ME 3492 – HYDRAULICS AND PNEUMATICS

Question Bank

VI – SEMESTER
MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT
2023 - 2024

Prepared by
I.Duraimurugan, M.E.,(Ph.D)
Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

ARASU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Chennai Main Road, Kumbakonam – 612501.
www.aec.org.in
 UNIT I

FLUID POWER PRINICIPLES AND HYDRAULIC

PUMPS
1. State Pascal’s law. [April/may2022] [CO 1,LOT,K1]
2. What happens to viscosity of fluid when it gets hotter? [CO 1,LOT,K1]
[April/may2022]
3. List the application of fluid power. [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 1,LOT,K1]
4. Why the Fluid Power System is called muscle of Industry? [CO 1,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2020]
5. What are the disadvantages of variable displacement pump? [CO 1,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2022]
6. What are the two factors responsible for the high responsiveness of hydraulic
devices? [CO 1,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2022]
7. What is known as pump cavitations?[April/may2023] [CO 1,LOT,K1]
8. Name any four hydraulic fluids that are commonly used in fluid power
system.[April/may2023] [CO 1,LOT,K1]
9. Define flash and fire points. How is it relevant in the section of hydraulic
fluid? [April/may2023] [CO 1,LOT,K1]
10. What are pump characteristics curves? Draw the same for the positive
displacements. [April/may2023] [CO 1,LOT,K1]
11. Write the Darcy –Weisbach equation. [April/May2015] [CO 1,LOT,K1]
12. Write any four application of fluid power system. [CO 1,LOT,K1]
[April/May2015]
13. What is a balanced vane pump? [May/June 2014] [CO 1,LOT,K1]
14. Write about positive displacement pumps? [CO 1,LOT,K1]
[April/May2015]
15. Name any four drawbacks of fluid power system. [CO 1,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2018]
16. List any four advantages of using the fluid power. [April/may2018]
[CO 1,LOT,K1]
17. Give any two differences between hydraulic power and pneumatic power.
[May/June2012]
18. Define fluid power. [April/May2011] [CO 1,LOT,K1]
19. Write the procedure to calculate the pressure drop in hydraulic circuits.
[April/May2017] [CO 1,LOT,K1]
20. What is Reynolds’s number? Write its significance with reference to fluid
power systems.[Nov/Dec 2016] [CO 1,LOT,K1]
PART-B
1. What is the difference between a fixed displacement pump and variable
displacement pump? Explain with neat sketch construction and working of
external gear pump. [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 1,LOT,K2]
2. List out the selection procedure of oil in Industrial hydraulic application.
[Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 1,LOT,K2]
3. Describe the applications of fluid power system and list the main components
required for a power pack with circuit. [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 1,LOT,K2]
4. Explain with neat sketch about working principle of basic hydraulic and
pneumatic system. [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 1,LOT,K2]
5. Differentiate the details between a fixed displacement pump and a variable
displacement pump. [April/may2023] [CO 1,LOT,K2]
6. A hydraulic cylinder is to compress a body down to bale size in 1O s. The operation
requires a 3 m stroke and a 40000 N force. If a 10 MPa pump has been selected,
assuming the cylinder to be 100% efficient, find
 (i) The required piston area
(ii) The necessary pump flow rate
(iii) The hydraulic power delivered to the cylinder
(iv) The output power delivered to the load
(v) Also, solve parts (i) to (iv) assuming a 400 N friction force and a leakage of 1
LPM. What is the efficiency of the cylinder with the given friction force and
leakage? [April/may2023] [CO 1,LOT,K2]
7. State and explain the types of fluid power control systems with its advantages.

[Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 1,LOT,K2]

8. Write Pascal’s law. Explain any one applications of Pascal’s law with neat
diagram.[April/may2017] [CO 1,LOT,K2]
9. Describe the working principle of pressure compensated variable
displacement vane pump. [Nov/Dec 2018] [CO 1,LOT,K2]
10. (i)Differentiate between laminar and turbulent flow with examples.
[Nov/Dec 2016] [CO 1,LOT,K2]
(ii) What is Reynolds number? How is Reynolds number determined?
[Nov/Dec 2016] [CO 1,LOT,K2]
UNIT II
HYDRAULIC ACTUATORS AND CONTROL
COMPONENTS
1. Explain the term cylinder cushioning. [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 2,LOT,K1]

2. What is the difference between pressure relief valve and pressure reduce
valve? [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 2,LOT,K1]

3. Name the various methods for controlling/ operating the direction control
valve. [April/may2022] [CO 2,LOT,K1]
4. Draw the symbolic representation of single acting and double acting cylinder.
[April/may2022] [CO 2,LOT,K1]

5. Draw the symbols for the following elements. [CO 2,LOT,K1]

[April/may2023]
(a) 4/3 Tandem center valve
(b) Hydraulic motor
6. Why is end cushioning provided in hydraulic cylinder operation?
[April/may2023] [CO 2,LOT,K1]
7. Draw the symbol of flow control valve and pressure reducing valve.
[Nov/Dec 2022] [CO 2,LOT,K1]
8. How size of reservoir is arrived? [Nov/Dec 2022] [CO 2,LOT,K1]

9. Draw the cut sectional view of cushioning mechanism in a linear actuator.

[April/may2023] [CO 2,LOT,K1]

10. List out the basic types of filtering methods used in a fluid system.
[April/may2023] [CO 2,LOT,K1]
11. What is tandem cylinder? [April/may2015] [CO 2,LOT,K1]

12. What is meant by rodless cylinder? Where it is preferred? [CO 2,LOT,K1]

 [Nov/Dec 2016]
13. What is the purpose of a shuttle valve? Draw its graphical symbol.
[April/May2018] [CO2,LOT,K1]

14. What is a servo system? [Nov/Dec 2016] [CO 2,LOT,K1]

15. Why flow control valve is essential in hydraulics circuits? [CO 2,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2016]
16. What is chattering in pressure valve? [May/June 2014] [CO 2,LOT,K1]
17. Sketch the graphical symbol for telescopic cylinder. [CO 2,LOT,K1]
[April/May 2010]
18. What is a balanced vane pump? [Nov/Dec 2012] [CO 2,LOT,K1]

19. List the types of proportional control valves. [CO 2,LOT,K1]

[Nov/Dec 2010]
20. Differentiate pressure switch and temperature switch. [CO 2,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2012]
PART-B
1. (i)Explain any three types of special cylinders used in hydraulics with neat
Sketch. [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 2,LOT,K2]

(ii) What is cylinder cushion? [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 2,LOT,K2]

2. Explain the construction, working of gear type motor and vane type motor.
[Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 2,LOT,K2]

3. Explain the requirement of pressure control, directional control and flow

control valves used in hydraulic systems.[April/may2023] [CO2,LOT,K2]

4. Explain in detail about construction and working principle of a simple

pressure relief valve with its sectional representation and suitable hydraulic
circuit (symbolic representation). [April/may2023] [CO2,LOT,K2]

5. ‘A vertical punching machine requires a hydraulic valve to prevent the piston

from free falling due to gravity’ with a neat sketch, design a hydraulic circuit
appropriate for this application. Also, explain the construction and working
principle of the hydraulic valve. [April/may2023] [CO2,LOT,K2]

6. (i) A hydraulic motor receives a flow rate of 72 LPM at a pressure of 12000

kPa. If the motor speed is 800 RPM and if the motor has a power loss of 3
kW, find the motor’s actual output torque and overall efficiency. (6)
(ii) Define the displacement and torque ratings of a hydraulic motor. (4)
(iii) Why the torque output from a fixed-displacement hydraulic motor
operating at constant pressure is the same regardless of speed changes? (3)
[April/may2023] [CO2,LOT,K2]
7. Explain with a neat sketch the principle and operation of Telescopic cylinder
 [Nov/Dec 2016] [CO2,LOT,K2]

