276. The teacher said Simon had cheated.

ACCUSED
Simon was accused of cheating by his teacher.

277. As children we would often make fires in the garden.

USED
When we were children we used to make fires in the garden.

278. He had said he’d help us so we were disappointed when he didn’t come.
PROMISED
Having been promised to help, we were disappointed when he didn’t come.

279. My computer needs to be repaired before the weekend.

HAVE
I need to have my computer repaired before the weekend.

280. The tourist guide said to us: ‘Take a map if you go walking in the hills.’
ADVISED
The tourist guide advised us to take a map if we went walking in the hills.

281. My grandfather hasn’t spoken to me since Sunday.

SPOKE
My grandfather last spoke to me on Sunday.

282. It is essential that all library books are returned by July 5th.
BRING
You must bring back all library books by July 5th.

283. You can only win if you enter the race.

UNLESS
You can’t win unless you enter the race.

284. Ethan gets top score even in the hardest computer games.
1
 WINS
Ethan wins even the most difficult computer games.

285. The hotel staff had permission to use the tennis courts on Mondays.
PLAY
The hotel staff were allowed to play tennis on Mondays.

286. Alison loves to buy presents for her grandchildren.

PLEASURE
AlisonAlison presents
takes pleasure in buying for her
/ gets grandchildren.
pleasure from buying presents for her
grandchildren.

287. My boss advised me which computer I should buy.

GAVE
My boss gave me advice on choosing a computer.

288. Can you tell me precisely how much money was stolen?
EXACT
Can you tell me the exact sum/amount of money that was stolen?

289. The customs officer checked every garment in my luggage.

ITEM
The customs officer checked every item of clothing in my luggage.

290. I can’t talk for long because I have to be at school very soon.
ABOUT
I can’t talk for long because I am about to go to / am about to leave for school.

291. We’ve been standing in this queue for an hour and we still have another
hour to wait.
WAITING
By the time we get to the front of the queue we will have been waiting for two hours.

2
292. Although Toby keeps his room tidy he seldom cleans it.
EVER
Toby keeps his room tidy although/even though/but he hardly ever cleans it.

293. This part of the building isn’t normally open to the public.
OFTEN
The public isn’t/aren’t often allowed into this part of the building.

294. Noone was able to explain how the accident happened.

NOT
The cause of the accident could not be explained by anyone.

295. The only person to be late was Lucy.

APART
Everyone apart from Lucy was on time.

296. Hurry up, the show will be starting in a moment.

ABOUT
Hurry up, the show is about to start.

297. They decided not togo on holiday after all because the baby was ill.
BABY’S
Because of the baby’s illness they decided not to go on holiday after all.

298. Try not to make a mess while you’re cooking.

AVOID
Try to avoid making a mess while you’re cooking.

299. ‘Will I be paid soon?’ asked Lynda.

IF
Lynda wondered if she would be paid soon.

3
300. I intended to have a lunch break, but I had too much to do.
GOING
I was going to have a lunch break, but I had too much to do.

301. May we borrow your ladder for half an hour?

MIND
Would you mind our borrowing / if we borrow/ lending us your ladder for half an hour?
302. ‘I’m not frightened,’ he said; in fact, he was terrified.
BE
He pretended not to be frightened.

303. The Majestic is better than this hotel.

GOOD
This hotel is not as/so good as the Majestic.

304. To ejoy travel, you must go on your own.

ONLY
You will/can only enjoy travelling if you go on your own.

305. You were very generous, giving us all that money.

OF
He was very generous of you to lend/give us all that money.

306. He was sorry he had asked the bank to lend him money.
WISHED
He wished he had not asked asked the bank to lend him the money.

307. I haven’t owned a car for five years now.

SINCE
It is five years since I owned a car.

308. Why didn’t you warn me it was going to rain?

4
 HAVE
You should have warned me it was going to rain.

309. Heavy smokers are more likely to suffer serious illness than non-smokers.
RUNS
A heavy smoker runs more/a greater risk of serious illness than a non-smoker.

310. Even though she knew she had to get up early, Mary still went to the disco.
DESPITE
Mary still went to the disco despite knowing/the fact that she had to get up early.

311. The dog is wagging its tail because it is trying to be friendly.

FRIENDS
The dog is wagging its tail because it wants to be/make friends with you.

312. It is a good habit to save in case of hard times.

ASIDE
It is a good habit to put money/something aside for/against a rainy day.

313. My mother-in-law has invited us to share her house.

MOVING
We are moving in with my mother-in-law.

314. His lack of interest surprised me.

SURPRISING
I found it surprising that he showed so little interest.

315. I am sorry that I cannot come to the party.

MISS
I am sorry (that) I shall (have to) miss/ to miss the party.

316. It is pointless to carry samovars to Samarkand.

5
 POINT
There is no point (in/to) carrying samovars to Samarkand.

317. The path was so narrow they had to walk one behind the another along it.
SINGLE
The path was so narrow they had to walk in single file along it.

318. Small children are full of mischief.

SORTS
Small children get up to all sorts of tricks.

319. ‘Can you help me?’ the old lady asked.

COULD
The old lady asked if I could help her.

320. When he was much older, he understood.

UNTIL
It was not until he was much older that he understood.

321. Ken does not work half as much as he used to.

HARD
Ken used to work twice as hard as he does now.

322. The experts thought that the cost of petrol would rise next year.
EXPECTED
The cost of petrol is expected to rise next year.

323. Some people who start smoking find it difficult to stop.

ALWAYS
It is not always easy to stop smoking once you have started.

324. If he isn’t careful, he is bound to end up in hospital.

6
 HIM
His carelessness bound to put him in hospital.
325. Because of his illness he could not work effectively.
IMPOSSIBLE
His illness made it impossible for him to work effectively.

326. Scotsman will never give anything to waiters.

TIP
No Scotsman will (ever) tip a waiter.

327. Mary said, I do not want to get married yet.’

RATHER
Mary protested that she would rather not get married yet.

328. Mothers must try hard to understand.

BEST
Mothers must do their best to be understanding.

329. The younger you marry, the greater the chance you will be unhappy.
LIKELY
The younger you marry, the more likely you are to be unhappy.

330. I was wrong to argue with him.

MISTAKE
it was a mistake/ I made to argue with him.

331. She had not bought so much for a long time.

SINCE
It was a long time since she had done so much shopping.

332. Ken arrived there twelve months ago.

FOR

7
 Ken has been there for a year.
333. If Mary hadn’t failed her driving test, she wouldn’t be unhappy.
PASS
Mary is unhappy that/because she did not pass her driving test.

334. Rabbits used to be more numerous.

NOT
Rabbits are not as numerous as / are less numerous than they used to be.

335. His new book has been widely criticised.

LOT
His new book has come in for a lot of criticism.

336. His secretary updated the list.

BROUGHT
His secretary brought the list up to date.

337. I couldn’t have managed it without your help.

NOT
If it had not been for your help, I couldn’t have managed it.

338. Regular exercise kept him healthy.

OWED
He owed his health to regular exercise.

339. He couldn’t lend us the car because it didn’t belong to him.

HIS
The car was not his to lend.

340. We were not surprised when he won.

CAME
His winning came as no surprise.

8
341. It was difficult for the yachtsman to steer into the wind.
GOT
The ychtsman got into difficulties steering into the wind.

342. I couldn’t have managed without your help.

BEEN
If it had not been for your help, I couldn’t have managed.

343. We had just arrived when it started to rain.

THAN
Hardly had we arrived than it started to rain.

344. He only did the work after he had been paid.

DID
Not until he had been paid did he do the work.

345. The idea that the Scots are miserly is simply not true.
TRUTH
There is no truth in the idea that the Scots are miserly.

346. She was too busy to see us.

SO
She was so busy she did not see us.

347. It is quite pointless to complain.

POINT
There was no point in complaining.

348. I’ve never met anyone who works as hard as he does.

MAN
He is the most hard-working man I have (ever)met.

9
349. A long speech is unlikely to be interesting.
LITTLE
There is little likelyhood a long speech being interesting.

350. It was difficult to bear the speaker from the back of the room.
DIFFICULTY
From the back of the room, we had difficulty hearing the speaker.

351. I don’t really want to go out.

RATHER
I would rather stay at home.

352. I did it entirely by myself.

ALL
I did it all on my own.

353. You should not be so shy.

SPEAK
You should speak up for yourself.

354. He has been in hospital for six months.

WENT
It is six months since he went into hospital.

355. If only he had been taken to hospital sooner.

PITY
What a pity he was not taken to hospital earlier.
356. The doctors tried very hard to save him.
BEST
The doctors did their best to save him.

357. She was surprised to find there was little she could do.
10
 SURPRISE
She found to her surprise there was little she could do.

358. Only Holland permits the smoking of marijuana.

PERMITTED
The smoking of marijuana is permitted only in Holland.

359. The salesman said he was sorry he was late for the meeting.
APOLOGISED
The salesman apologised for being late for the meeting.

360. Our decision has not yet been confirmed by head office.
CONFIRMATION
We haven’t had (received) confirmation from head office.

361. Because it snowed heavily during the night the motorway is closed.
DUE
The motorway is closed due to the fact that there was heavy snow the night before.

362. Did you manage to get in contact with the boss today?
GETTING
Did you succeed in getting in contact with the boss today?

363. I don’t care what you do.

CONCERNED
As far as I’m concerned you can do what you like.
364. The meal we had in the restaurant was so nice.
SUCH
It was such a nice meal in the restaurant.

365. He was ordered to leave the field for arguing with the referee.
SENT

11
 The referee sent him off (the field)for arguing.

366. Do you and your brother have the same looks?

LIKE
Does your brother look like you?

367. That’s the garage where I left my car last week.

REPAIRED
That’s where I went to get my/the car repaired / to have my/the car repaired last week.

368. You can’t bring food into this room.

SUPPOSED
You are not supposed to bring food into this room.

369. I want to go to university this year.

INTERESTED
I am interested in going to university this year.

370. ‘Have you been on holiday recently, Jane?’ asked Tony.

BEEN
Tony asked Jane if/whether she had been on holiday recently.

371. I was too tired to go to the party.

THAT
I was so tired that / so exhausted that I couldn’t go to the party.

372. There’s no point asking Lynda to help as she’s really busy.

WASTE
It’s a waste of time asking Lynda to help as she’s really busy.

373. The union claims its members will only return to work if the company
agrees to a meetings.

12
 NOT
The union claims its members will not return to work unless the company agrees to a meeting.

374. I’m sure it was Ana I saw in town as I recognised her coat.
MUST
It must have been Ana I saw in town as I recognised her coat.

375. We demanded to see the hotel manager to make our complaint.

SEEKING
We insisted on/upon seeing the hotel manager to make our complaint.

376. The boss wouldn’t object to you going early today.

OBJECTION
The boss would not have any objection to you going early today.

377. ‘Why don’t you come over for dinner at the weekend?’ he asked her.
SUGGESTED
He suggested coming (over) / suggested that she came (over)for dinner at the weekend.

378. His boss won’t tolerate lateness.

PUT
His boss won’t put up with lateness.
379. The school I studied at last year was better than this one.
GOOD
This school is not as good as my last one.

380. Although the weather was terrible we had a good time.

SPITE
We had a good time in spite of the terrible weather.

381. Being rude is inexcusable.

EXCUSE

13
 There is no excuse for being rude.

382. I find driving on the left in England very strange.

ACUSTOMED
I am not accustomed to driving on the left in England.

383. I regret taking up smoking.

WISH
I wish I hadn’t taken up smoking.

384. The police are interviewing the suspects.

INTERVIEWED
The suspects are being interviewed by the police.

385. You must do exactly what the teacher tells you.

CARRY
You must carry out the teacher’s instructions exactly.

386. It’s not worth inviting her to the party. She will never come.
POINT
There is no point in inviting her to the party. She will never come.
387. They decided to advertise their house on the internet.
PUT
They decided to put an advert/advertisement for their house on the internet.

388. If Patrick does not arrange some more lessons, he will never pass his driving test.
DOES
Patrick will never pass his driving test if he doesn’t arrange some more lessons.

389. Steve is interested in learning how to design web sites.

LIKE
Steve would like to learn how to design web sites.

14
390. Due to the heavy rain, the children weren’t allowed to go outside at lunchtime.
LET
Due to the heavy rain, the teacher wouldn’t let the children go outside at lunchtime.

391. She had to finish her homework before she went out.
UNTIL
She had to stay in until she had finished/completed her homework.

392. So that Susan would be fit for the skiing, she went to the gym three times a week.
ORDER
Susan went to the gym three times a week in order to be / in order to get fit for the skiing.

393. Jo had not expected the film to be so good.

BETTER
The film was better than Jo / turned out better than Jo had expected.

394. Unfortunately, this television set has a mark on the screen.

THERE
Unfortunately there is a mark on the screen of this television set.

395. ‘Do you know the way to the Italian restaurant?’ Julie asked Maria.
WHERE
Julie asked Maria if she knew where the Italian restaurant was.

396. John never takes any notice of what his children say.
ATTENTION
John never pays (any) attention to what his children say.

397. The family went skiing a month ago.

MONTH
It is a month since the family went skiing.

15
398. The lecture was cancelled because the professor was ill.
CALLED
They called off the lecture because the professor was ill.

399. ‘Did you go to the tennis tournament on Saturday?’ David asked me.
BEEN
David wanted to know if I had been to the tennis tournament on Saturday.

