Question 3.

Discuss the effects of deforestation on the

following:
(a) Wild animals
(b) Environment
(c) Villages (Rural areas)
(d) Cities (Urban areas)
(e) Earth
(f) The next generation
Answer:.
(a) Wild animals: Trees are the habitats as well as
sOurces of food for the wild animals. Deforestation
leads to the destruction of the natural habitats of
wild animals.

(b) Environment: Deforestation increases the

temperature and pollution level of the
environment. With the increase in the carbon
dioxide level and a decrease in the oxygen level, it
gives rise to global warming. It also lowers the
levelof ground water. Moreover, deforestation
decreases the soil fertility and so, increases the
chances of natural calamities.

lal \illoaoDural nrona) Tho doalino in rainfall tho

 (c) Villages (Ruralareas): The decline in rainfall,
the decrease in soil fertility, and the chances of
natural disaster affect the village life.

(d) Cities (Urban areas): Deforestation resut in

global warming. It also results in the increase in
the level of pollution. Hence, deforestation affects
the life in cities.

(e) Earth: Deforestation decreases the fertility of

changes the physical properties of soil. All
shanges result in desertification.

0 The next generation Deforestation will major

affect the ife of next generation The next
generation willface problems at every step
Climaticconditions willbe adversely affected
(e) Earth: Deforestation decreases the fertilityof
soil. Itchanges the physical properties of soil. All
these changes result in desertification.

() The next generation: Deforestation will majorly

affect the life of next generation. The next
generation will face problems at every step.
Climatic conditions will be adversely affected.
There will be scarcity of food and clean
environment. Next generation won't be able to see
most of the animal species due to habitat loss.

Question 4.
What will happen if

1. we g0 on cutting trees
2. the habitat of an animal is disturbed.
3. the top layer of soil is exposed.

Answer:

1. If we go on cutting trees, then:

" the temperature will increase to a
greater extent.
" the chances of natural disaster
OcCur wvill increase
the water cycle will getdisturbed

2If the habitat of an animal is disturbed, then

Question 4.
What will happen if

1. we go on cutting trees
2. the habitat of an animal is disturbed.
3.the top layer of soil is exposed.

Answer:

1. If we go on cutting trees, then:

" the temperature will increase to a
greater extent.
"the chances of natural disaster to
OCcur will increase.
the water cycle will get disturbed.

2. If the habitat of an animal is disturbed, then:

" the animals will lose their natural
habitat and will reach the level of being
endangered.
" most of the animals may be forced to
invade places meant for human living
in search of food and shelter.

O fthe top layer of soil is exposed, then:

the exposed layer will lose all its
nutrients, especially the hurmmus
the water holding capacity of soil will
decrease
desertfcation will take place
 in search of food and shelter.

3. Ifthe top layer of soil is exposed, then:

" the exposed layer will lose all its
nutrients, especially the hummus.
" the water holding capacity of soil will
decrease.
" desertification will take place.

Question 5.
Answer in brief.

1. Why should we conserve biodiversity?

2. Protected forests are also not completely
safe for wild animals. Why?
3. Some tribals depend on the jungle. How?
4. What are the causes and consequences of
deforestation?
5. What is Red Data Book?
6. What do you understand by the term
migration?

Answer:

he variety in life existing on the earth, their

inter-relationships, and their relationships
with the environnment is referred to as
biodiversity We should conserve biodiversity
sO as to maintain the food chain. The
disturbance in the food chain may affect the
 1.The variety in life existing on the earth, their
inter-relationships, and their relationships
with the environnment is referred to as

biodiversity. We should conserve biodiversity

Soas to maintain the food chain. The
disturbance in the food chain may affect the
whole ecosystem.
2. Since capturing and killing of animals by
poachers is still rampant in protected forests
and areas, so they are not safe for wild
animals.
3. Some tribes depend on the jungle for the
fulfillment of their basic needs of life, such
asfood, medicine, clothing, shelter, etc.
4. The causes of deforestation may be the
following:
" Natural causes like forest fires,
droughts, etc.
"Building factories and houses.
Procuring land for cultivation.
" Making furniture and using wood as
fuel.
The consequences of deforestation
are

Natural calamities like floods etc

Increase inthe temperature of the
earth, ie global warming
 as food, medicine, clothing, shelter, etc.
4. The causes of deforestation may be the
following:
" Natural causes like forest fires,
droughts, etc.
Building factories and houses.
" Procuring land for cultivation.
" Making furniture and using wood as
fuel.
The consequences of deforestation
are:

. Natural calamities like floods, eto

" Increase in the temperature of the
earth, i.e., global warming.
Change in the physical properties of
soil.
" A
decrease in groundwater level.
" Extinction of many flora and fauna.