8. Describe the working of a double acting Tandem cylinder. Give its graphics
symbol.[April/may2018] [CO2,LOT,K2]
9. Explain the construction of pressure relief valve with a neat sketch.
[April/may2018] [CO2,LOT,K2]

10. Explain with neat sketch construction and operation of an electro-hydraulic

servo valve. State at least two applications. [Nov/Dec 2016] [CO2,LOT,K2]

UNIT III
HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS
PART-A
1. What is the function of intensifier? [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 3,LOT,K1]

2. What is the advantage of using sequencing circuit? [Nov/Dec 2020]

[CO 3,LOT,K1]

3. Write the purpose of using a failsafe circuit in any hydraulic system.

[April/may2023] [CO3,LOT,K1]

4. What are the factors to be considered while designing a hydraulic circuit?

[April/may2023] [CO3,LOT,K1]
5. An intensifier with an intensification ratio of 20:1 is being used in a system
with a maximum pump pressure of 7000 KPa and a flow rate of 40 LPM.
What are the flow rate and the pressure output of the intensifier?
[April/may2023] [CO3,LOT,K1]

6. What is a sequencing circuit?[Nov/Dec 2020] [CO3,LOT,K1]

7. What is the use of regenerative circuit? [Nov/Dec 2010] [CO3,LOT,K1]

8. Where speed control circuit is required? [Nov/Dec 2018] [CO3,LOT,K1]

9. What do you mean by sequencing of cylinders? [CO3,LOT,K1]
[April/may2017]
10. When synchronizing circuit is required?[Nov/Dec 2016] [CO3,LOT,K1]
11. Name the basic type of accumulators used in hydraulic systems.
[April/may2011] [CO3,LOT,K1]
12. What is meant by hydrostatic transmission system? [CO3,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2010]
13. What is the advantage of using sequencing circuit? [CO3,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2018]
14. Explain briefly the non-separator type gas loaded accumulator. [CO3,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2018]
15. What is the function of an accumulator? [Nov/Dec 2014] [CO3,LOT,K1]

16. List the basic arrangements in hydrostatic drives. [CO3,LOT,K1]

 [May/June2013]
17. Why accumulator used in the hydraulic fluid power system? [CO3,LOT,K1]
[April/may2022]
18. Differentiate between meter in and meter out circuits with respect to speed
control circuits.[Nov/Dec 2010] [CO3,LOT,K1]
19. What is the function of bleed-off circuit?[Nov/Dec 2010] [CO3,LOT,K1]
20. What is gained and what is lost in an intensifier? [CO3,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2010]
PART- B
1. What is the function of a throttle value? Draw and explain the meter in
Meter out and bleed off circuits. [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 3,LOT,K2]
2. Draw and explain the Air-over-oil circuit used in the hydraulic circuit.
[Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 3,LOT,K2]
3. With help of circuit diagram explain types and applications of accumulator.
[Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 3,LOT,K2]

4. Citing an industrial application (symbolic circuit), illustrate the construction

and working of pressure intensifier.[April/May 2022] [CO 3,LOT,K2]
5. Design and explain the working of regenerative Circuits. [CO 3,LOT,K2]
[April/May 2022]
6. Draw neatly the meter in circuit used in hydraulics using appropriate ISO
symbols and explain its working.[April/May 2023] [CO 3,LOT,K2]
7. Draw neatly the sequencing circuit used in hydraulic using appropriate ISO
symbols and explain its working.[April/May 2023] [CO 3,LOT,K2]
8. Explain the working principle of electro hydraulic servo system with neat
sketch.[April/May 2018] [CO 3,LOT,K2]
9. Explain the working principle of a hydraulic circuit used in drilling machine.
[Nov/Dec 2010] [CO 3,LOT,K2]
10. Design the circuit to speed up the extending speed of a double acting cylinder
with suitable circuit.[April/May 2018] [CO 3,LOT,K2]