400. The car had almost stopped when it hit the wall.
HARDLY
The car was hardly moving when it hit the wall.

401. Despite having several broken bones, John was able to complete in the race.
THOUGH
John was able to complete in the race even though he had several broken bones.

402. My grandfather is one of the last people alive who fought in the war.
VERY
Other than my grandfather there are very few people alive who faught in the war.

403. The car was too expensive for us to buy.

NOT
We would have bought that car if it had not been so expensive.

404. ‘Don’t do that again, or you’ll be in trouble!’ said the teacher.

WARNED
The students were warned not to do that again.

405. I can’t believe this is the best hotel in the city!

HOTELS
There must be better hotels than this one in the city.

16
406. Course fees must be paid in full before the course begins.
ALL
Students must pay all course fees before the course begins.

407. I haven’t been to Oxford for at least ten years.

WENT
The last time I went to Oxford was at least ten years ago.

408. My parents are both the same age.

AS
My mother is the same age as my father.

409. Learning French is a waste of time because the language is not widely spoken.
POINT
There’s no point learning French because the language is not widely spoken.
410. I moved here 10 years ago.
LIVED
I have lived here for 10 years.

411. I’m not as old as my brother.

THAN
My brother is older than me.

412. ‘Why don’t we go to the cinema?’

GOING
Daniel suggested going to the cinema.

413. I regret not studying harder when I was at school.

STUDIED
I wish I had studied harder when I was at school.

414. Someone has killed the party leader in a car bomb attack.
17
 HAS
The party leader has been killed in a car bomb attack.

415. It’s too cold to go to the beach today.

WARM
It’s not warm enough to go to the beach today.

416. You won’t pass the exam unless you study harder.
DON’T
If you don’t study harder you won’t pass the exam.

417. It took me two weeks to recover from the flu.

OVER
I needed two weeks to get over the flu.
418. He crashed his car because he wasn’t paying attention.
BEEN
If he had been paying attention he wouldn’t have crashed his car.

419. The doctor suggested that I starting playing golf.

UP
The doctor suggested I take up golf.

420. What are your plans for the weekend?

DO
What are you going to do at the weekend?

421. I haven’t visited my family since 2005.

TIME
The last time I visited my family was in 2005.

422. ‘If I were you, I would study law at university.’

ADVISED

18
 He advised me to study law at university.

423. She complains all the time about the teacher.

KEEPS
She keeps complaining about the teacher.

424. What subject was your favourite subject at school?

ENJOY
What subject did you enjoy most at school?

425. She wasn’t be allowed to come to the party.

LET
Her parents won’t let her come to the party.

426. Speaking English is still strange for me.

USED
I’m not used to speaking English.

427. I wasn’t able to understand much until I had studied for several years.
BEFORE
It was several years before I could understand much.

428. When the test had finished I remembered the correct answers!
REMEMBER
I didn’t remember the correct answers until the test had finished.

429. She can’t have passed the exam – she’s useless at maths!
FAILED
She must have failed the exam – she’s useless at maths.

430. It was difficult for Sarah to learn to read in Japanese.

DIFFICULTY

19
 Sarah had difficulty learning to read in Japanese.

431. The police had to find out whose fingerprints they were.
BELONGED
The police had to find out who the fingerprints belonged to.

432. Many people say that there is a ghost in that house.

SUPPOSED
There is supposed to be a ghost in that house.

433. It might rain this afternoon so take an umbrella.

RAINS
Take an umbrella in case it rains this afternoon.

434. You look the same as you did when we last met ten years ago.
CHANGED
You have not changed since our last meeting ten years ago.

435. You don’t need to rewrite the composition.

WAS
It was not necessary to rewrite the composition.

436. Toby said that I had taken his girlfriend.

ACCUSED
Toby accused me of taking his girlfriend.

437. ‘Does English bore you?’ the teacher asked Fredrick.

IF
The teacher asked Fredrick if English bored him.

438. It was the child’s grandfather who taught him to read music.
WAS

20
 The child was taught to read music by his grandfather.

439. I regret not being able to speak French fluently.

COULD
I wish I could speak French fluently.

440. Why are you interested in taking up a new hobby?

WANT
Why do you want to take up a new hobby?
441. ‘Have you seen my gloves anywhere, Eric?’ asked Mrs Noble.
SEEN
Mrs Noble asked Eric if/whether he/she had seen her gloves anywhere.

442. Suzanne was too excited to sleep.

THAT
Suzanne was so excited that she could not sleep.

443. Robert has not had a job for two years.

OUT
Robert has been out of work / been out of a job for two years.

444. ‘I will complete the work only if you pay me 500 pounds extra.’ Said Frank.
NOT
‘I will not complete the work unless you pay me 500 pounds extra,’ said Frank.

445. The thief ran past you so I’m sure you saw his face.
MUST
The thief ran right past you so you must have seen his face.

446. The clients demanded to stay in a first-class hotel.

STAYING
The clients insisted on/upon staying in a first-class hotel.

21
447. I don’t object to the council building a new road here.
OBJECTION
I have no objection to / haven’t any objection to / make no objection to the council building a new
road here.

448. The author wrote her latest novel while she was staying in Majorca.
WAS
The author’s latest novel was written during her / was written during a stay in Majorca.
449. The newspaper offered Lynda 5,000 pounds for her story, but she refused.
TURNED
Lynda turned down the offer / turned down an offer of 5,000 pounds from the newspaper for her
story.

450. The Irish man was determined to pay for our drinks.
INSISTED
The Irish man insisted on paying for our drinks.

451. It’s forbidden to take pictures.

NOT
You must not take pictures.

452. It isn’t necessary to feed the cats. I’ve already fed them.
HAVE
You don’t have to feed the cats.

453. It’s prohibited to take pets into the museum.

NOT
You must not take pets into the museum.

454. It isn’t necessary to change the sheets. I’ll do it tomorrow.

NEED
You don’t need to change the sheets.

22
455. Students aren’t allowed to leave the dormitory after 11 p.m.
NOT
Students mustn’t/can not leave the dormitory after 11 p.m.

456. Kindergarten students needn’t wear school uniforms.

HAVE
Kindergarten students don’t have to wear school uniforms.

457. My brother is a better violinist than me.

AS
I don’t play the violin as well as my brother.

458. The exam wasn’t as easy as I had expected.

MORE
The exam play the violin as well I had expected.

459. Snakes don’t frighten me at all.

AFRAID
I play the violin as well snakes at all.

460. I hate it when I have to get up early.

STAND
I play the violin as well to get up early.

461. What was the name of the hotel you stayed in last year?
WHERE
What was the name of the hotel play the violin as well last year?

462. My mother’s health is improving slowly.

BETTER
My mother play the violin as well slowly.

23
463. When I was a child, we often walked to school.
USED
When I was a child, we often used to walk to school.

464. He was nervous because he had hardly ever made a speech.

USED
He was nervous because he often used to walk speeches.

465. Emma has lent John her car for the weekend.
EMMA’S
John often used to walk for the weekend.

466. This is Alice’s first day at her new school.

JUST
Alice has just started at a new school.

467. What type of film do you like best?

FAVOURITE
What is your favourite type of film?

468. I do not want to be in that television programme.

PART
I do not want to take part in that television programme.

469. I started work here six years ago, and I’m still here.
HAVE
I have been working here for six years.

470. I last saw her in May.

NOT
I have not seen her since May.

24
471. I haven’t got any bread left – I must go and buy some.
RUN
I have run out of bread – I must go and buy some.

472. I first met Jonathan in 2003.

KNOWN
I have known Jonathan since 2003.

473. I can’t remember a time when I wasn’t friends with Rosie.

AS
I’ve been friends with Rosie for as long as I can remember.

474. I find films with lots of flashbacks very confusing.

GET
I get confused by films with lots of flashbacks.

475. They don’t know yet how many extras they will need in the film.
WORKED
They haven’t worked out yet how many extras they will need in the film.

476. People climb mountains looking for adventure.

SEARCH
People climb mountains in search of adventure.

477. Please don’t do anything dangerous when you are on the mountain.
RISK
Please don’t take any risk when you are on the mountain.

478. Which part of the climb frightened you more than the rest?
MOST
Which was the most frightening part of the climb for you?

25
479. I prefer skiing to doing any other sports.
RATHER
I’d rather ski than do any other sports.
480. Very few mountains in the world are as high as K2.
THE
K2 is one of the highest mountains in the world.

481. I get embarrassed when I am praised.

IT
I find it embarrassing when people praise me.

482. My sister is too young to go hang-gliding on her own.

NOT
My sister is not old enough to go hang-gliding on her own.

483. I find sport less interesting than my brother does.

IS
My brother is more interested in sport than I am.

484. Thousands of athletes run the London marathon every year.

TAKE
Thousands of athletes take part in the London marathon every year.

485. I will always remember my time at university as a very happy period in my life.
BACK
I will always look back on my time at university as a very happy period in my life.

486. What kind of weather is Brazil having at the moment/

LIKE
What is the weather like in Brazil at the moment?

487. I really dislike people who think they are better than everyone else.
26
 LOOK
I really dislike people who look down on everyone else.

488. Do you want to go for a walk?

FEEL
Do you feel like going for a walk?

489. His teacher has a very high opinion of his abilities.

THINKS
His teacher thinks very highly of his abilities.

490. He never discovered who had written the letter.

OUT
He didn’t ever find out who had written the letter.

491. Maria hadn’t finished working by ten o’clock.

STILL
Maria was still working at ten o’clock.

492. Don’t drive so fast: this road is dangerous.

MORE
Please drive more slowly on this road, as it’s dangerous.

493. The police are investigating what caused the accident.

INTO
The police are looking into the cause of the accident.

494. The boot of my car is very small.

NOT
There is not much space in the boot of my car.

495. Susan is always reliable.

RELY
27
 I know I can always rely on Susan.

496. This Friday will be the end of my sixth week here.

HAVE
By Friday I will have been here for six weeks.

497. Jamie started to cook when he was a child.

SINCE
Jamie has been cooking since he was a child.

498. Our house is built of stone.

BUILD
They used stone to build our house.

499. There weren’t many people at the concert.

ONLY
There were only a few people at the concert.

500. I want to maintain contact with all my school friends.

TOUCH
I want to keep in touch with all my school friends.

501. I think that chocolate may be one of my allergies.

TO
I think that I may be allergic to chocolate.

502. I love eating sweets, although they are bad for my teeth.
SPITE
I love eating sweets, in spite of the fact that they are bad for my teeth.
503. They reduced the price of the jacket because it was torn.
DISCOUNT
I got a discount on the jacket because it was torn.

28
504. ‘Will you lend me the car, Dad?’ asked Jules.
BORROW
Jules asked his father if he could borrow the car.

505. ‘I’m sorry I’m late,’ said Peter.

APOLOGISED
Peter apologised for being late.

506. Karen is the most helpful person I know.

AS
No one else I know is as helpful as Karen.

507. ‘I’m not going to tell you the answer!’ he told me.
REFUSED
He refused to tell me the answer.

508. They said they found his attitude very upsetting.

BEEN
They said they had been very upset by his attitude.

509. ‘It’s the best chocolate in the world,’ said the sponsor.
CLAIMED
The sponsor claimed that it was the best chocolate in the world.

510. ‘Don’t open your present until you get home,’ Jorge told Peter.
NOT
Jorge told Peter not to open his present until he got home.
511. I’d like to visit Africa.
APPEALS
The idea of visiting Africa appeals to me.

512. John wasn’t sure whether he could come to the party.

29
 MIGHT
John thought he might not be able to come to the party.

513. Jon found the story of the explorer totally absorbing.

BY
Jon was totally absorbed by the story of the explorer.

514. Could I speak to you quickly, please?

WORD
Could I have a quick word with you, please?

515. Julia was quick to solve the problem.

DEALT
The problem was dealt with quickly by Julia.

516. We arrived at the station just before the train left, so we caught it.
TIME
We arrived at the station in time to catch the train.

517. I think it is possible that she is telling the truth to us.

MAY
I think that she may be telling us the truth.

518. There’s no chance that it was Sue who phoned last night.
HAVE
It can’t have been Sue who phoned last night.

519. Can I contact you by phone at the weekend?

POSSIBLE
Is it possible for me to contact you by phone at the weekend?

520. I’ve got to present the new project to the management next week.

30
 GIVE
I’ve got to give a presentation on the new project to the management next week.

521. What do you think about nature programmes on television?

OPINION
What’s your opinion of nature programmes on television?

522. I want to go to Japan, but I don’t have enough money.

HAD
If I had enough money, I would go to Japan.

523. My sister is always teasing me about the clothes I wear.

FUN
My sister is always making fun of the clothes I wear.

524. What’s your job at the moment?

DO
What do you do for a living at the moment?

525. In the event of rain, we will cancel the game.

IT
If it rains, the game will be cancelled.

526. If you don’t try harder, you won’t know if you can do it.
UNLESS
You won’t know if you can do it unless you try harder.

527. Alexander the Great started the famous library in Alexandria.

FOUNDED
The famous library in Alexandria was founded by Alexander the Great.

528. I drive to work because there’s no bus.

31
 WAS
I wouldn’t drive to work if there was a bus.

529. You missed the train because you overslept.

CAUGHT
If you hadn’t overslept, you would have caught the train.

530. It was a mistake buying that expensive car.

ONLY
If only I had not bought that expensive car.

531. He interrupts me all the time.

KEEPS
He keeps interrupting me all the time.

