Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

Example 10. Analysis of sheet piling (strengthened with anchors) together with soil
of foundation pit [with nonlinear elements of soil, simulation of anchor pretension,
simulation of excavation of a pit]

In this lesson you will learn how to:

– simulate multi-layer foundation using Coulomb-Mohr criterion;
– generate design model of the sheet piling of the foundation pit during assemblage;
– perform nonlinear analysis of the system 'nonlinear foundation - linear structures of sheet piling' with
account of assemblage process and excavation of a pit;
– perform analysis with account of modulus of elasticity of soil along the unloading path (account of unloading
of soil model).

Description:
Three-layer foundation with dimensions 60x20m, thickness 1.0m (see Figure 10.1).
Pit of the following size: 20x8m (see Figure 10.1).
Vertical sheet piling with height 14m (see Figure 10.1).
Supports for anchors of length 3m, anchors of length 10m located at the angle 45 (see Figure 10.1).
Analysis of foundation is performed with FE of dimensions 1.0x1.0m.

Figure 10.1 Model of sheet piling of a pit and loads on multi-layer foundation

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

Loads:

load case 1 – dead weight of soil of three-layer foundation;

load case 2
– dead uniformly distributed load g1= 1.0 t/m and dead uniformly distributed load g2= 0.5 t/m applied to the
surface of foundation (see Figure 10.1),
– dead weight of sheet piling;

load case 4 – pretension of anchors F=5t .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

On the taskbar, click the Start button, and then point to All Programs. Point to the folder that contains
LIRA SAPR / LIRA-SAPR 2015 and then click LIRA-SAPR 2015.

Step 1. Creating new problem

On the FILE menu, click New (button on the toolbar).
In the Model type dialog box (see Fig.10.2) specify the following data:
problem name – Example10;
model type – 2 – Three degrees of freedom per node (translations X, Z and rotation UY) X0Z.

Click OK .

Figure 10.2 Model type dialog box

It is also possible to open the Model type dialog box with a pre-defined type of model. To do this, on
the LIRA-SAPR menu (Application menu), point to New and click Model type 2 (Three DOF per node)

command . One more way to do the same: on the Quick Access Toolbar, click New and in the drop-

down menu select Model type 2 (Three DOF per node) command . Then you should define only
problem name.

To save all output data files for the problem in certain directory, select appropriate check box. The
directory name will coincide with the name of the problem. This directory will appear in the directory for
files with analysis results. This is helpful if you have to find output data files for certain problem, then
transfer these files or review and evaluate them with the help of Windows Explorer or other file managers.

Step 2. Generating model geometry

On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Create panel, point to Create regular fragments and grids

drop-down list and click the Create wall-beam command.

In the Create plane fragments and grids dialog box specify the following data:
spacing along the first axis: spacing along the second axis:

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

L(m) N L(m) N
1 60 1 20
other parameters remain by default (see Fig.10.3).

Click Apply .

Figure 10.3 Create plane fragments and grids dialog box

To change FE type for elements of foundation:

On the Select toolbar (by default, it is displayed at the bottom of the screen), click Select block .
Specify with the pointer any node or element (nodes and elements will be coloured red).

On the Advanced edit options ribbon tab, on the Model panel, click Change FE type .
In the Change FE type dialog box (see Fig.10.4), in the list of FE types, select FE type 281 - physically
nonlinear rectangular FE of 2D problem (soil).

Click Apply .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

Figure 10.4 Change FE type dialog box

To unselect nodes, on the Select toolbar, click Unselect all button .

To present numbers of nodes on the screen:

On the Select toolbar (by default, it is displayed at the bottom of the screen), click Flags of drawing

button .
In the Display dialog box (see Fig.10.5), select the Node numbers check box on the Nodes tab.

Click Redraw .

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

Figure 10.5 Display dialog box

To add sheet piling of a pit, anchors and supports for anchors:

To reduce or enlarge the model, rotate the mouse wheel.

On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Create panel, point to Add element drop-down list and click

Add bar .
The Add element dialog box is presented with the Add bar tab open (see Fig.10.6).
In the Add element dialog box, clear the Generate nodes at places of intersection with other FE
check box.

