTATICS OF CONDUCTORS

74) Why the electrostatic field should is zero inside a conductor?

75) Ordinary rubber is an insulator. But the special rubber tyres of aircrafts are made slightly
conducting. Why is this necessary?

76) Does the charge given to a metallic sphere depend on whether it is hollow or solid? Give
reason for your answer.

77) Why must electrostatic field be normal to the surface at every point of the charge
conductor?

78) Why is electrostatic potential constant throughout the volume of the conductor and has the
same value (as in side) on its surface?

79) (a)Two isolated metal spheres A and B have radii R and 2R respectively and same charge
q. Find which of the two spheres has greater (i) capacitance (ii) energy density just outside
the spheres.

(b) Concentric equipotential surfaces due to a point charge at the centre are shown.Identify the
polarity of the charge and draw the field lines.

80) A hallow metal sphere of radius 5cm is charged such that the potential on its surface is
10V. What is the potential at its center?

81) A charge ‘Q’ is distributed over a metal sphere of radius ‘R’. What is the electric field and
electric potential at the centre?

POLARIZATION

82) What is meant by dielectric polarization? Why does the electric field inside a dielectric
decrease when it is placed in an external field?

83) Define dielectric constant on the basis of these fields.

CAPACTANCE

84) What is dielectric strength? Express dielectric constant in terms of

(a) ratio of force
(b) ratio of electric field
(c) ratio of capacitance.
Write the value of dielectric strength of air.

85) Calculate the potential difference in the capacitance C2 in the circuit shown. The potential
at A is 90V and C1 = 20 μF , C2 = 30 μF, C3=15 μF.

86) Describe briefly the process of transferring the charge between the two plates of a parallel
plate capacitor when connected to a battery. Derive an expression for the energy stored in
a capacitor.

87) A capacitor of unknown capacitance is connected across a battery of V volts. The charge
stored in it is 360 μC. When the potential is reduced by 120V, the charge stored in it
becomes 120 μC. Calculate the potential V and capacitance C

88) A 200 pF capacitor is charged by a 100 V supply. It is then disconnected from the supply
and is connected to another uncharged 200 pF capacitor. How much electrostatic energy
is lost in the process? Also write the possible reason for the energy loss.

89) Three capacitors are connected first in series and then in parallel. Find the equivalent
capacitance for each type of combination

90) A capacitor 200 pF is charged by a 300V battery. The battery is disconnected and the
charged capacitor is connected to another uncharged capacitor 100pF. Calculate the
difference in the final and initial energy stored.

91) Derive an expression for the energy density of a parallel plate capacitor.

92) Net capacitance of three identical capacitors connected in parallel is 12 µF. What will be
the net capacitance when two of them are connected in (i) parallel (ii) series?

93) Find equivalent capacitance between A and B in the combination given below : each
capacitor is of 2 pF.
If a dc source of 7 V is connected across AB, how much charge is drawn from the source
and what is the energy stored in the network?

94) If a dielectric slab is introduced between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor after the
battery is disconnected, then how do the following quantities change?
(a) Charge (b) Potential
(c) Capacitance (d) Energy.
95) You are given an air-filled parallel plate capacitor. Two slabs of dielectric constants ‘K1’
and ‘K2’ having been filled in between the two plates of the capacitor as shown in Fig.
What will be the capacitance of the capacitor of initial area was A distance between
plates‘d’?