532. I’d love to be able to speak Chinese.

COULD
I wish I could speak Chinese.

533. You really ought to get a new car – yours is so old!

HIGH
It’s high time you got a new car – yours is so old!
534. Mary is completely dependable.
ALWAYS
I can always depend on Mary.

535. I regret losing my favourite pair of gloves.

WISH
I wish I hadn’t lost my favourite pair of gloves.

536. It would be better for me if you could come to visit me next weekend.
RATHER

32
 I’d rather you came to visit me next weekend.

537. They got married a year ago.

TOOK
Their wedding took place last year.

538. I think you look tired. Shall we go home now?

IF
You look as if you’re tired. Shall we go home now?

539. The food was so good we had to leave a tip.

SUCH
It was such good food we had to leave a tip.

540. The computer was too expensive for me to buy.

ENOUGH
I did not have enough money to buy the computer.

541. It’s the most beautiful painting I’ve ever seen.

SEEN
I have never seen such a / have never seen a more beautiful painting.
542. This summer has been much cooler than last year.
COOL
Last summer was not as cool as this year.

543. I’m not as good at maths as you.

BETTER
You are better at maths than / can do maths better than me.

544. The course wasn’t as easy as I’d expected.

MORE
The course was more difficult than I’d expected.

33
545. This car isn’t enough safe to drive.
DANGEROUS
This car is too dangerous to drive.

546. This exercise is easier than the last one.

HARD
This exercise isn’t as hard as the last one.

547. The price of food seems to have increased recently.

GONE
The price of food has gone up recently.

548. When I was a child I lived by the sea, but now I live in the city.
TO
When I was a child I used to live by the sea, but now I live in the city.

549. I don’t find it difficult to get up early every morning now.

USED
I have got used to getting up early every morning now.

550. All the old clothes were in Maria’s wardrobe.

CONTAINED
It was Maria’s wardrobe which contained all the old clothes.

551. When he lived in Cambridge, Giorgio cycled everywhere.

WOULD
When Giorgio lived in Cambridge, he would cycle everywhere.

552. ‘Kazuo, would you please make the living room tidy?’ asked Sue.
UP
Sue asked Kazuo to tidy up the living room.

34
553. People choose to work in different ways in different places.
ACCORDING
People choose to work in different ways according to where they are.

554. What is your favourite thing in your room?

MOST
What do you like most in your room?

555. Since I found out the truth, I have changed my opinion of him.
MIND
Since I found out the truth, I have changed my mind about him.

556. He understands new things really quickly.

CATCHES
He catches on to new things really quickly.

557. You were wrong to tell the other students about their results.
SHOULD
You shouldn’t have told the other students about their results.

558. Smoking is now prohibited in many restaurants.

ALLOWED
You aren’t allowed to smoke in many restaurants now.

559. Is it necessary to join the club if I want to play tennis there?

TO
Do I have to join the club if I want to play tennis there?

560. You should do at least two hours’ homework every night.

SUPPOSED
You are not supposed to do less than two hours’ homework every night.

35
561. She finds learning new languages really easy.
PICK
She finds it really easy to pick up new languages.

562. I don’t think it’s worth waiting for him: he’s always late.
POINT
I don’t think there’s any point in waiting for him: he’s always late.

563. You should continue these exercise until your leg is better.
DOING
You shouldn’t stop doing these exercises until your leg is better.

564. Admission to the museum is free.

CHARGE
There is no charge for admission to the museum.
565. He was lucky at first, but his luck soon changed.
RAN
His luck soon ran out, although he was lucky at first.

566. I’ll finish the report if they give me enough time to do it.
LONG
I’ll finish the report as long as they give me enough time to do it.

567. I found the job rather boring, but at least it paid well.
EVEN
At least the job paid well, even though it was rather boring.

568. Peter was the best organiser of events in the office.

COULD
Peter could organise events better than anyone else in the office.

569. Carlos knew how to drive by the time he was eighteen.

36
 ABLE
Carlos was able to drive by the time he was eighteen.

570. I don’t know how to type, but it would be useful if I could.

ONLY
If only I knew how to type, it would be useful.

571. Nick became famous as a writer very quickly.

TAKE
It didn’t take Nick long to become famous as a writer.

572. It seems as though a lot of couples get divorced nowadays.

DOWN
A lot of marriages seem to break down nowadays.
573. In my job I get free car parking in the city.
PAY
In my job I don’t have to pay for car parking in the city.

574. The burglar entered the house at night.

BROKE
The burglar broke into the house at night.

575. The police gave him the information.

WAS
He was given the information by the police.

576. ‘It was Andy who took the pen!’ said Helen.
ACCUSED
Helen accused Andy of having taken the pen.

577. People think he is living in London now.

THOUGHT

37
 He is thought to be living in London now.

578. I need someone to check these reports before I send them out.
GET
I need to get these reports checked before I send them out.

579. After the verdict, the judge ordered the man to go to prison for three years.
SENTENCED
After the verdict, the judge sentenced the man to three years in prison.

580. Nobody noticed her slip into the room.

WITHOUT
She slipped into the room without being noticed by anyone.

581. It takes some people longer to recover from an illness than others.
OVER
Some people take longer to get over an illness than others.

582. People say the museum is very good.

SAID
The museum is said to be very good.

583. I love being outside in the rain.

ENJOY
What enjoy is being outside in the rain.

584. Because I was enjoying the trip a lot, I didn’t want it to end.
MUCH
I was enjoying the trip so much that I didn’t want it to end.

585. I have more work than I can manage at the moment.

SNOWED

38
 I am snowed under with work at the moment.

586. I think I’m too impatient to be a wildlife photographer.

PATIENT
I don’t think I am patient enough to be a wildlife photographer.

587. The wind was so strong that we could not stand against it.
SUCH
It was such a strong wind that we could not stand against it.

588. I couldn’t understand the documentary because it was too technical.

FOR
The documentary was too technical for me to understand.

589. It’s interesting that hurricanes are often given the name of a man or woman.
THEY
What is interesting about hurricanes is that they are often given the name of a
man or woman.

590. We have to solve this problem in the near future.

SOLUTION
We have to find a solution to this problem in the near future.

591. Carla had far fewer friends when she lived in New Yourk than she does now.
LOT
Carla has a lot more friends now than when she lived in New Yourk.

592. Eating a heavy meal before a long journey is not

advised. WISE
It is not wise to eat a heavy meal before a long journey.

593. Jaime said to me, ‘I don’t think you should go out. It’s very cold.’

39
 ADVISED
Jaime advised me not to go out because it was so cold.

594. The discussion raised many new issues.

BROUGHT
Many new issues were brought up in the discussion.

595. Skiers are reminded that they must take care on the slopes at all times.
REMEMBER
Skiers must remember to take care on the slopes at all times.
596. Guests should leave their keys at reception whenever they leave the hotel.
RECOMMENDED
Guests are recommended to leave their keys at reception whenever they leave the hotel.

597. The storm last night was unexpected.

BLEW
The storm blew up unexpectedly last night.

598. He forgot to take any money with him, and he left his passport behind as well.
ADDITION
He forgot to take any money with him in addition to leaving his passport behind.

599. Peter didn’t enjoy travelling, but Chloe did.

UNLIKE
Chloe enjoyed travelling, unlike Peter.

600. The moment she finished her education, she left home.
SOON
She left home as soon as she had finished her education.

601. ‘Would you like to come for dinner at our house?’ asked Ruth.
INVITED

40
 Ruth invited us to come for dinner at their house.

602. Ivan didn’t find it difficult to give up smoking.

DIFFICULTY
Ivan had no difficulty giving up smoking.

603. Stefania’s suggestions are always useful.

SOMEONE
Stefania is someone whose suggestions are always useful.

604. The witness described the assassin in detail.

DESCRIPTION
The witness gave a detailed description of the assassin.

605. It’s a pity we didn’t see Athens when we visited Greece.

COULD
If only we could have seen Athens when we visited Greece.

606. A very interesting guide told us about the exhibits.

WERE
We were told about the exhibits by a very interesting guide.

607. The test was too difficult for the students to pass.
SO
The test was so difficult that the students couldn’t pass it.

608. The mechanic in the town centre repaired my father’s car.

HAD
My father had his car repaired by the mechanic in the town centre.

609. I only passed the exam because the teacher helped me.
NOT

41
 If the teacher had not helped me I would not have passed the exam.

610. People say that cats have nine lives.

SAID
Cats are said to have nine lives.

611. The school has postponed the trip to London until next week.
OFF
The school trip to London has been put off until next week.

612. Meri accidentaly crashed her father’s car.

MEAN
Meri did not mean to crash her father’s car.

613. It was wrong of you to copy the homework from your friend.
COPIED
You should not have copied the homework from your friend.

614. You may not find it easy to understand phrasal verbs.

MIGHT
It might be difficult for you to understand phrasal verbs.

615. The best surgeon in town did Paolo’s operation.

HAD
Paolo had his operation done by the best surgeon in town.

616. In my opinion you’ll be a fantastic teacher!

NO
I have no doubt you’ll be a fantastic teacher.

617. I last visited London 7 years ago.

NOT

42
 I have not visited London for seven years.

618. ‘I’ll be home by midnight, ‘said Isadora.

GET
Isadora promised she would get home by midnight.
619. Teachers from the British Council started this school.
SET
This school was set up by teachers from the British Council.

620. Chiara spent years trying to pass the First Certificate exam.
TOOK
It took Chiara years to pass the First Certificate exam.

621. I met Peter ten years ago.

KNOWN
I have known Peter for ten years.

622. I haven’t seen a film since July.

LAST
I last saw a film in July.

623. It’s been months since I have seen a good movie on TV.
TIME
The last time I saw a good movie on TV was months ago.

624. We bought a DVD player when Nicholas got his new job.
UNTIL
We didn’t buy a DVD player until Nicholas got his new job.

625. This is the first time I have been to the cinema on my own.
NEVER
I have never been to the cinema on my own before.

43
626. I’ve worn my hair like this for as long as I can remember.
STARTED
I can’t remember when I started wearing my hair like this.
627. I haven’t been to Rome before.
FIRST
This is the first time I have been to Rome.

628. I get very embarrased when people find out that I used to be on television.
IT
I think it is very embarrassing when people find out that I used to be on television.

629. Nothing irritates me more than email advertising.

MORE
There is nothing more irritating than email advertising.

630. She thinks it’s insulting when people won’t take her advice.
FEELS
She feels insulted by people not taking her advice.

631. The match was so thrilling that the crowd wouldn’t stop cheering.
WERE
The crowd were so thrilled by the match that they wouldn’t stop cheering.

632. Her nerves were soothed by the gentle music.

WAS
The gentle music was soothing for her nerves.

633. The idea of flying can be frightening for some people.

ARE
A lot of people are frightened by the idea of flying.

634. I haven’t received any news from Pedro since the end of July.
44
 HEARD
I haven’t heard from Pedro since the end of July.

635. We decided to spend the afternoon exploring the shops.

LOOKING
We decided to spend the afternoon looking round the shops.

636. I haven’t had a chance to examine the documents for the meeting yet.
LOOK
I haven’t had a chance to look through the documents for the meeting yet.

637. I got the information about the scholarship through a friend of mine.
HEARD
I heard about the scholarship from a friend of mine.

638. I will always remember that year as a very happy one.

LOOK
I will always look back on that year as a very happy one.

639. I don’t understand why he couldn’t recognize the truth about her.
SEE
I don’t understand why he couldn’t see through her.

640. I shouted at him to be careful but he still ran across the road without looking.
OUT
I shouted at him to look out but he still ran across the road without looking.

641. The doctor told me the injection would not hurt very much at all.
HARDLY
The doctor told me the injection would hardly hurt at all.

642. I think the concert will probably not take place.

45
 HIGHLY
I think it’s highly unlikely (that)the concert will take place.

643. Make sure you wear clothes that don’t restrict your movements.
ALLOW
Make sure you wear clothes that allow you to move freely.

644. You don’t have to pay to go into that museum.

GET
You can get into that museum (for)free.

645. People who make more effort usually do better than others.
TRY
People who try harder usually do better than others.

646. I thought his behaviour was very silly.

BEHAVED
I thought he behaved in a very silly way.

647. He didn’t stop on the way home.

STRAIGHT
He went straight home.

648. The meal in the restaurant may have been extremely expensive but it was
really delicious.
LEG
The meal in the restaurant may have cost an arm and a leg but it was really delicious.

649. Would you mind helping me move this sofa?

HAND
Would you mind giving me a hand with this sofa?
650. I’m involved in a lot of projects at the moment.

46
 FINGER
I’ve got my finger in a lot of pies at the moment.

651. When I needed someone to talk to about my problems, Bill was always there.
SHOULDER
When I needed a shoulder to cry on, Bill was always there.

652. Since I met Mark, I haven’t looked at other boys.

EYES
Since I met him, I have only had eyes for Mark.

653. He was playing so well it seemed as if he couldn’t make a mistake.

FOOT
He was playing so well it seemed he couldn’t put a foot wrong.

654. ‘Do you want to come over and watch a movie?’ she asked.
IF
She asked me if I wanted to come over and watch a movie.

655. ‘Where do you buy most of your clothes?’ she asked.

KNOW
She wanted to know where I bought most of my clothes.

656. ‘Can I borrow your leather jacket?’ he asked.

IF
He asked me if he could borrow my leather jacket.

657. ‘I have to get a new laptop tomorrow,’ she said.

THAT
She said that she had to get a new laptop the next day.