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

Figure 10.6 Add element dialog box

To add sheet piling of a pit between nodes No.387 and 1241, 407 and 1261 (along the vertical), make
sure that Specify nodes with pointer and Account for intermediate nodes check boxes are selected
and then specify with the pointer these pairs of nodes in sequence (in this case the rubber-band line is
automatically stretched between the nodes that you select).
To add supports for anchors between nodes No.500 and 624, 538 and 658 (along oblique line), specify
with the pointer these pairs of nodes in sequence.
To add anchors between nodes No.624 and 1058, 658 and 1078 (along oblique line), in the Add element
dialog box, clear the Account for intermediate nodes check box and then specify with the pointer these
pairs of nodes in sequence.

To change FE type for anchors and supports for anchors:

On the Select toolbar, point to Select elements drop-down list and click Select elements command
.

On the Select toolbar, click Select by contour command .

With left mouse button specify closed contour around oblique elements of anchor supports beginning
from the left side of sheet piling of a pit between nodes No.500 and 624, and then click Select by

contour (button on the toolbar) command once more - from the right side of a pit between nodes
No.538 and 658. You could also specify elements on the model with the pointer.

On the Advanced edit options ribbon tab, on the Model panel, click Change FE type .
In the Change FE type dialog box, in the list of FE types, select FE type 1 - FE of 2D truss.

Click Apply .
On the design model, select elements of anchors located between nodes No.624 and 1058, 658 and
1078 with the Select by contour command.
In the Change FE type dialog box, in the list of FE types, select FE type 208 - physically nonlinear
special 2-node FE of pretension.

Click Apply .

On the Select toolbar, point to Select elements drop-down list and click Select elements button
once again in order to make this command not active.

To save data about design model:

On the LIRA-SAPR menu (Application menu), click Save command .

In the Save as dialog box specify the following data:

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

file name – Example10;

location where you want to save this file (Data folder is displayed by default).
Click Save.

Step 3. Defining boundary conditions

On the Select toolbar, point to Select nodes drop-down list and click Select nodes button .
Specify with the pointer nodes of the lower edge of foundation - nodes No.1-61 (they will be coloured
red).

To define boundary conditions at nodes of lower edge of foundation:

On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Stiffness and restraints panel, click Restraints button .
In the Restraints on nodes dialog box (see Fig.10.7) specify directions along which displacements of
nodes are not allowed (X, Z). To do this, select appropriate check boxes.

Click Apply (the nodes will be coloured blue).

Figure 10.7 Restraints on nodes dialog box

To define boundary conditions at nodes of side edge of foundation:

Specify with the pointer nodes of the farthest to the left and farthest to the right side edges of foundation.
In the Restraints on nodes dialog box, specify directions along which displacements of nodes are not
allowed (X). To do this, clear the Z check box.

Click Apply .

On the Select toolbar, point to Select nodes drop-down list and click Select nodes button once
again in order to make this command not active.

Step 4. Defining material properties to elements of design model

To create material data sets:
On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Stiffness and restraints panel, click Material properties

button .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box (see Fig.10.8a), click Add. The dialog box expands to display
the library of stiffness parameters.
In the Add stiffness dialog box (see Fig.10.8b), select the Plates, solids, numerical tab (the third tab)
and double-click the Numerical for FE 281-284 icon in the list.

a b
Figure 10.8 Dialog boxes: a – Stiffness and materials, b – Add stiffness

In the Numerical description for FE 281-284 dialog box, specify the following parameters for the first
layer of soil (earthfill) (see Fig.10.9):
modulus of elasticity for soil along the loading path – E = 800 t/m2 ;
Poisson's ratio – ν = 0.3;
thickness – H = 100 cm;
unit weight of material – Ro = 1.6 t/m3;
cohesion - C = 0.1 t/m2 ;
ultimate stress in tension - Rt = 0.01 t/m2 ;
angle of internal friction - Fi = 30 degrees;
conversion coefficient to modulus of elasticity for soil along the unloading path - Ke = 3;
in the Comments box, type Earthfill and select colour for this stiffness (green).