5. Red Data Book is a sourcebook which keeps

records of all endangered plants and
animals.
6. Migration means the movement of a species
from its own habitat to some other place
luring a certain period in a year for breeding
or to overcome some climatic conditions.

Question 6
In order to meet the ever-increasing demand in
factories and for shelter trees are being
ocut trees foreuch
 records of allendangered plants and
animals.
6. Migration means the movement of a species
from its own habitat to sonme other place
during a certain period in a year for breeding
or to overcome some climatic conditions.

Ouestion 6.
Inorder to meet the ever-increasingdemand in
factories and for shelter, trees are being
continually cut. Is it justified to cut trees for such
projects? Discuss and prepare a brief report.
Answer:
It's not justified tocut trees just to fulfill our needs.
Trees are known as the lung of the earth. They
are the habitat of many living organisms, including
animals. They give us oxygen, and maintain the
O-CO, balance as well. They firmly bind the soil
and hence prevent soilerosion. They also reduce
the chances of natural disasters like floods and
droughts. They help conserve our rich biodiversity.
The cuttingof trees causes an increase in the
carbon dioxide (CO2) level, which results in global
warming. Moreover, it causes soil erosion, floods,
lenhouse effect, etc. Hence, trees must be
bruucted.

Question 7
How can youcontribute to the maintenance of
green wealth of your localiy? Make a list of
actions to be taken by vou
 They
Trees are known as the lung of the earth'.
are the habitat of many living organisms, including
animals. They give us oxygen, and maintain the
O-CO, balance as well. They firmly bind the soil
and hence prevent soilerosion. They also reduce
and
the chances of natural disasters like floods
droughts. They help conserve our rich biodiversity.
The cutting of trees causes an increase in the
carbon dioxide (C02) level, which results in global
warming. Moreover, it causes soil erosion, floods,
the greenhouse effect, etc. Hence, trees must be
protected.

Question 7.
How canyou contribute to the maintenance of
green wealth of your locality? Make a list of
actions to be taken by you.
Answer:
By taking up the following actions, Ican contribute
to the maintenance of green wealth of my locality
by:

Q lanting saplings and trees.

Not throwing the garbage on the streets.
" Forbidding others to cut trees
"Making people avware of the significance of a
clean and green environnent
Watering the plants regularly and taking
 " Planting saplings and trees.
" Not throwingthe garbage on the streets.
" Forbidding others to cut trees.
" Making people aware of the significance of a
clean and green environment.
"Watering the plants reqularly and taking
proper care of them.
" Reusingand recyclingpaper to save trees,
energy, and water.

Ouestion 8.
Explain howdeforestation leads to reduced
rainfall.
Answer:

Trees give out a huge amount of water in the form

of water vapour during transpiration. The
reduction of water vapour affects cloud formation
and thus, results in less rainfal.

Question 9.
Find out about national parks in your state.
Identify and showtheir location on the outline
O fIndia.
Aoer:

Consider the map given below

NCERT Solutions for Class 8Science Chapter7
Conservation of Plants and Animals Co9
Question 10.
should paper be saved? Prepare a list of ways
Why
by which you can save paper.
Answer:
saved by saving
Alarge number of trees can be
that is used to
paper. This willalso save water
manufacture paper. Moreover, the harmful
chemicals used in papermakingwill show their
other
least effects on human beings and
organisms.
following:
Some ways to save paper are the

" recycling of paper.

economical use of paper.
" paper should not be burnt.

Question 11.
Complete the word puzzle.
Down
cies on the verge of extinction.
sok carrying information about endangered
specios
5Consequence of deforestation.
roc