658. ‘I won’t be here next week,’ she explained.

47
 THERE
She explained that she wouldn’t be there the following week.

659. ‘We’re going to paint the living room yellow,’ she announced.
THAT
She announced that they were going to paint the living room yellow.

660. ‘I haven’t ever been on a plane before,’ she said.

NEVER
She explained that she had never been on a plane before.

661. ‘Who did you see at the party?’ he asked.

KNOW
He wanted to know who we had seen at the party.

662. ‘Were you living in London when you met Celia?’ she asked.
IF
She asked him if he had been living in London when he met Celia.

663. ‘You should get more sleep,’ the doctor told me.
ADVISED
The doctor advised me to get more sleep.

664. ‘Eating more fruit is good for you too,’ she said.
RECOMMENDED
She recommended that I (should) eat more fruit.

665. ‘Why don’t you come for a coffee?’ Nigel said to me.
INVITED
Nigel invited me for a coffee.

666. ‘I wasn’t anywhere near the bank that day,’ he said.

48
 DENIED
He denied being anywhere near the bank that day.

667. ‘I won’t be able to finish the assignment,’ she said.

EXPLAINED
She explained that she wouldn’t be able to finish the assignment.

668. ‘I am not going to let you in,’ she told him.

REFUSED
She refused to let him in.

669. ‘You won the match. Well done!’ the coach said to them.
CONGRATULATED
The coach congratulated them on winning the match.

670. ‘If you don’t turn that down, I’ll call the police,’ said the man downstairs.
THREATENED
The man downstairs threatened to call the police if we didn’t turn the music down.

671. ‘Don’t walk around alone after dark. It’s dangerous,’ the teacher told us.
WARNED
The teacher warned us not to walk around alone after dark.

672. Without the right equipment, I’m sure I can’t do the job.
UNLESS
I’m sure I can’t do the job unless I have the right equipment.
673. In the event of fire, do not use the lift.
THERE
Do not use the lift if there is a fire.

674. With more time, I would have been able to finish the assignment.
HAD

49
 I would have been able to finish the assignment if I had had more time.

675. If we don’t buy a sofa-bed, there won’t be anywhere for Johanna to sleep.
UNLESS
There won’t be anywhere for Johanna to sleep unless we buy a sofa-bed.

676. I live in London because it is one of the most exciting cities in the world.
WAS
I wouldn’t live in London unless it was / if it was not one of the most
exciting cities in the world.

677. I’m sorry I didn’t see that film.

WISH
I wish I had seen that film.

678. I really regret inviting him to the party.

ONLY
If only I hadn’t invited him to the party.

679. It really annoys me the way she does that.

WISH
I wish she wouldn’t do that.

680. It was a real mistake not to revise for the exam.

ONLY
If only I had revised for the exam.

681. I wish I could rollerskate.

ABLE
I would be happy if I were able to rollerskate.

682. She sometimes wishes she had never left Australia.

50
 REGRETS
She sometimes regrets leaving / regrets having left Australia.

683. You should go to bed now.

TIME
It’s time you went to bed.

684. I’d prefer you to give me some money for my birthday.

RATHER
I’d rather you gave me some money for my birthday.

685. You might not think it’s risky but what if someone saw you do it.
SUPPOSE
You might not think it’s risky but suppose someone saw you do it.

686. A lot of people really admire the president of our country.

LOOK
A lot of people really look up to the president of our country.

687. I’ve had a few problems at work but things are improving now.
UP
I’ve had a few problems at work but things are looking up now.

688. The price of petrol has increased a lot lately.

GONE
The price of petrol has gone up a lot lately.

689. You’ve hung that picture upside down.

WAY
You’ve hung that picture the wrong way up.

51
690. It’s your decision whether you take the job or not.
UP
It’s up to you whether you take the job or not.

691. The doctor told me I would be able to get up and walk around tomorrow.
ABOUT
The doctor told me I would be up and about tomorrow.

692. Club members can bring guests to the club on Thursday.

PERMITTED
Club members are permitted to bring guests to the club on Thursday.

693. Could you tell me if I have to bring a sleeping bag?

NECESSARY
Could you tell me if it is necessary for me to bring a sleeping bag.

694. You can’t use a personal stereo on a plane.

ALLOWED
You are not allowed to use a personal stereo on a plane.

695. We asked if we could move to a quieter room .

POSSIBLE
We asked if it would be possible to move to a quieter room.
696. He had to give the money back.
OBLIGED
He was obliged to give the money back.

697. You mustn’t wear dark-soled shoes in the gym.

SUPPOSED
You are not supposed to wear dark-soled shoes in the gym.

698. They made me admit that I was wrong.

52
 FORCED
I was forced to admit that I was wrong.

699. I wanted to go out with my boyfriend, but my parents said I couldn’t.

LET
My parents wouldn’t let me go out with my boyfriend.

700. My parents insisted I study the piano.

MADE
I was made to study the piano by my parents.

701. If no one else applies, you can have the job.

PROVIDED
You can have the job provided that no one else applies.

702. If it isn’t too hot, we’ll go for a walk in the mountains.

UNLESS
We’ll go for a walk in the mountains unless it is too hot.

703. I found the film rather frightening but I’m glad I saw it.
EVEN
I’m glad I saw the film even though I was frightened by it.
704. We’ll place an order so long as you give us a discount.
CONDITION
We’ll place an order on condition that you give us a discount.

705. If you don’t put that money in a safe place, you might lose it.
CASE
You should put that money in a safe place in case you lose it.

706. I’ll buy that jacket if they have it in my size.

LONG

53
 I’ll buy that jacket as long as they have it in my size.

707. They gave him a free meal after he complained about the long delay.
WAS
After he complained about the long delay he was given a free meal.

708. Our dog loves it when you take him for a walk.
TAKEN
Our dog loves being taken for a walk.

709. I was thrilled that they chose me to play the part.

TO
I was thrilled to be chosen to play the part.

710. They made me feel extremely welcome.

MADE
I was made to feel extremely welcome.

711. People knew she was an expert.

KNOWN
She was known to be an expert.

712. The cat dislikes it when children pat him.

PATTED
The cat dislikes being patted by children.

713. He was angry when someone told him to turn the music down.
ABOUT
He was angry about being told to turn the music down.

714. He hoped they would let him take the test again.
ALLOWED

54
 He hoped he would be allowed to take the test again.

715. People say the castle is over eight hundred years old.
SAID
The castle is said to be over eight hundred years old.

716. Our house needs painting.

MUST
We must have/get our house painted.

717. Someone stole their television when they left their front door unlocked.
HAD
They had their television stolen when they left their front door unlocked.

718. My friend gets a manicurist to paint her nails for her.

HAS
My friend has her nails painted by a manicurist.

719. A friend checked the car for me before I bought it.

HAD
Before I bought it, I had my car checked by a friend.

720. Did the storm break those windows?

GET
Did those windows get broken by the storm?

721. They cut off the king’s head.

HAD
The king had his head cut off.

722. I have too much work to do at the moment.

SNOWED

55
 I am snowed under with work at the moment.

723. The doctor told me I would be perfectly all right in the morning.
RAIN
The doctor told me I would be as right as rain in the morning.

724. We were all crying by the end of the movie.

FLOODS
We were all in floods of tears by the end of the movie.

725. I have no problems at all at the moment.

CLOUD
There isn’t a cloud in the sky for me at the moment.

726. Many people disagreed strongly with the new law.

STORM
There was a storm of protest about the new law.
727. To make progress in life you have to make plans.
GET
To get on in life you have to make plans.

728. He never abandoned hope of meeting another girl like Sophie.

GAVE
He never gave up hope of meeting another girl like Sophie.

729. Unexpected problems can arise even if you are well-prepared.

COME
Unexpected problems can come up even if you are well-prepared.

730. He found it difficult to accept his own limitations.

FACE
He found it difficult to face up to his own limitations.

56
731. Susan always knows how to do what is necessary in a difficult situation.
DEAL
Susan always knows how to deal with a difficult situation.

732. We found a very cheap and pleasant hotel completely by chance.

CAME
We came across a very cheap and pleasant hotel completely by chance.

733. It’s a good idea to discuss your ideas with someone older.
THROUGH
It’s good idea to talk through your ideas with someone older.

734. This coffee is too hot to drink.

NOT
This coffee is not cool enough to drink.
735. I have never seen such an exciting film before.
FIRST
It’s the first time I have seen such an exciting film.

736. ‘Where do you work, Sue?’ asked Pete.

KNOW
Pete wanted know where Sue worked now.

737. It’s very easy to maintain contact with friends nowadays.

TOUCH
It’s very easy stay/keep in touch with friends nowadays.

738. I live in New Yourk because it is a very exciting place.

IF
I wouldn’t live in New Yourk if it was/were not a very exciting place.

739. It was a mistake not to buy a better car.

57
 ONLY
If only I had bought a better car.

740. They had to cancel the game because of the rain.

OFF
The game was called off because of the rain.

741. I wish I could speak Italian.

LOVE
I would love to be able to speak Italian.

742. You have to decide whether to accept the job.

UP
It’s up to you whether you accept the job.

743. Could you take care of our cat while we are on holiday?
AFTER
Would you mind looking after our cat while we are on holiday?

744. My father lived in the country throughout his childhood.

BROUGHT
My father was brought up in the country.

745. Their daughter is an adult now.

HAS
Their daughter has grown up now.

746. I have a good relationship with my two younger sisters.

WELL
I get on well with my two younger sisters.

747. The teacher was angry with us for being late.

58
 OFF
The teacher told us off for being late.

748. He is very like his father in character and appearance.

TAKES
He takes after his father in character and appearance.

749. He had always admired his Aunt Sandra.

LOOKED
He had always looked up to his Aunt Sandra.

750. I’m sure the twins will be doing something naughty while we’re out.
GETTING
I’m sure the twins will be getting up to something while we’re out.

751. The photocopier broke down three days ago.

ORDER
The photocopier has been out of order for three days.

752. Nobody in our class is as good at basketball as I am.

PLAYER
I am the best player in our class.

753. My older brother is a social worker in one of the big hospitals.

WORKS
My older brother works as a social worker in one of the big hospitals.

754. My friends left before I arrived at the meeting point.

WHEN
My friends had left when I arrived at the meeting point.

755. ‘Alright, I stole the money. I admit it,’ she said.

59
 THAT
She admitted that she had stolen the money.

756. Susan plays the piano better than Jacky.

AS
Jacky doesn’t play the piano as well as Susan.

757. Badminton and tennis are similar in some ways.

LIKE
Badminton is like tennis in some way.
758. ‘Would you like to stay for dinner?’ she asked.
INVITED
She invited us to stay for dinner.

759. The Nigerian beat the Moroccan by 2.5 seconds.

FASTER
The Nigerian ran 2.5 seconds faster than the Moroccan.

760. ‘What’s the time?’ he asked.

TELL
He asked me to tell him the time.

761. Are you saying I’m lying?

ACCUSING
Are you accusing me of lying?

762. I’ll send you a postcard from Greece.’ He said.

PROMISED
He promised to send (us/them/her etc.)a postcard from Greece.

763. Could you possibly help me with this box?

MIND

60
 Would you mind helping me with this box?

764. ‘I won’t speak to Tom,’ she said.

REFUSED
She refused to speak to Tom.

765. ‘I have never seen the woman before,’ he said.

DENIED
He denied (ever) having seen the woman before.
766. ‘Yes, I think we should invite Sue to the party too,’ she said.
AGREED
She agreed that we should invite Sue to the party.

767. Have you thought about getting a holiday job this summer?
CONSIDERED
Have you considered getting a holiday job this summer?

768. ‘We’ll look after your cat while you’re away if you like,’ he said.
OFFERED
He offered to look after our cat while we were away.

769. You shouldn’t give them the impression you don’t want the job.
AVOID
You should avoid giving them the impression you don’t want the job.

770. ‘OK. I’ve been going out with another girl,’ he said.
ADMITTED
He admitted he had been going / admitted (to) going out with another girl.

771. I am fairly sure I will pass all my exams this year.

EXPECT
I expect to pass all my exams this year.

61
772. Flying frightens many people.
AFRAID
Many people are afraid of flying.

773. It’s very rare for me to go to the cinema.

HARDLY
I hardly ever go to the cinema.

774. Jim has done more work than you.

AS
You haven’t done as much work as Jim.

775. I had imagined there were going to be many more people.

FAR
There were far fewer people than I had imagined.

776. He is similar in appearance to his father.

LIKE
He looks like his father.

777. I was advised to start swimming by my doctor.

TAKE
My doctor advised me to take up swimming.

778. ‘I’m sure you stole that money,’ he said.

ACCUSED
He accused me of stealing the money.

779. I thought it would be a good idea if I went home.

OUGHT
I thought I ought to go home.

62
780. I came to live here in 1984.
SINCE
I have lived here since 1984.

781. The teacher distributed the examination papers.

OUT
The teacher gave out the examination papers.

782. John found it difficult to adjust to his new school.

USED
John couldn’t get used to his new school.

783. My brother is too young to drive a car.

NOT
My brother is not old enough to drive a car.

784. I tried as hard as I could, but I still didn’t pass.

BEST
I have known each other since, but I still didn’t pass.

785. My parents met in 1970.

SINCE
My parents have met each other since 1970.

786. I don’t share your opinion about military service.

AGREE
I don’t agree with you about military service.

787. He has too much free time since he retired.

HANDS
He has too much time on his hands since he retired.