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

To confirm the specified data, click OK .

Figure 10.9 Numerical description for FE 281-284 dialog box

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, in the List of stiffness types, select '1. FE 281-284 numerical'
and click Copy two times.
In the List of stiffness types, select '2. FE 281-284 numerical' and click Edit.
In the Numerical description for FE 281-284 dialog box, specify properties of the second layer of soil
(sand):
modulus of elasticity of soil along the loading path – E = 3000 t/m2;
Poisson’s ratio – V = 0.3;
thickness – H = 100 cm;
unit weight of material – Ro = 1.7 t/m3;
cohesion C = 0.1t/m2;
ultimate stress in tension Rt = 0.01 t/m2;
angle of internal friction Fi = 34 degrees;
conversion coefficient to modulus of elasticity for soil along the unloading path Ke = 3;
in the Comments box, type Sand and select the colour for this stiffness (yellow).

To confirm the specified data, click OK .

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, in the List of stiffness types, select '3. FE 281-284 numerical'
and click Edit.
In the Numerical description for FE 281-284 dialog box, specify properties of the third layer of soil (clay
loam):
modulus of elasticity of soil along the loading path – E = 2000 t/m2;
Poisson’s ratio – V = 0.33;
thickness – H = 100 cm;

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

unit weight of material – Ro = 1.7 t/m3;

cohesion C = 0.8t/m2;
ultimate stress in tension Rt = 0.08 t/m2;
angle of internal friction Fi = 29 degrees;
conversion coefficient to modulus of elasticity for soil along the unloading path Ke = 3;
in the Comments field, type Clay loam and select the colour for this stiffness (brown).

To confirm the specified data, click OK .

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, double-click Numerical for FE 2 icon.

In the Numerical description for FE 2 dialog box (see Figure 10.10), specify parameters of sheet piling
section:
stiffness of the element in axial compression (tension) – EF = 1.2e6 t (for the U.S. keyboard layout);
stiffness of the element in bending about the Y1-axis – EIy = 12000 t*m2;
weight per unit length q = 0.83 t/m;
in the Comments field, type Sheet piling and select the colour for this stiffness (red).

To confirm the specified data, click OK .

Figure 10.10 Numerical description for FE 2 dialog box

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, double-click Numerical for FE 1 icon.

In the Numerical description for FE 1 dialog box (see Figure 10.11), specify parameters of supports for
anchors:
stiffness of the element in axial compression (tension) – EF = 10000 t;
in the Comments field, type Support for anchor and select the colour for this stiffness (pink).

To confirm the specified data, click OK .

Figure 10.11 Numerical description for FE 1 dialog box

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, double-click Numerical for FE 208 icon.
In the Numerical description for FE 208 dialog box (see Figure 10.12), under Method of description,
click Numerical and specify parameters of anchors:
stiffness of the element in tension – EF = 8000 t;
maximum tensile force – Nmax = 1e9 t (for the U.S. keyboard layout);
in the Comments field, type Anchor and select the colour for this stiffness (blue).

To confirm the specified data, click OK .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

Figure 10.12 Numerical description for FE 208 dialog box

To hide library of stiffness properties, in the Stiffness of elements dialog box, click Add unfold button.

To assign material properties to elements of design model:

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, under List of stiffness types, click the stiffness type ‘1.FE 281-
284 numerical’.
Click Set as current type. Selected type will be displayed in the Stiffness box under Assign to
elements of the model. You can also specify the current type by double-clicking the necessary type in
the List of stiffness types.

On the SELECT menu, click Select elements (button on the toolbar).

Select with the pointer three upper rows of finite elements of foundation (thickness of layer 3m).

You can select elements either with a single click or by dragging selection window around
appropriate elements.

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, click Apply .

The Warning box (see Figure 10.13) is displayed. Click OK. (This message is displayed because bar
elements were selected on design model as well as plate elements. But this type of stiffness is not
allowed for bar elements.)

Figure 10.13 Warning message box

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, under List of stiffness types, click the stiffness type ‘2.FE 281-
284 numerical’.
Click Set as current type.
With the pointer select the range from the 4th up to 14th inclusive (from the top of anchors up to bottom
of sheet piling elements) rows of finite elements of foundation (thickness of layer 11m).