UNIT IV
PNEUMATIC AND ELECTRO PNEUMATIC SYSTEMS
PART-A

1. What is FRL Unit and give the standard graphical symbol for FRL unit.

[Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 4,LOT,K1]

2. What is a Ladder diagram?[Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 4,LOT,K1]

3. What is the function of an air filters? [Nov/Dec 2012] [CO 4,LOT,K1]
4. What is the purpose of an air Pressure regulator? [CO 4,LOT,K1]
[Apr/May 2017]
5. Sketch the graphical symbol of pneumatic regulator. [CO 4,LOT,K1]
[Apr/May 2010]
6. How are air compressors classified?[Nov/Dec 2010] [CO 4,LOT,K1]
7. What is the need for air dryers?[Nov/Dec 2012] [CO 4,LOT,K1]
8. Why are mufflers used in pneumatic systems? [CO 4,LOT,K1]
[Apr/May 2018]
9. What is the purpose of a quick exhaust valve? [CO 4,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2010]
10. Name the different types of air motors. [Apr/May 2018] [CO 4,LOT,K1]
11. Mention advantages of air motors over electric motors. [CO 4,LOT,K1]
[May/June2013]
12. Define fluidics.[Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 4,LOT,K1]
13. State the difference between quick exhaust valve and flow control valve.
[Apr/May 2011] [CO 4,LOT,K1]
14. What is the purpose of a shuttle valve in pneumatic circuit?
[Apr/May 2011] [CO 4,LOT,K1]
15. List the use of ladder diagrams.[Nov/Dec 2018] [CO 4,LOT,K1]
16. When do use timer and relay? Why? [Nov/Dec 2012] [CO 4,LOT,K1]

17. What do you mean by logic control? [May/June2013] [CO 4,LOT,K1]

18. List the various methods used for designing logic circuits? [CO 4,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2020]
19. Develop ladder logic diagrams illustrating 'OR' logic and 'NOT' logic.
[Nov/Dec 2021] [CO 4,LOT,K1]
20. Name the various equipments used for controlling the air contamination
[Apr/May 2022] [CO 4,LOT,K1]
PART-B
1. Elaborate on the construction and working of filter, regulator, and lubricator
in a pneumatic FRL unit with suitable sketches. [CO 4,LOT,K2]
[Apr/May 2022]
2. Citing an industrial application (symbolic circuit), illustrate the construction
and working principle of a pneumatic two-hand safety module. [Apr/May
2022] [CO 4,LOT,K2]
3. Draw a pneumatic circuit by cascade method for following sequence of
Operation: A+ B+ B– A– where A and B are the two cylinders and +
indicates extension and – indicates retraction of the cylinder. [Nov/Dec
2020] [CO 4,LOT,K2]

4. Explain with ANSI symbols a) All the types of Actuators used in

pneumatics b) Quick exhaust valve and 5/2 direction control valve
Sketch the graphical symbol. [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 4,LOT,K2]

5. Three pneumatic cylinders A, B, C are used in an automatic sequence

of operation. A cylinder extends, B cylinders extends, B cylinder
retracts, and then A cylinder retracts, C cylinder extends and C cylinder
 retracts develop pneumatic circuit by cascade method. Sketch also
travel step diagram and explain briefly. [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO 4,LOT,K2]

6. Explain the construction operation of quick exhaust valve with neat sketch.
[Apr/May 2023] [CO 4,LOT,K2]
7. Explain meter in and meter-out circuits with neat sketch.
[Nov/Dec 2012] [CO 4,LOT,K2]
8. With a neat sketch, explain the working principle of a screw compressor.
[Nov/Dec 2012] [CO 4,LOT,K2]
9. State the various types of air control valves.
[Apr/May 2011] [CO 4,LOT,K2]
10. Explain the function of an air pressure regulator with neat sketch.
[Apr/May 2008] [CO 4,LOT,K2]
UNIT V
TROUBLE SHOOTING AND APPLICATIONS