63
788. Driving on the left will always feel strange to me.
GET
I don’t think I will ever get used to driving on the left.
789. Can you calculate the answers to these sums?
WORK
Can you work out the answers to these sums?

790. She said she wouldn’t tell anyone about what happened.
NOT
She promised not to tell anyone about what happened.

791. The operator had trouble connecting me to the sales department.

THROUGH
The operator had trouble putting me through to the sales department.

792. I lived in London as a child, but I don’t anymore.

USED
I used to live in London as a child.

793. Could you possibly share your book with me?

MIND
Would you mind sharing your book with me?

794. It wasn’t a very good idea for you to sit in the sun for so long.
SHOULD
You shouldn’t have set in the sun for so long.

795. I’m sure he hasn’t gone far because the car is still here.
CAN
He can’t have gone far because the car is still here.

796. I think it was possibly the cat which scratched the table.
64
 MIGHT
The cat might have scratched the table.
797. She was definitely here earlier because she’s left her umbrella.
MUST
She must have been here earlier because she’s left her umbrella.

798. Buying that car was a real mistake.

SHOULD
We shouldn’t have bought that car.

799. There’s a chance that he phoned, but I haven’t been in.

COULD
He could have phoned, but I haven’t been in.

800. There’s absolutely no chance that she took the money. I’ve been with her all
the time.
CAN
She can’t have taken the money. I’ve been with her all the time.

801. I’m sure she’s gone to play tennis. She’s taken her racket.
MUST
She must have gone to play tennis. She’s taken her racket.

802. It’s very important for me to write to my brother.

MUST
I must write to my brother.

803. It wasn’t necessary for them to cook so much food.

NEED
They needn’t have cooked so much food.

804. They were forced to do their homework before they went out.
HAD
65
 They had to do their homework before they want out.

805. It is not permitted to take photographs in here.

CAN
You can’t/cannot take photographs in here.

806. There was no need for you to come.

HAVE
You needn’t have come.

807. You shouldn’t talk while the teacher is speaking.

SUPPOSED
You are not supposed to talk while the teacher is speaking.

808. It’s necessary for me to work late tonight.

GOT
I ‘ve got to work late tonight.

809. No one expected you to wait for them.

NEED
You didn’t need to wait for them.

810. I didn’t know he was going to the party so I stayed in.

NEVER
I would never have stayed in if I had known he was going to the party.

811. My father advised me not to marry you but I wouldn’t listen to him.
TAKEN
I wouldn’t have married you if I had taken my father’s advice.
812. Mike stole the money and went to prison as a result.
NOT
Mike would not have been sent to prison if he hadn’t stolen the money.

66
813. With more effort you could have won the match.
HARDER
If you had tried harder you could have won the match.

814. Rain or very cold weather are the only things that will stop us having a barbecue.
UNLESS
We’ll have a barbecue unless it rains or is very cold.

815. With fluent English you can apply for lots of jobs.
FLUENTLY
If you speak English fluently you can apply for lots of jobs.

816. The boiling point of water is 100° C.

IF
Water boils if you heat it to 100° C.

817. Winning the lottery would be an extraordinary experience.

IF
I don’t know what I would do if I won / if I were to win the lottery.

818. She was very rude to me so I decided not to lend her my car.
MIGHT
I might have lent her my car if she hadn’t been so rude to me.

819. I didn’t do my homework so it isn’t getting wet in the rain.

WOULD
My homework would have got wet in the rain if I had done it.
820. I wish I could windsurf.
LOVE
I would love to be able to windsurf.

821. It was a real mistake telling Nigel how I felt about him.
67
 ONLY
If only I had not told Nigel how I felt about him.

822. You children are supposed to be in bed by nine o’clock.

TIME
It’s time you children were in bed.

823. I wouldn’t like you to mention this to anyone else.

RATHER
I’d rather you didn’t mention this to anyone else.

824. I wish I had learnt a foreign language when I was younger.

REGRET
I regret not learning a foreign language when I was younger.

825. What would happen if someone had seen you with her?
SUPPOSE
Just suppose someone saw you with her.

826. It really annoys me the way you keep tapping your fingers on the desk.
WISH
I wish you wouldn’t tap your fingers on the desk like that.

827. My grandmother gets the hairdresser to wash her hair for her.
HAS
My grandmother has her hair washed by the hairdresser.

828. Someone stole their car while they were at the beach.
HAD
They had their car stolen while they were at the beach.

829. Our house needs painting.

68
 MUST
We must have/got our house painted.

830. I wasn’t allowed to stay out after midnight when I was younger.
LET
My parents would not let me stay out after midnight when I was younger.

831. It took her a long time to recover from her illness.

OVER
It took her a long time to get over her illness.

832. I regret saying that to him.

WISH
I wish I hadn’t said that to him.

833. I’m sure that wasn’t Tony we saw. He’s in London.

CAN’T
It can’t have been Tony we saw. He’s in London.

834. It is important that I post this letter tonight.

NEED
I need to post this letter tonight.

835. I’m sure the children have been doing something terrible while we’ve been out.
UP
I’m sure the children have been getting up to something terrible while we’ve been out.

836. The mechanic checked the tyres on my car.

HAD
I had the tyres checked on my car.

837. I think you should go to bed now.

69
 TIME
It’s time you went to bed.

838. It was difficult for me to read the number plate in the fog.
MAKE
I couldn’t make out the number plate in the fog.

839. Please don’t tell Andrew about our conversation.

RATHER
I’d rather you didn’t tell Andrew about our conversation.

840. Unless you start studying now, it’s possible that you will fall the exam.
COULD
You could fall the exam unless you start studying now.

841. I don’t know who the winner of the competition is.

HAS
I don’t know who who has won / who’s won the competition.

842. I’m afraid I’ve lost the tickets.

FIND
I’m afraid I can’t find / I’m unable to find the tickets.
843. She planted some flowers in the garden, but they are nearly all dead now.
HAVE
The flowers she planted in the garden have nearly all died now.

844. I was talking to her mother a moment ago.

BEEN
I have just been talking to her mother.

845. It’s been three years since I started to work here.

WORKING

70
 I have been working here for three years.

846. It is Miranda’s first visit to Scotland.

NEVER
Miranda has never been to Scotland before.

847. It’s over a year since I last saw him.

SEEN
I haven’t seen him for over a year.

848. They don’t know what the problem is.

FOUND
They haven’t found (out)what the problem is.

849. She hasn’t got any money left.

RUN
She has run out of money.

850. Sue has just had her first child.

BIRTH
Sue has just given birth to her first child.
851. I can’t remember the plot at all.
FORGOTTEN
I have forgotten what the plot is about.

852. Football is the most exciting sport to play.

AS
No other sport is as exciting to play as football.

853. I’ve never seen such an amazing show.

THE
This is the most amazing show that I’ve ever seen.

71
854. Sam isn’t nearly as brave as Chloe.
LOT
Chloe is a lot braver than Sam.

855. Last year the show wasn’t quite as expensive as this year.
BIT
Last year the show was a bit less expensive than this year.

856. I think playing tennis is a lot easier than golf.

FAR
I think it’s far easier playing/to play tennis than golf.

857. Not many other cities are as large as Tokyo.

THE
Tokyo is one of the largest cities in the world.

858. I prefer sightseeing to lying on the beach.

RATHER
I’d rather go sightseeing than lye on the beach.

859. The authorities are investigating the cause of the fire.

INTO
The authorities are looking into the cause of the fire.

860. I just can’t wait to go on holiday!

FORWARD
I’m really looking forward to going on holiday.

861. If you don’t know the word, check it in a dictionary.

LOOK
If you don’t know the word, look it up in a dictionary.

72
 862. He had a lot of respect for his grandfather.
TO
He really looked up to his grandfather.

863. You should keep your eyes open for Steve at the dance.
OUT
You should look out for Steve at the dance.

864. Keith thinks he is much better than everyone else.

DOWN
Keith looks down on everyone else.

865. I found an old photograph of my sister the other day.

ACROSS
The other day I came across an old photograph of my sister.

866. There’s no point in going to Pete’s house – he won’t be in.

WASTE
It’s a waste of time going to Pete’s house – he won’t be in.

867. I couldn’t see the car anywhere.

SIGN
There was no sign of the car.

868. It’s very noisy – what’s happening in here?

ON
It’s very noisy – what’s going on in here?

869. I never discovered who had written the book.

OUT

73
 I never found out who had written the book.

870. Mrs Stevens went up the path to the front door of the house.
MADE
Mrs Stevens under her way up the path to the front door of the house.

871. It was Susie’s first visit to London.

NEVER
Susie had never been/gone to London before.

872. Chloe spent her childhood in the country with her grandparents.
BROUGHT
Chloe was brought up by her grandparents in the country.

873. I’d like to go to India.

APPEALS
The idea of going to India appeals to me.
874. ‘Do you want to have a drink, Peter?’ asked Jane.
LIKE
Jane asked Peter if he would like to have a drink.

875. They said they had found the directions he gave very confusing.
BEEN
They said they had been very confused by his directions.

876. There were students from ten different countries in the class.
UP
The class was made up of students from ten different countries.

877. Melissa has not appeared on television much recently.

MADE
Melissa has not made many appearance on television recently.

74
878. You need both luck and talent to succeed.
WELL
Success depends on luck as well as talent.

879. ‘Who borrowed my book, Mary?’ asked Andrew.

HAD
Andrew asked Mary who had borrowed his book.

880. You must do exactly as I tell you.

CARRY
You must carry out my instructions exactly.

881. There are hardly any copies of the book left in the shop.
VERY
There are very few copies of the book left in the shop.
882. I only ate a little at lunch, so I’m hungry now.
TO
I didn’t have much to eat at lunch, so I’m hungry now.

883. Don swims better than Carlos.

WELL
Carlos doesn’t swim as well as Don.

884. They don’t know what caused the problem yet.

DISCOVERED
They haven’t discovered the cause of the problem yet.

885. He said that the accident was my fault.

BLAMED
He blamed me for (having caused)the accident.

886. It’s three years since we worked together.

75
 NOT
We haven’t worked together for three years.

887. ‘I’ll come with you tomorrow,’ said Jaime.

PROMISED
Jaime promised to come with me/us/them the next day.

888. I prefer watching football to playing it.

RATHER
I would rather watch football than play it.

889. I asked if I could talk to Sophie.

WORD
I asked if I could have a word with Sophie.

890. I’ve got to present the project to the Board of Directors tomorrow.
PRESENTATION
I’ve got to give a presentation about the project to the Board of Directors tomorrow.

891. We were able to find a solution to the problem that we could both accept.
COMPROMISE
We were able reach/come to/arrive at a compromise over the problem.

892. I wasn’t ready for the last because I hadn’t done enough work.
PREPARATION
I hadn’t done enough preparation for the test.

893. I really enjoy meeting friends and talking to them over coffee.
CHAT
I really enjoy meeting friends and having a chat with them over coffee.

894. I think we should talk about this with the boss.

76
 DISCUSSION
I think we should have a discussion about this with the boss.

895. They advertised the mobile phone so intensively that it was an immediate success.
WAS
Because it was so intensively advertised the mobile phone was an immediate success.

896. The technician solved the computer problem quickly.

DEALT
The computer problem was quickly dealt with by the technician.

897. Someone must have seen him there!

BEEN
He must have been seen there by someone!

898. Their normal business was continued after a short break.

ON
After a short break, they carried on with their normal business.

899. She may contact him by phone this afternoon.

THAT
It is possible that she will contact him by phone this afternoon.

900. There’s no chance that Peter was in the house at the time.
HAVE
Peter can’t have been in the house at the time.

901. You must remember your camera.

BRING
Don’t forget to bring your camera.

77
902. The officials allowed us to take photographs in the museum.
LET
The officials let us take photographs in the museum.

903. I’d like to buy a mountain bike.

INTERESTED
I’m interested in buying a mountain bike.

904. Susie and I are very good friends.

ON
Susie and I get on well with one another.
905. Jack feels bad about not writing to his friend either.
WISHES
Jack wishes he had written to his friend earlier.

906. I think you should go home now.

TIME
I think it’s time you went home.

907. I wish I could speak Spanish.

BEING
I regret not being able to speak Spanish.

908. I wish I was still in contact with my old school friends.

TOUCH
I wish I had kept in touch with my old school friends.

909. You ought to buy some new shoes.

HIGH
It is high time you bought some new shoes.

910. His last film, starring Julia Roberts, was his best.

78
 WHICH
His last film, which starred Julia Roberts, was his best.

911. When I was a child, I walked to school every day.

USED
When I was a child, I used to walk to school every day.

912. If John was coming, he’d be here by now.

LOOKS
If looks like / looks as though John isn’t coming.
913. It was a more difficult job than they had anticipated.
EASY
The job wasn’t as easy as they had anticipated.

914. ‘Don’t touch the wet paint Eddie,’ said Kate.

WARNED
Kate warned Eddie not to touch the wet paint.

915. The last time I went surfing was ten years ago.
FOR
I haven’t been surfing for ten years.

916. It was unfair that Eva was fired.

DESERVE
Eva didn’t deserve to be fired.

917. Which part of the book interested you most?

THE
Which was the most interesting part of the book?

918. He said he regretted writing to her.

ONLY

79
 He said: ‘if only I had not written to her!’

919. You can’t use a mobile phone in here.

ALLOWED
You aren’t allowed to use a mobile phone in here.