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, click Apply .

The Warning box is displayed. Click OK.

To unselect elements, on the SELECT menu, click Unselect all (button on the toolbar).

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, under List of stiffness types, click the stiffness type ‘3.FE 281-
284 numerical’.
Click Set as current type.
With the pointer select the six rows of finite elements of foundation that remain (thickness of layer 6m).

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, click Apply .

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, set the stiffness type ‘4.FE 2 numerical’ as current.
Click Set as current type.

On the Select menu, click Select vertical elements (button on the toolbar).
Select all vertical elements of the model with the pointer.

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, click Apply .

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, set the stiffness type ‘6.FE 208 numerical’ as current.

To select elements of anchors, on the SELECT menu, click PolyFilter (button on the toolbar).
In the PolyFilter dialog box (see Figure 10.14), click the Filter for elements tab.
Select By FE type check box and specify FE type 208 - physically nonlinear special 2-node FE for
simulation of pretension.

Click Apply .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

Figure 10.14 PolyFilter dialog box

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, click Apply .

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, set the stiffness type ‘5.FE 1 numerical’ as current.
In the PolyFilter dialog box, on the Filter for elements tab, select By FE type check box and specify FE
type 1 - FE of 2D truss.

Click Apply .

In the Stiffness of elements dialog box, click Apply .

Step 5. Applying loads

To create load case No.1:
In the PolyFilter dialog box, on the Filter for elements tab, select By FE type check box and specify FE
type 281 - physically nonlinear rectangular FE of 2D problem (soil).

Click Apply .

To apply load from dead weight of the elements of foundation, on the LOADS menu, click Add dead
weight.

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

In the Add dead weight dialog box (see Figure 10.15), click Selected elements and click Apply
(dead weight of elements is added according to the specified unit weight Ro).

Figure 10.15 Add dead weight dialog box

To create load case No.2:

To change the number of the current load case, click the Next load case button located on the
Status bar or on the toolbar.
In the PolyFilter dialog box, on the Filter for elements tab, select By FE type check box and specify FE
type 10 - arbitrary 3D bar.

Click Apply .

In the Add dead weight dialog box, click Selected elements and click Apply .

On the Select toolbar, point to Select nodes drop-down list and click Select nodes button .
Specify with the pointer nodes of the upper edge of foundation - nodes No.1230-1238.
On the Create and edit ribbon tab, select the Loads panel, then select Load at nodes command

from the Loads on nodes and elements drop-down list.

In the Define loads dialog box (see Fig.10.16), specify Global coordinate system and direction along the
Z-axis (default parameters).

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

Figure 10.16 Define loads dialog box

In the Load type area, click the Concentrated load button .

In the Load parameters dialog box (see Fig.10.17), specify P = 1 t.
Click OK.

Figure 10.17 Load parameters dialog box

Specify with the pointer nodes of the upper edge of foundation - nodes No.1229 and 1238.

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

In the Define loads dialog box, in the Load type area, click the Concentrated load button

.
In the Load parameters dialog box specify P = 0.5 t.

Click OK .

Specify with the pointer nodes of the upper edge of foundation - nodes No.1264-1267.

In the Define loads dialog box, click Apply .

Specify with the pointer nodes of the upper edge of foundation - nodes No.1263 and 1268.
In the Define loads dialog box, in the Load type area, click the Concentrated load button

.
In the Load parameters dialog box specify P = 0.25 t.

Click OK .

To create load case No.4:

To change the number of the current load case, click the Next load case button located on the
Status bar or on the toolbar. Click this button two times.

In this problem there will be five stages of assemblage and five nonlinear load cases. To do this, it is
necessary to remain the load case No.3 as 'empty', in load case No.4 specify pretension of anchors and in
load case No.5 specify fictitious load in one of the extreme nodes of the foundation along boundary
conditions of this node.

In the PolyFilter dialog box, on the Filter for elements tab, select By FE type check box and specify FE
type 208 - physically nonlinear special 2-node FE for simulation of pretension.