PART-A
1. Explain the low cost automation. [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO5,LOT,K1]
2. Describe the important component of hydraulic power pack.
[Nov/Dec 2020] [CO5,LOT,K1]
3. List the various methods used for designing logic circuits? [CO5,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2020]
4. List the various methods used for designing logic circuits? [CO5,LOT,K1]
[Nov/Dec 2020]
5. State the importance of proper troubleshooting of hydraulic systems.
[Nov/Dec 2022] [CO5,LOT,K1]
6. Why are pneumatic systems preferred for tool handing in machine tools?
[Nov/Dec 2022] [CO5,LOT,K1]
7. What is the difference between pressure switch and a temperature switch?
[Nov/Dec 2012] [CO5,LOT,K1]
8. What is meant by automation? [Apr/May 2015] [CO5,LOT,K1]
9. When to use timer and relay? [Nov/Dec 2012] [CO5,LOT,K1]
10. What are the four criteria of design of hydraulic circuits?[Nov/Dec 2022]
11. What constitutes a power pack? [Nov/Dec 2022] [CO5,LOT,K1]
12. What is the meaning of the term troubleshooting? [CO5,LOT,K1]
[May/June 2008]
13. List any two common faults in an hydraulic system. [CO5,LOT,K1]
[Apr/May 2023]
14. Mention the need for low cost automation with an example. [CO5,LOT,K1]
[Apr/May 2023]
15. How is the speed of a cylinder controlled in pneumatic system?
 [Nov/Dec 2009] [CO5,LOT,K1]

16. Define trouble shooting. [Nov/Dec 2009] [CO5,LOT,K1]

17. Mention any two roles of pneumatic systems in low cost estimation.
[Apr/May 2005] [CO5,LOT,K1]
18. List the common cause of hydraulic system breakdown. [Apr/May 2022]
[CO5,LOT,K1]
19. Write short notes on how oil leakage can be prevented in hydraulic power
systems? [Apr/May 2022] [CO5,LOT,K1]
20. What are the importance components of a hydraulic power pack?
[Nov/Dec 2006] [CO5,LOT,K1]
PART-B
1. Design and explain a hydraulic circuit for press application. [CO5,LOT,K2]
[Apr/May 2018]
2. How would you describe the failure and trouble shooting is carried out in
hydraulic system. [Apr/May 2018] [CO5,LOT,K2]
3. Illustrate the hydraulic system for operation of surface grinding.[Nov/Dec
2020] [CO5,LOT,K2]
4. How would you show and describe a hydraulic circuit to actuate a shaping
machine ram. Incorporate the following features in the circuit. i) Rapid tool
approach ii) Slow cutting and iii) Rapid tool retraction/return. [Nov/Dec 2020]
[CO5,LOT,K2]
5. Explain the principle of low cost estimation.[Nov/Dec 2006]
[CO5,LOT,K2]
6. Write a short note on failure and trouble shooting in pneumatic
circuits.[Apr/May 2018] [CO5,LOT,K2]
7. Design and explain the fluid power circuit for a drilling machine to discuss the
following functions, (i) Clamping the work piece (ii) drilling the work piece
(iii) unclamping the work piece. Design and develop a robot system to pick
and place object. [Nov/Dec 2020] [CO5,LOT,K2]
8. Explain the possible cause and remedies for hydraulic cylinder and
accumulators. [CO5,LOT,K2]
[Nov/Dec 2010]
9. List out various operating problems associated with pumps, valves and various
faults, possible causes and suitable remedy for each problem. [CO5,LOT,K2]
[Nov/Dec 2011]
10. Device a robot system that can be used for picking and placing glass bottles of
a soft drink processing industry with suitable elements. [CO5,LOT,K2]
[Apr/May 2022]

……………………*************………………………