920. It wasn’t necessary for you to bring all those books.

NEED
You needn’t have brought all those books.

921. You should park on the other side of the road.

SUPPOSED
You aren’t supposed to park on this side of the road.

922. The library was built too far away from the town centre.
SHOULD
They should have built the library nearer the town centre.

923. These exercises should be continued for six weeks.

MUST
You must carry on doing these exercises for six weeks.

924. It was wrong of you to give him my address.

LET
You shouldn’t have let him know my address.

925. You must do exactly as I tell you.

CARRY
You must carry out my instructions exactly.

926. You should make an effort to stop smoking.

UP

80
 You should try to give up smoking.

927. Edward has the ability to succeed in his exams.

CAPABLE
Edward is capable of succeeding in his exams.

928. I would really like to be able to play the piano.

WISH
I (really) wish I could play the piano.

929. The number of people studying information technology has increased sharply.
RISE
There has been a rise in the number of people studying information technology.

930. You answered all the questions so I’m sure you passed the exam.
MUST
You answered all the questions so you must have passed the exam.

931. Writing a letter is not necessary in this case.

NEED
You don’t need to write a letter in this case.

932. I hated my new school at first, though now it’s not so bad.
GETTING
I hated my new school at first, though I am getting used to it / am getting to like it now.

933. It was Julia who wore that dress.

BY
That dress was worn by Julia.

934. At school, Jane was the best swimmer in her class.

SWIM

81
 At school, Jane could swim better than anyone else in her class.

935. Do you think you will manage to find the way?

ABLE
Do you think you will be able to find the way?
936. You didn’t help me, even though you had the chance.
HAVE
You could have helped me but you didn’t.

937. I wish my spoken English was better.

SPEAK
I wish I could speak English better.

938. I thought I would get the job, but someone else got it instead.
SUCCEED
I didn’t succeed in getting the job.

939. Peter was often quite unpredictable.

BE
Peter could be quite unpredictable.

940. I knew how to drive by the time I was 17.

TO
I was able to drive by the time I was 17.

941. Unfortunately, I missed the train.

MANAGE
Unfortunately, I did not manage to catch the train.

942. They made me feel really welcome.

WAS
I was made to feel really welcome.

82
943. There is a rumour that he committed the crime.
HAVE
He is said to have committed the crime.
944. I need to ask the dentist to take this tooth out.
HAVE
I need to have this tooth taken out.

945. People say that the police will arrest the thief soon.
EXPECTED
It is expected that the police will arrest the thief soon.

946. When I was a child, I didn’t like it when anyone cut my hair.
HAVING
I didn’t like having my hair cut when I was a child.

947. They didn’t let journalists interview the suspect.

ALLOWED
Journalists weren’t allowed to interview the suspect.

948. You’ll need to take this suit to the cleaners soon.

GET
You’ll have to get this suit cleaned soon.

949. After searching for years, they discovered the city.

OCCURRED
The discovery occurred after years of searching.

950. Trade was the basis of the city’s civilisation.

BUILT
The city’s civilisation was built on trade.

951. The artist was able to sell his carvings for a lot of money.
83
 SUMS
The artist was able to charge large/huge sums for his carvings.

952. Paul was too frightened to move.

THAT
Paul was so frightened that he could not move.

953. The wind was so strong that we could not go outside.

SUCH
There was such a strong wind that we could not go outside.

954. I couldn’t follow the instructions as they were very complicated.

FOR
The instructions were too complicated for me to follow.

955. It was the most interesting programme I have ever seen.

SUCH
I have never seen such an interesting programme.

956. Sarah was too ill to finish the course.

WELL
Sarah was not well enough to finish the course.

957. The tickets cost so much money that we couldn’t afford them.
LOT
The tickets cost such a lot of money that we couldn’t afford them.

958. They advised me to have a course of injections.

ADVISABLE
They told me it was advisable to have a course of injections.

959. Drinking unboiled water is not advised when travelling off the beaten track.
WISE
84
 It is unwise/not wise to drink unboiled water travelling off the beaten track.

960. Trying to climb the mountain on your own is not recommended.

ATTEMPT
You should not attempt to climb the mountain on your own.

961. ‘I wouldn’t stay out in the sun too long, if I were you,’ he said.
ADVISED
She was advised not to stay out in the sun too long.

962. Visitors should remember to bring warm clothes.

REMINDED
Visitors are reminded (that) they will need warm clothes.

963. ‘You must see the traditional dancers – they’re excellent,’ he said.
MISS
He told me I should not miss seeing the excellent traditional dancers.

964. You shouldn’t have leave without visiting the cathedral.

OUGHT
You ought to visit the cathedral before you leave.

965. It is a good idea for guests to keep their passports in the hotel safe.
RECOMMENDED
Guests are recommended to leave their passports in the hotel safe.

966. Someone should have told her that the coffee was hot.
WARNED
She should have been warned about the hot coffee.
967. My hair is getting too long – it needs cutting soon!
GET
I will have to get my hair cut soon.

85
968. She didn’t want to pay for the drinks she’d had.
AVOID
She tried to avoid paying for the drinks she’d had.

969. Gunilla had to take Mrs Carling’s children to school.

RESPONSIBLE
Gunilla was responsible for taking Mrs Carling’s children to school.

970. The company has invented a useful piece of wquipment.

COME
The company has come up with a useful piece of equipment.

971. I think it would be a good idea for you to take the job.
WERE
If I were you I would take the job.

972. I could only just see him in the dim light.

OUT
I could barely make him out in the dim light.

973. Because of the snow I couldn’t arrive any earlier.

SNOWING
If it had not been snowing, I would have arrived earlier.

974. Because of the fog at the airport, we took off three hours late.
DELAYED
Fog at the airport meant that our take-off was delayed by three hours.
975. Some older people are finding it difficult to adjust to digital technology.
USED
Some older people can’t get used to digital technology.

976. Someone has just told me that you’re looking for a new job.
86
 INFORMED
I have just been informed that you’re looking for a new job.

977. The last time I saw my sister was three years ago.
SINCE
It’s three years since I saw my sister.

978. In some jobs, men are paid more than women for the same work.
AS
In some jobs women are not paid as much as men for the same work.

979. My brother looks much fitter. I think he’s stopped smoking.

GIVEN
My brother must have given up smoking. He looks much fitter.

980. It has been reported that there are serious floods in the south west of the country.
FLOODING
There have been reports of serious flooding in the south west of the country.

981. One of my managers suggested I went on a training course.

ADVISED
I was advised to go on a training course by one of my managers.

982. The book was so interesting that I couldn’t put it down.

SUCH
It was such an interesting book that I couldn’t put it down.

983. He started work as a travelling salesman with the shoe company.

GAVE
The shoe company gave him a job a travelling salesman.

984. Nike bought the Converse company in 2003.

87
 TAKEN
In 2003, the converse company was taken over by Nike.

985. It is the responsibility of each head teacher to decide what the school uniform
should be.
RESPONSIBLE
Each head teacher is responsible for deciding what the school uniform should be.

986. I am similar in appearance to my older brother.

LIKE
I look like my older brother.

987. Everything went very well, so you were working unnecessarily.

HAVE
You needn’t have worried. Everything went very well.

988. Uniforms were introduced by some schools in the USA in the 1980s.
BROUGHT
Some schools in the USA brought in school uniforms in the 1980s.

989. As soon as his plane landed Derek Bond was arrested and thrown into prison.
THAN
No sooner had his plane landed than Derek Bond was arrested and thrown into prison.
990. In many countries, the school-leaving age is sixteen.
ALLOWED
In many countries, you are allowed to leave school when you’re sixteen.

991. My cousin lost his job two years ago.

UNEMPLOYED
My cousin has been unemployed for two years.

992. Having peeled the onions, he added them to the soup.

88
 WHEN
He added the onions to the soup when he had peeled/finished peeling them.

993. I last saw Sandra a week ago.

SINCE
I have not seen Sandra since last week.

994. After locking the door of the shop, she left.

UNTIL
She didn’t leave until she had locked the door of the shop.

995. I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for a long time.

AGES
It is/has been ages since I enjoyed enjoyed myself so much.

996. She felt excited and nervous when she arrived at the airport.
ARRIVAL
Apart from feeling excited on arrival at the airport, she also felt nervous.

997. It wasn’t difficult to book online, which surprised me.

SURPRISINGLY
It was surprisingly easy to book online.
998. I was really looking forward to getting home.
WAIT
I couldn’t wait to get home.

999. Georgina recovered from the shock eventually.

TOOK
It took Georgina a long time to recover from the shock.

1000. I was tired but otherwise none the worse for the experience.
FEELING

89
Apart from feeling tired I was none the worse for the experience.

1001. I hate it when people interrupt me when I’m talking.

STAND
I can’t stand people interrupting me when I’m talking.

1002. It worries me that I’ll arrive late for the interview.

TIME
I am worried about not arriving in time for the interview.

1003. At school I found it impossible to remember historical dates.

GOOD
At school I was no good at remembering / not (very) good at remembering
historical dates.

1004. I’ve told John I’ll meet him inside the restaurant.
ARRANGED
I have arranged to meet John inside the restaurant.

1005. They didn’t have enough money to go abroad on holiday last year.
AFFORD
They couldn’t afford to go abroad on holiday last year.

1006. If I’m not doing something creative, I feel, I’m wasting my time.
UNLESS
I feel I’m wasting my time unless I am doing something creative.

1007. You will be instructed on how to produce fresh cheese.

GIVEN
You will be given instructions on how to produce fresh cheese.

1008. We’ve arranged for our car to be serviced next week.

HAVING
90
We are having our car serviced next week.

1009. Backpackers in Australia come from many different countries.

OVER
Backpackers in Australia come from all over the world.

1010. There’s no point worrying about jet lag.

WORTH
Jet lag is not worth worrying about.

1011. Most of the machines at my local gym were not working.

ORDER
Most of the machines at my local gym were out of order.

1012. It was five minutes before I found someone who could help.
TOOK
It took five minutes to find someone who could help.

1013. While he was clearing, out the car, my father found my camera.
CAME
My father came across my camera while he was clearing out the car.

1014. ‘You’d better not swim there. It’s dangerous!’ the man told us.
WARNED
The man warned us not to swim there because it was dangerous.

1015. ‘I wouldn’t buy Dave a book if I were you,Pete,’ said Laura.

ADVISED
Laura advised Pete against buying / advised Pete not to buy Dave a book.

1016. ‘Take that chewing gum out, Claire!’ the teacher said.
TOLD

91
The teacher told Claire to take the chewing gum out of her mouth.

1017. ‘Can you speak Spanish, John?’ asked Marie.

ASKED
Marie asked John if/whether he could speak Spanish.

1018. ‘I’ll pick you up from work if you like, Tracy,’ said Jason.
OFFERED
Jason offered to pick Tracy up from work.

1019. ‘See you after class, Angie!’ said Mike.

SAID
Mike said he would see Angie after class.

1020. Cars are banned from the city centre.

BAN
There is a ban on cars in the city centre.
1021. Everyone contributes to global warming.
CONTRIBUTION
Everyone makes a contribution towards global warming.

1022. I have no sympathy for people who complain about rising fuel prices.
SYMPATHISE
I don’t sympathise with people who complain about rising fuel prices.

1023. We should invest in renewable energy sources like solar energy.

MAKE
We ought to make an investment in renewable energy sources like solar energy.

1024. Some people don’t seem able to change their bad habits.
INCAPABLE
Some people seem to be incapable of changing their bad habits.

92
1025. Switching off your television at night can save you 40 per cent on your energy bill.
RESULT
Switching off your television at night can result in a saving of 40 per cent on your
energy bill.

1026. The environment can be negatively affected by modern farming methods.

EFFECT
Modern farming methods can have a negative effect on the environment.

1027. People are angry about plans to build a third runway at the airport.
ANGER
There is anger at plans to build a third runway at the airport.

1028. Swimming in that river is dangerous.

SAFE
It is not safe to swim in that river.

1029. The police searched for clues.

SEARCH
A search for clues was done by the police.

1030. Although he’s ninety, he still drives.

DESPITE
He still drives despite being ninety.

1031. I can’t understand why he is fascinated by snakes.

FASCINATION
I can’t understand his fascination with snakes.

1032. They have spent a lot of time and money on the project.
DEAL
A great deal of time and money has been spent on the project.
93
1033. Unfortunately, I haven’t got enough money to go on holiday this year.
AFFORD
I wish could afford to go on holiday this year.

1034. You never clean the bath when you’ve finished!

WISH
I wish you would clean the bath when you’ve finished!

1035. Pete regrets forgetting to send Sally a Valentine card.

REMEMBERED
Pete wishes he had remembered to send Sally a Valentine card.

1036. ‘It wasn’t a good idea to go to bed so late,’ said Justin, yawning.
EARLIER
‘I wish I had gone to bed earlier,’ said Justin, yawning.

1037. ‘I’d love to be the same height as my sister,’ said Jodie enviously.
TALL
Jodie wishes she was/were as tall as her sister.

1038. I regret telling John.

ONLY
If only I had not told John.

1039. I didn’t answer the phone because I didn’t know it was you.
HAD
If I had known it was you, I would have answered the phone.

1040. I didn’t know you were back from your holiday, so I didn’t phone you.
IF
I would have phoned you if I had known you were back from your holiday.

94
1041. If she’d had my address with her, she’d have sent me a postcard.
BECAUSE
She didn’t send me a postcard because she did not have my address with her.

