Syllabus

O Level

IGCSE
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20 A series of shapes, made of matchsticks, is shown below.

Shape 1 Shape 2 Shape 3 Shape 4

(a) Draw Shape 4. [1]

(b) The table shows the numbers of matchsticks used to make Shapes 1 and 2.

Shape 1 2 3 4

Number of
12 18
matchsticks

Complete the table for Shapes 3 and 4. [1]

(c) Find an expression, in terms of n, for the number of matchsticks used to make Shape n.

Answer ....................................... [1]

(d) Explain why there is not a shape that is made of 100 matchsticks.

Answer ..............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................... [1]

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22 The diagrams below show the first three patterns in a sequence. For
Examiner’s
Use

Pattern 1 Pattern 2 Pattern 3

(a) Complete the table.

Pattern number 1 2 3 4 5
Number of dots 5 8
[1]

(b) Find an expression, in terms of n, for the number of dots in Pattern n.

Answer ..................................... [1]

(c) In this sequence, Pattern p has 83 dots.

Find the value of p.

Answer p = .............................. [2]

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12 (a) Here are the first four terms of a sequence.

7 11 15 19

Write down an expression, in terms of n, for the nth term of this sequence.

Answer .......................................................... [1]

(b) un is the nth term of another sequence.

Here is the formula connecting the nth and ^n + 1hth terms of this sequence.

3un - 4 = un + 1

The value of u3 is 11.

Find u2 and u4.

Answer u2 = ..................................................

u4 = .................................................. [2]

13 (a) Solve 2 ^5 ph = 250 .

Answer p = .................................................... [1]

(b) Simplify

(i) 1 ' x - 5 ,

Answer .......................................................... [1]

3a 9a 2
(ii) ' .
4 8

Answer .......................................................... [1]

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22 Here are the first three patterns in a sequence made using dots and lines.

Pattern 1 Pattern 2 Pattern 3

(a) Complete the table for the first five patterns in this sequence.

Pattern number 1 2 3 4 5
Number of dots 3 6
Number of lines 2 7
[2]

(b) Find an expression, in terms of n, for the number of lines in Pattern n.

.................................................... [2]

(c) Anwar makes one of these patterns using 92 lines.

Find the number of dots in Anwar’s pattern.

.................................................... [2]

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4 (a) Here are the first three patterns in a sequence made from counters.

Pattern 1 Pattern 2 Pattern 3

(i) Complete the table for the patterns in this sequence.

Pattern number 1 2 3 4 5
Number of counters 8 12 16
[1]

(ii) Find an expression, in terms of n, for the number of counters in Pattern n.

................................................. [2]

(iii) Jamal has 150 counters.

He uses these counters to make the largest pattern possible, Pattern p.

Find the value of p.

p = ................................................. [2]

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(b) The 4th term in a different sequence is 26.

This sequence is linear and the 8th term is 2.

(i) Find the first term of this sequence.

................................................. [2]

(ii) Find an expression, in terms of n, for the nth term of this sequence.

................................................. [2]

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5. Work out the formula for the nth term of the
quadratic sequence:
5, 11, 19, 29. ..

................ (4)
6. Work out the formula for the nth term of the
quadratic sequence:
2, 10, 22, 38. ..

................ (4)
11. A quadratic sequence starts:

6, 10, 16, 24. ..

2
a) Show that the nth term is n + n + 4

................ (4)
b) Hence find the term that has value 136

................ (2)
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6 These are the first four patterns in a sequence made using counters.

Pattern 1 Pattern 2 Pattern 3 Pattern 4

(a) Complete the table for the patterns in this sequence.

Pattern number 1 2 3 4 5

Number of counters 3 8 15
[1]

(b) Find an expression, in terms of n, for the number of counters in Pattern n.

.................................................... [2]

(c) Ken has a bag containing 1358 counters.

He makes the largest possible pattern in the sequence, Pattern p, using these counters.

(i) Find the value of p.

p = ................................................... [3]

(ii) He uses all of the remaining counters to make another pattern in the sequence, Pattern q.

Find the value of q.

q = ................................................... [2]

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(c) The diagrams below show the first three patterns in a sequence.
The patterns are made from short diagonal lines.

Pattern 1 Pattern 2 Pattern 3

(i) Draw Pattern 4 on the dotty grid below.

[1]

(ii) Complete the table below for the number of short lines in Patterns 4 and 5.

Pattern 1 2 3 4 5

Number of short lines 4 10 18

[2]

(iii) Find an expression, in terms of t, for the number of short lines in Pattern t.

Answer .......................................... [2]

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7 (a) Here are the first four terms of a sequence.

1 7 13 19

(i) Find an expression for the nth term of this sequence.

................................................. [2]

(ii) Lee says that there are no even numbers in the sequence.

Use the expression for the nth term to explain why he is correct.

.............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Here are the first four terms of a different sequence.

2 4 8 16
9 16 25 36
Find an expression for the nth term of this sequence.

................................................. [3]

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(c) The nth term of another sequence is given by un = 3n 2 - 6n + 5.

The first term in the sequence with a value greater than 2000 is uk .

Find the value of k.

k = ................................................ [4]

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5 (a) 1, 7, 13, 19, 25, …

(i) Find an expression, in terms of n, for the nth term of this sequence.

Answer .......................................... [2]

(ii) Explain why 251 is not a term in this sequence.

Answer .......................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Here is another sequence.

5, 8, 13, 20, 29, …

The pth term of this sequence is p 2 + 4 .

Write down an expression, in terms of p, for the pth term of these sequences.

(i) –2, 1, 6, 13, 22, …

Answer .......................................... [1]

(ii) 7, 12, 19, 28, 39, …

Answer .......................................... [1]

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20 These are the first five terms of a sequence.

4 8 16 32 64

(a) Find the next number in the sequence.

................................................. [1]

(b) The nth term of the sequence above is 2 n + 1 .

Write down an expression, in terms of n, for the nth term of these sequences.

(i) 1 5 13 29 61 …

................................................. [1]

(ii) 10 19 32 53 90 …

................................................. [2]

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