Click Apply .
In the Define loads dialog box, click the Loads on bars tab.

Click the Load on special element (turnbuckle) button and in the Load parameters
dialog box specify P = 5 t (see Figure 10.18).

Click OK .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

Figure 10.18 Load parameters dialog box

To create load case No.5:

To change the number of the current load case, click the Next load case button located on the
Status bar or on the toolbar.
Specify with the pointer node of the lower edge of foundation - node No.1.
In the Define loads dialog box, click the Loads on nodes tab.

In the Load type area, click the Concentrated load button .

In the Load parameters dialog box specify P = 0.001 t.

Click OK .

On the Select toolbar, point to Select nodes drop-down list and click Select nodes button once
again in order to make this command not active.

To edit flags of drawing:

In the Display dialog box (see Figure 10.5), clear the Node numbers check box on the Nodes tab.
On the Elements tab, select the Stiffness in colour check box.

Click Redraw .

Obtained model is presented in Figure 10.19.

Figure 10.19 Design model of foundation

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

Step 6. Modelling stages of construction and nonlinear load cases

To model stages of construction:

On the Analysis ribbon tab, on the Nonlinearity panel, click Assemblage (button on the toolbar).
In the Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog box (see Figure 10.20), click the Add button

(in the left part of the dialog box, under History, the first load history is added and the row with load
case indicated with question mark will become selected automatically).
In the PolyFilter dialog box, on the Filter for elements tab, select By FE type check box and specify FE
type 281 - physically nonlinear rectangular FE of 2D problem (soil).

Click Apply .
When the elements are selected on the model, in the Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog
box, in the Elements to be assembled area, click All selected button. Numbers of elements selected on
the model will be displayed in the list automatically.

Figure 10.20 Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog box

To unselect elements, on the Select toolbar, click Unselect all button .

To create the second stage of assemblage, in the Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog box,

click the Add button .

In the PolyFilter dialog box, on the Filter for elements tab, clear By FE type check box and select By
stiffness check box. Then specify 4. Numerical for FE 2.

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

Click Apply .
When the elements are selected on the model, in the Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog
box, in the Elements to be assembled area, click All selected button.

To unselect elements, on the Select toolbar, click Unselect all button .

To create the third stage of assemblage, in the Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog box,

click the Add button .

In the PolyFilter dialog box, on the Filter for elements tab, select By stiffness check box and specify 1.
FE 281-284 Numerical.

On the Select toolbar, point to Select elements drop-down list and click Select elements button .
With the pointer, select elements of the 1st layer of foundation inside elements of sheet piling. To do this,
just drag the pointer (selection window) from left to right as shown in Fig. 10.21.
When the elements are selected on the model, in the Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog
box, in the Elements to be disassembled area, click All selected button.

To unselect elements, on the Select toolbar, click Unselect all button .

Figure 10.21 How to select elements of the 1st layer of foundation inside the sheet piling

To create the fourth stage of assemblage, in the Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog box,

click the Add button .

In the PolyFilter dialog box, on the Filter for elements tab, clear By stiffness check box and select By
FE type. Then specify FE type 1 - FE of 2D truss.

Click Apply .
In the PolyFilter dialog box, on the Filter for elements tab, in the By FE type list, specify FE type 208 -
physically nonlinear special 2-node FE of pretension.

Click Apply .
When the elements are selected on the model, in the Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog
box, in the Elements to be assembled area, click All selected button.

To unselect elements, on the Select toolbar, click Unselect all button .

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

To create the fifth stage of assemblage, in the Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog box,

click the Add button .

In the PolyFilter dialog box, on the Filter for elements tab, clear By FE type check box and select By
stiffness. Then specify 2. FE 281-284 Numerical.
With the pointer, select elements 5 top rows of elements of the 2nd layer of foundation inside elements of
sheet piling. To do this, just drag the pointer (selection window) from left to right as shown in Fig. 10.22.
When the elements are selected on the model, in the Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog
box, in the Elements to be disassembled area, click All selected button.

To unselect elements, on the Select toolbar, click Unselect all button .