1042. He forgot to put his watch on – that’s why he was late.

BEEN
He wouldn’t have been late if he hadn’t forgotten to put his watch on.

1043. I’d have bought you a present, but I forgot when your birthday was.
IF
I’d have bought you a present if I had not forgotten when your birthday was.
1044. We got in from work really late – that’s why we didn’t come to your party.
WOULD
If we hadn’t got in from work so late, we would have come to your party.

1045. They arrested Simpson because he had vandalised property.

VANDALISING
Simpson was arrested for vandalising property.

1046. Terry Ray said he was successful because of his teachers.

OWED
Terry Ray said he owed his success to his teachers.

1047. Ray wouldn’t allow his mother to hit him any more.
LET
Ray refused to let his mother hit him any more.

1048. The judge wanted to help kids.

INTERESTED
The judge was interested in helping kids.

95
1049. I’m almost positive Susan heared what I said.
HAVE
Susan must have heard what I said.

1050. Maybe John didn’t want to come.

NOT
John might not have wanted to come.

1051. Elderly people need to keep active.

THE
It’s important that the elderly keep / for the elderly to keep active.

1052. The concert was very popular so they’re going to put on a repeat performance.
SUCH
It was such a successful concert that they’re going to put on a repeat performance.

1053. When I was a teenager, I often spent whole days playing computer games.
WOULD
As a teenager, I would often spend whole days playing computer games.

1054. It isn’t that easy to stop smoking.

GIVING
Giving up smoking isn’t that easy.

1055. Nobody I know works harder than Joe does. He’s a workaholic.
HARDEST
Joe is the hardest worker know. He’s a workaholic.

1056. She keeps complaining about the noise from next door.
ALWAYS
She is always complaining about the noise from next door.

96
1057. Sally will probably phone us this evening.
LIKELY
We are likely to get a phone call from Sally this evening.

1058. They asked us to wait in the corridor until they called us.
WE
we were asked to wait in the corridor until they called us.

1059. I’m really against paying such high mobile phone charges.
OBJECT
I really object to paying such high mobile phone charges.

1060. I think too much money is spent on holidays.

LESS
I think people should spend less (money)on holidays.

1061. I couldn’t hear what he said because of the noise.

PREVENTED
The noise prevented me (from) hearing what he said.

1062. Jane continued to work for the firm after the baby was born.
WENT
Jane went on working for the firm after the baby was born.

1063. She had no intention of insulting you.

MEAN
She did not mean to insult you.

1064. I have no objection to Paul coming as well.

MIND
I do not mind if Paul comes as well.

97
1065. Predicting the weather is sometimes difficult.
HARD
It can be hard to predict the weather.

1066. I haven’t got enough money to buy a new car.

AFFORD
I cannot/can’t afford to buy a new car.

1067. Emma is excited about going to Greece on holiday.

FORWARD
Emma is looking forward to going to Greece on holiday.

1068. It’s getting easier for me to get up early.

USED
I am getting used to getting up early.

1069. Jason adds up figures well for someone his age.

GOOD
Jason is good at adding up figures for someone his age.

1070. It’s a pity you didn’t tell me earlier.

WISH
I wish you had told me earlier.

1071. I would prefer you not to smoke, if you don’t mind.

RATHER
I would rather you didn’t smoke, if you don’t mind.

1072. Mandy’s boss won’t let her leave work early.

ALLOWED
Mandy is not allowed to leave work early.

98
1073. I’m not sorry I chose nursing as a career.
REGRET
I don’t regret choosing nursing as a career.

1074. Some people have complained about the noise.

SEVERAL
There have been several complaints about the noise.
1075. My house is being painted at the moment.
HAVING
I am having my house painted at the moment.

1076. Have you decided what you would like for dinner?
MIND
Have you made up your mind what you would like for dinner?

1077. The plane left on time although the weather was bad.
TOOK
The plane took off on time despite the bad weather.

1078. It is impossible to sit on the grass because it is too wet.

DRY
The grass is not dry enough to sit on.

1079. Two detectives questioned the suspects.

INTERVIEWED
The suspects were interviewed by two detectives.

1080. We haven’t been to this part of the country before.

TIME
This is the first time (that) we have been to this part of the country.

1081. ‘Where did you buy your coat?’, my friend asked me.

99
WHERE
My friend asked me where I had bought my coat.

1082. Although the traffic was heavy, we arrived on time.

SPITE
We arrived on time, in spite of the heavy traffic.
1083. They’re going to mend my computer at the shop.
REPAIRED
I’m going to have/get my computer repaired at the shop.

1084. You were supposed to be here half an hour ago!

OUGHT
You ought to have been here half an hour ago!

1085. I suggest thinking very carefully before you decide.

HAD
You had better think very carefully before you decide.

1086. I hadn’t walked that far before, so I was very tired.

USED
I was very tired because I was not used to walking that far.

1087. They shouldn’t have closed the café so early.

NEED
There was no need for them to close the café so early.

1088. Some people take no notice of warning signs.

ATTENTION
Some people don’t pay (any) attention to warning signs.

1089. I’m sure he saw me because I walked right past him.

MUST

100
He must have seen me because I walked right past him.

1090. The only reason I heared about the party was that Sonia told me.
KNOWN
If Sonia hadn’t told me, I wouldn’t have known about the party.

1091. ‘Do you think we’ll win?’ Jack asked me.

IF
Jack asked me if/whether I thought we would win.

1092. Paul has never run as fast as this before.

EVER
This is the the fastest (that) Paula has ever run.

1093. The boss has a lot of experience of making hard decisions.

USED
The boss is used to making hard decisions.

1094. I’m afraid we don’t have any time left.

RUN
I’m afraid we have run out of time.

1095. My parents never took me anywhere when I was a child.

USED
My parents never used to take me anywhere when I was a child.

1096. She asks boring questions all the time.

KEEPS
She keeps (on) asking boring questions.

1097. If you can’t do it yourself, ask Helen for help.

GET

101
If you can’t do it yourself, get Helen to help you.

1098. How much will she earn in her new job?

GET
How much will she get paid in her new job?

1099. Could you tell me your date of birth, please?

WHEN
Would you mind telling me when you were born, please?

1100. I can’t wait to finish these exams.

FORWARD
I’m (really) looking forward to finishing these exams.

1101. I haven’t got enough money for a car.

AFFORD
I can’t afford to buy a car.

1102. Steven is friendlier than David.

AS
David is not as/so friendly as Stteven.

1103. I don’t usually see him at the weekend.

RARE
It is rare for me to see him at the weekend.

1104. Shall I look after your cats while you’re away on holiday?
CARE
Would you like me to take care of your cats while you’re away on holiday?

1105. You didn’t have to come on this trip.

MADE

102
Nobody made you come on this trip.

1106. You shouldn’t go to bed late tonight – tomorrow’s going to be a busy day.
BETTER
You had better go to bed early tonight – tomorrow’s going to be a busy day.

1107. I can’t work because there’s too much noise.

ME
It’s too noisy for me to work.

1108. They are installing central heating in our flat next week.
INSTALLED
We are having central heating installed in our flat next week.

1109. You can’t see that film because you’re still too young.
ENOUGH
You’re not old enough to see that film yet.

1110. I was so frightened by the film, I had to cover my eyes and ears!
SUCH
It was/is such a frightening film that I had to cover my eyes and ears!

1111. I wasn’t very interested in what he was doing.

TAKE
I didn’t take much interest in what he was doing.

1112. It was such a good book, I couldn’t put it down.

SO
The book was so good (that) I couldn’t put it down.

1113. I started living here I got married.

SINCE

103
I have lived/have been living here since I got married.

1114. I haven’t been to the beach for nine months.

LAST
It’s nine months since I last went to the beach.

1115. I don’t mind cooking food but eating it is better.

PREFER
I prefer eating food to cooking it.

1116. We’d prefer to go to the cinema rather than the theatre.

RATHER
We would rather go to the cinema than the theatre.

1117. Despite our late arrival we managed to catch the plane.

WE
Although we arrived late, we managed to catch the plane.

1118. She told him the truth, although I had told her not to.
DESPITE
She told him the truth despite me/my telling her not to.

1119. I think she’s about to end our relationship.

POINT
I think she’s on the point of spliting/breaking up with me.

1120. I’m certain he didn’t use the car because his sister had the keys.
USED
He couldn’t/can’t/won’t have used the car because his sister had the keys.

1121. I’ve never seen her before today.

TIME
This is the first time I have seen her.
104
1122. Someone has vandalized all the phone boxes in our street.
VANDALIZED
All the phone boxes have been vandalized in our street.

1123. My grandfather gave me this watch.

BY
I was given this watch by my grandfather.

1124. They do not think his condition is serious.

THOUGHT
His condition is not thought to be serious.

1125. We can only go if you give us a lift.

UNLESS
We can’t/cannot go unless you give us a lift.

1126. It’s a good thing you reminded me about the programme or I would have missed it.
IF
I would have missed the programme if you hadn’t reminded me about it.

1127. ‘I’m going away next weekend,’ she said.

FOLLOWING
She said she was going away the following weekend.

1128. ‘Have you been smoking again?’ he asked his daughter.

HAD
He asked his daughter if/whether she had been smoking again.

1129. He has made very little progress this year.

105
 NOT
He has not made (very) much progress this year.

1130. Someone is meeting her at the airport.

IS
She is being met at the airport.

1131. Kate, please could you tell me how much your new dress cost?
MIND
Kate, would you mind telling me how much your new dress cost?

1132. I have been driving for much longer than Simon.

NEARLY
Simon hasn’t been driving for nearly as long as I have.

1133. Will you look after the dog while we’re away on holiday?
TAKE
Will you take care of the dog while we’re away on holiday?

1134. I really don’t think you should climb on that wall

OUGHT
I really think you ought not to climb on that wall.

1135. We haven’t been abroad for a holiday since we bought the caravan.
TIME
The last time we went abroad for a holiday was before we bought the caravan.

1136. What are you going to do when you finish university?

ON
What are you planning on doing when you finish university?
1137. We didn’t go to the beach because it was raining.
HAVE

106
If it hadn’t been raining we would have gone to the beach.

1138. ‘Don’t put your feet up on the chair, please, Jack.’

TOLD
His father told Jack not to put his feet up on the chair.

1139. The climber was too weak to carry on to the top of the mountain.
STRONG
The climber wasn’t strong enough to carry on to the top of the mountain.

1140. Rick is making a slow recovery from his illness.

GETTING
Rick is slowly getting over his illness.

1141. Why don’t you throw away that old blouse?

RID
How about getting rid of that old blouse?

1142. We usually buy our food from the local market.

TEND
We tend to buy our food from the local market.

1143. He never asks when he borrows my things!

ALWAYS
He is always borrowing my things without asking!

1144. When I was younger we often used to go on holiday abroad.

WOULD
When I was younger we would often go on holiday abroad.
1145. I’m sure I won’t have any problems sharing a flat after a couple of weeks.
GET
I’m sure I’ll get used to sharing a flat after a couple of weeks.

107
1146. I still find it difficult to work with a computer.
USED
I still haven’t got used to working with a computer.

1147. I can’t wait to see you again.

FORWARD
I’m really looking forward to seeing you again.

1148. I ought to phone my dad to tell him I’ve arrived safely.

BETTER
I ‘d/had better phone my dad to tell him I’ve arrived safely.

1149. How long was your journey from London to Manchester?

TAKE
How long did it take you to get from London to Manchester?

1150. The film wasn’t nearby as good as I thought it would be.

FAR
The film was far worse than I thought it would be.

1151. She’s happier than she used to be.

SAD
She isn’t as sad as she was before.

1152. I’ve never had such a boring time on holiday!

ENJOYABLE
This is the last enjoyable holiday I’ve ever had!

1153. If you work harder, you won’t have to do so much later.

THE
The harder you work now, the less you’ll have to do later.

108
1154. Kate has slightly more experience than the others.
QUITE
The others don’t have quite as much experience as Kate.

1155. We decided to see the film because it got such good reviews.
THAT
The reviews for the film were so good (that)we decided to see it.

1156. The weather was so bad that we decided to come home.

SUCH
It was such bad weather that we decided to come home.

1157. I got so bored during the film I fell asleep.

SUCH
It was such a boring film I fell asleep.

1158. The party was so crowded we could hardly move.

SO
There were so many people at the party we could hardly move.

1159. When the meeting was over, they went out for a drink.
HAD
As soon as the meeting had finished, they went out for a drink.

1160. When we eventually arrived at the party, all the food had been eaten.
GOT
By the time we got to the party, all the food had been eaten.

1161. Immediately after he went, we started to relax .

ONCE
We started to relax once he had/was gone.

109
1162. He put everything back in its place before he left.
UNTIL
He didn’t leave until he (had) put everything back in its place.

1163. I liked him the first time I met him.

TOOK
I took to him the first time I saw him.

1164. They decided against employing him because of his age.

TAKE
They decided not to take him on because of his age.

1165. She is proud of her achievements.

PRIDE
She takes pride in her achievements.

1166. She isn’t very interested in my work.

IN
She doesn’t take much interest in my work.

1167. His exam mark was such a disappointment.

SO
He was so disappointed with his exam mark.
1168. I was so tired after that walk.
SUCH
It was such a tiring walk.

1169. When I was young I wasn’t allowed to watch much TV.

LET
When I was young my parents wouldn’t/didn’t let me watch much TV.

1170. She had to wash up before she could go out.

110
MADE
She was made to wash up before she could go out.

1171. I’m never allowed to do what I want.

CAN
I can never do what I want.

1172. Why can’t we go to the party?

ALLOWED
Why aren’t we allowed to go to the party?

1173. In my opinion parents ought not to smack their children.

SHOULD
I don’t think parents should smack their children.

1174. There’s no need for you to hand the report in until next week.
NEED
You don’t need to hand in the report until next week.

1175. I think you should tell your parents exactly what happened.
BETTER
I think you had better tell your parents exactly what happened.
1176. Do you know what the homework is?
SUPPOSED
Do you know what we are supposed to do for homework?

1177. I couldn’t hear what they were saying because they were speaking so quietly.
TOO
They were speaking too quietly for me hear what they were saying.

1178. He couldn’t see over the wall because he was so small.

ENOUGH

111
He was not tall enough to see over the wall.

1179. We’ll need more eggs if we want to make an omelette.

ENOUGH
There are not enough eggs to make an omelette.

1180. I can’t drink this tea because it’s too sweet.

SUGAR
There is too much sugar in this tea for me to drink it.

1181. I didn’t go into the bar because it was too crowded.

TOO
I didn’t go into the bar because there were too many people.

1182. He doesn’t find it hard to make new friends.

DIFFICULTY
He has no difficulty (in) making new friends.

1183. My relationship with Jerry is none of your business.

NOTHING
My relationship with Jerry has nothing to do with you.

1184. His guitar playing style was strongly influenced by Eric Clapton.
A
Eric Clapton had a strong influence on his guitar playing style.

1185. I don’t think I’m strong enough to lift it.

THE
I don’t think I have (got) the strength to lift it.

1186. We’re getting a friend to repair the roof.

HAVING

112
We are having the roof repaired by a friend.

1187. They took his tonsils out when he was 11.

TAKEN
He had his tonsils taken out when he was 11.

1188. We don’t want a complete stranger to do it.

HAVE
We don’t want to have it done by a complete stranger.

1189. I think we’d prefer to watch rather than take part.

RATHER
I think we’d rather watch than take part.

1190. My sister thinks it’s better to buy books than borrow them.
TO
My sister prefer buying books to borrowing them.

1191. I’d rather phone him than send an e-mail.

RATHER
I’d prefer to phone him rather than send an e-mail.

1192. I’d prefer to stay in tonight.

NOT
I’d rather not go out tonight.

1193. I haven’t spoken to her since she had her baby.

LAST
The last time I spoke to her was before she had her baby.

1194. I haven’t eaten Greek food before.

113
TIME
This is the first time I have eaten Greek food.

1195. My nephew began to play tennis in 1999.

SINCE
My nephew has been playing tennis since 1999.

1196. He hasn’t seen his sister for many years.

AGES
It’s ages since he (last) saw/has seen his sister.

1197. The last time I went swimming was three months ago.
FOR
I haven’t been swimming for three months.

1198. I’ve never seen a supermarket as big as this before.

SUPERMARKET
This is the biggest supermarket I have (ever)seen.
1199. Although he can speak Russian fluently, he still has problems with listening.
ABLE
Despite being able to speak fluent Russian, he still has problems with listening.

1200. Although there has been an imrovement in his behaviour, his teacher
is still concerned.
THE
Despite the fact (that) his behaviour has improved, his teacher is still concerned.

1201. In spite of a good performance, she didn’t win the match.

LOST
Although she performed well, she lost the match.

1202. Although the price of the car had increased, we decided to buy it.

114
INCREASE
We decided to buy the car, in spite of/despite the/an increase in the cost.

1203. Where are you going to spend your holidays this year?
PLANNING
Where are you planning to spend/planning on spending your holidays this year?

1204. He was about to say something when the phone rang.

POINT
He was on the point of saying something when the phone rang.

1205. Unemployment will probably rise in the next few months.

LIKELY
Unemployment is likely to rise in the next few months.

1206. She’s unlikely to change her mind about the job.

PROBABLY
She probably won’t/will not change her mind about the job.

1207. The plants will probably all be dead by the time we get home.
HAVE
The plants will probably (all) have died/may well (all) have died by the time we get home.

1208. The goalkeeper was injured, so maybe he isn’t playing today.

MIGHT
The goalkeeper was injured, so he might not be playing today.

1209. I expect you were pleased to get home after such a terrible holiday.
MUST
You must have been pleased to get home after such a terrible holiday.

1210. I’m sure he didn’t phone, because I was at home all day.

115
HAVE
He can’t/couldn’t have stolen your purse, because I was at home all day.

1211. It’s possible that someone stole your purse when we were in the restaurant.
MIGHT
Someone might have stolen your purse when we were in the restaurant.

1212. Tim hasn’t had a single cigarette today so perhaps he has stopped
smoking completely.
MAY
Tim hasn’t had a single cigarette today so he may have given up
smoking completely.

1213. You can keep a secret, can’t you?

GIVE
You wouldn’t give away a secret, would / give a secret away, would you?
1214. If you don’t let me have your essay tomorrow, there’ll be trouble!
BETTER
You had better give/had in your essay tomorrow or there’ll be trouble!

1215. When she spoke to him, he laughed nervously.

A
He gave a nervous laugh when she spoke to him.

1216. It is forbidden to take cameras into the courtroom.

MUST
Cameras must not be taken into the courtroom.

1217. It is known that Smith broke into several houses.

KNOWN
Smith is known to have broken into several houses.

116
1218. They do not think he is dangerous.
BE
He is not thought to be dangerous.

1219.They’ll make you pay a fine if they catch you smoking.

MADE
You will be made to pay a fine if they catch you smoking.

1220. I told nobody about our conversation so I’m sure someone tapped my phone.
MUST
I told nobody about our conversation so my phone must have been tapped by someone.

1221. The lawyer is still waiting for his client to contact him.
CONTACTED
The lawyer has not been contacted by his client yet.

1222. It’s too wet to play tennis today.

IF
We could play tennis if it wasn’t/weren’t so/too wet today.

1223. It’s a good thing I spoke to you or I would have forgotten her birthday.
IF
I would have forgotten her birthday if I hadn’t spoken to you.

1224. I only wrote the letter because my mother made me do it.

NOT
If my mother hadn’t made me do it, I would not have written the letter.

1225. I will help you only if you tidy your room.

NOT
I will not help you unless you tidy your room.

117
1226. I got soaking wet because I forgot to take my umbrella with me.
REMEMBERED
If I had remembered to take my umbrella with me, I wouldn’t have got soaking wet.

1227. Some people say that giving up smoking causes your weight to increase.
YOU
Some people say that if you give up smoking you put on weight.

1228. I’ve had enough of the neighbours’ noise.

PUT
I refuse to put up with the neighbours’ noise any more.

1229. The factory fumes are endangering the health of local residents.
PUT
The health of local residents is being put at risk by the factory fumes.

1230. I eat meat, but it has to be well cooked.

PROVIDED
I eat meat provided it is well cooked.

1231. You can borrow it, but you must give it back next week.
LONG
You can borrow it as long as you give it back next week.

1232. ‘Did you buy a bandage, Ray?’ asked Graham.

HE
Graham asked ray if he had bought a bandage.

1233. His condition improved so rapidly he went home four days after the operation.
SUCH
There was such a rapid improvement in his condition he went home four days after the operation.

118
1234. ‘I wouldn’t go to that restaurant if I were you, Matt,’ I said.
ADVISED
I advised Mett not to go to that restaurant.

1235. I’m amazed by how much English he knows.

OF
His knowledge of English amazes me.

1236. ‘Cany you swim, Sarah?’ asked her teacher.

HER
Sarah’s teacher asked her if she was able to swim.
1237. ‘I’ll drive you to the station, Dawn,’ he said.
OFFERED
He offered to give Dawn a lift to the station.

1238. ‘There’ll be very few people at the party,’ she told Roger.
NOT
She told Roger there would not be (very) many people at the party.

1239. ‘Let’s eat out tomorrow,’ said Chris.

SUGGESTED
Chris suggested eating out the next/following day.

1240. Mr Yates said it was Helen who had started the flight.
BLAMED
Mr Yates blamed Helen for starting/having started the flight.

1241. ‘I’m sorry I’m late,’ said Adrian.

APOLOGIZED
Adrian apologized for being late.

1242. She warned us not to go out alone after dark.

119
WARNED
She warned us against/about going out alone after dark.

1243. The imigration officials did not let him come into the country.
PREVENTED
The imigration officials prevented him (from) coming into the country.

1244. We demanded to see the manager.

SEEING
We insisted on seeing the manager.
1245. The rescue team was unable to find the missing climbers.
SUCCEED
The rescue team didn’t succeed in finding the missing climbers.

1246. We got to the theatre after the play started.

MANAGE
We didn’t manage to get to the theatre before the play started.

1247. You really ought to complain to the manager about the service.
MAKE
You really should make a complaint to the manager about the service.

1248. It’s a pity I don’t live nearer the school.

WISH
I wish I lived nearer the school.

1249. I regret telling her about my new boyfriend.

WISH
I wish I hadn’t told her about my new boyfriend.

1250. I’d prefer you not to wear those jeans to the wedding.
RATHER

120
I’d rather you didn’t wear those jeans to the wedding.

1251. We really ought to go home now.

WENT
It’s time we went home.

1252. I’d really like to go with them, but there’s no room in their car.
WISH
I wish I could go with them, but there’s no room in their car.

1253. You should have brought your umbrella!

BROUGHT
If only you had brought your umbrella!

1254. I don’t like you speaking to me like that!

WISH
I wish you wouldn’t speak to me like that!

1255. It would be nice to know what my dog was thinking.

WISH
I wish I knew/could know what my dog was thinking.

1256. You should put an extra jumper on so that you don’t get cold.
ORDER
You should put an extra jumper on in order not to get cold.

1257. He left early because he didn’t want to miss the last bus.
AS
He left early so as not to miss the last bus.

1258. I’ve kept the receipt for the shirt because it may not fit you.
IN

121
I’ve kept the receipt for the shirt in case it doesn’t fit you.

1259. She took something to read to avoid getting bored.

WOULD
She took something to read so that she would not get bored.

1260. The workers were offered a three per cent pay increase but they didn’t accept it.
TURNED
The workers turned down an/the offer of a three per cent pay increase.

1261. What time did Mike eventually get to the party?

TURN
What time did Mike (eventually) turn up at the party?

1262. When Leyla left, I started washing the dishes.

UNTIL
I waited until Leyla left before I started washing the dishes.

1263. Carlos is very intelligent. He is also successful.

BOTH
Carlos is both intelligent and successful.

1264. Emre is very experienced despite being young.

ALTHOUGH
Emre is very experienced although he is very young.

1265. Beside being lazy, she is also very talkative.

ADDITION
She is lazy in addition to being very talkative.

1266. The match was cancelled due to the bad weather.

BECAUSE

122
The match was cancelled because of bad weather bad weather.

1267. Aylin had already left the library when I got there.
BY
Aylin had already left the library by the time I got there.
1268. I enjoyed the book even though it was too long.
DESPITE
I enjoyed the book despite the fact that it was too long.

1269. Alex de Souza is interested in computer games. Roberto Carlos enjoys dancing.
WHEREAS
Alex de Souza is interested in computer games whereas Carlos enjoys dancing.

1270. I can’t move until I’ve solved my house.

UNABLE
Until I’ve solved my house I am unable to / I’ll be unable to / I shall be unable move.

1271. After this I won’t give you any more warnings.

LAST
This is the last warning I give you.

1272. The dry weather is killing all the plants in my garden.

DYING
All the plants in my garden are dying because of/due to the dry weather.

1273. He couldn’t stop quickly enough to avoid the accident.

TIME
He couldn’t stop in time to avoid the accident.

1274. I’m hungry enough to eat two lunches.

SO
I’m so hungry I could eat two lunches.

123
1275. The return fare is double the single fare.
TWICE
The return fare is twice as much as the single fare.
1276. He took two hours deciding which seeds to buy.
MIND
He took two hours making up his minf / making his mind up which seeds to buy.

1277. The population of Spain is increasing.

PEOPLE
The number of people in Spain is increasing.

1278. I didn’t expect to win.

THINK
I didn’t think I would win.

1279. My house is near to John’s.

CLOSE
John and I live close to each other.

1280. ‘Don’t stay out for too long,’ his father told him.
WARNED
His father warned him not to stay out for too long.

1281. John drove us home.

DRIVEN
We were driven home by John.

1282. I had no difficulty in passing the test.

FIND
I did not find it difficult to pass the test.

1283. The manager postponed the meeting until Monday.

124
OFF
The meeting was put off by the manager until Monday.

1284. It was wrong of you to lie.

OUGHT
You ought not to have lied.

1285. Jane accidentaly broke the vase.

MEAN
Jane did not mean to break the vase.

1286. ‘You’ve broken my watch!’ said her father.

ACCUSED
Her father accused her of breaking his watch.

1287. John spent ages doing his homework.

TOOK
It took John ages to do his homework.

1288. We didn’t go out because it was very cold.

PREVENTED
The cold prevented us from going out.

1289. ‘How tall are you?’ Peter asked me.

WHAT
Peter asked what my height was.

1290. Alex didn’t drive as carefully as Mary did.

THAN
Mary drove more carefully than Alex did.

1291. The river was so deep I couldn’t see the bottom.

SUCH
125
It was such a deep river that I couldn’t see the bottom.

1292. She did not reply immediately.

HESITATED
She hesitated before replying.

126