Figure 10.22 How to select elements of the 2nd layer of foundation inside the sheet piling

To model nonlinear load cases:

In the Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog box, click Parameters tab and select the row
that corresponds to the second stage of assemblage.
Select the Clear displacements check box (see Figure 10.23).
Other parameters remain by default.

Click OK .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

Figure 10.23 Model nonlinear load cases of structure dialog box for defining parameters of nonlinear load
case

To ignore the strain of foundation from the dead weight (at the second stage of assemblage), for the
second nonlinear load case, select the Clear displacements check box. Stresses will be summed up
automatically in ASSEMBLAGE system.

Step 8. Nonlinear analysis of the model

To carry out complete analysis, on the Analysis ribbon tab, select the Analysis panel and in the

Analyse drop-down list, click Complete analysis .

Step 9. Review and evaluation of analysis results

When analysis procedure is complete, to review and evaluate analysis results, select the Results
ribbon tab.

In the mode of analysis results visualization, by default design model is presented with account of nodal
displacements (see Fig.10.24). To display the model without nodal displacements, on the Results ribbon

tab, on the Deformations panel, click Initial model button .

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

Figure 10.24 Design model with account of nodal displacements

To change number of active load case:

On the status bar (displayed at the bottom of the screen), in the Load case No. list, select No. 5 (that

corresponds to the fifth stage of assemblage) and click Apply .

To hide presentation of loads on design model:

On the Select toolbar, click Flags of drawing button . In the Display dialog box, clear the Loads
check box on the General tab.

Click Redraw .

To present displacement contour plots:

To present contour plot of displacements along the Z-axis, on the Results ribbon tab, on the
Deformations panel, select the Displacement mosaic/contour plot in global coordinate system

command in the Displacement mosaic/contour plot drop-down list.

Then click Displacements along Z button on the same panel.

To present contour plot of displacements along the X-axis, click Displacements along X button on
the same panel.

To present stress mosaic plots:

To present stress mosaic plot for Nx, on the Results ribbon tab, on the Stress in plates and solids

panel, select the Stress mosaic plot command in the Stress mosaic/contour plots drop-down list.

Then click Stress Nx button on the same panel.

To present stress mosaic plot for Nz, click Stress Nz button on the same panel.

To present diagrams of internal forces:

To display diagram My , on the Results tab, select Forces in bars panel and click Moment diagrams

(My) button .
To display diagram N, on the Results tab, select Forces in bars panel and click Axial force diagrams

(N) button .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015 Example 10

To display mosaic plots N, on the Results tab, select Forces in bars panel and click Mosaic plot of

forces in bars command in the Force diagrams/Mosaic plots drop-down list.

To display mosaic plots My, on the Results tab, select Forces in bars panel and click Mosaic Plot My

button .

To generate and review tables of analysis results:

To present table with forces in elements of the model, on the Results ribbon tab, select Tables panel

and click Standard tables in the Documents drop-down list.

In the Standard tables dialog box (see Fig.10.25), select Forces in the list.

Make sure that All load cases option is defined in the Choose load case No. list and click Apply .

By default, standard tables are generated in the *.csv format. Information presented in these tables is
divided into different tabs: input data (optional), e.g. DCF coefficients; output data for bars; output data for
plates; etc.
To generate table in *.csv format and add it to the Report Book, select the Generate updatable table in
Report Book check box. If the table is located in the Report Book, it is possible to update it later (if
required) and add it to the report file with the Report Book options.
To modify format of the table, in the Standard tables dialog box, click Select format. Then in the Table
format dialog box, select appropriate option and click OK. To generate table in Document Maker (DOC-
SAPR module), select RPT format.
Selected format is saved and will be applied by default in further work with standard tables.

Figure 10.25 Standard tables dialog box

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 Example 10 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2015

To close the table, on the FILE menu, click Close.

To present information about displacement of top of sheet piling:

To present information about displacement of top of sheet piling, on the Select menu, click Information

(button on the toolbar).

With the pointer specify one of the top nodes of sheet piling (for example, from the left side of a pit). In
the dialog box (see Figure 10.26) you will see values of displacements in the specified node.

Figure 10.26 Information about node No. dialog box

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