Installation Manual for

Bifacial PV Module

1
 Catalogue
1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Scope of liability ..................................................................................................................................... 3
2 Regulations......................................................................................................................................................... 3

3 Safety Precautions ............................................................................................................................................. 3

3.1 General safety.......................................................................................................................................... 4
3.2 Operation safety measures....................................................................................................................... 5
4 Handling, unloading and unpacking ............................................................................................................... 6
4.1 Transport and unloading .......................................................................................................................... 7
4.2 Demolition package................................................................................................................................. 9
4.3 Stack ...................................................................................................................................................... 10
5 Mechanical installation ................................................................................................................................... 11
5.1 Environment .......................................................................................................................................... 11
5.2 Tilt angle selection ................................................................................................................................ 11
5.3 Mounting Guide .................................................................................................................................... 12
5.3.1 Bolted mounting ........................................................................................................................ 12
5.3.2 Clamped mounting .................................................................................................................... 13
5.3.3 Tracking bracket ........................................................................................................................ 21
6 Electrical Installation ...................................................................................................................................... 22
6.1 Electrical characteristics ........................................................................................................................ 22
6.2 Electrical connection ............................................................................................................................. 23
6.3 Grounding.............................................................................................................................................. 25
7 Maintenance..................................................................................................................................................... 26
7.1 Routine Inspection................................................................................................................................. 26
7.2 PV module cleaning .............................................................................................................................. 26
Modified version and date ...................................................................................................................................... 27

2
 1.2 Scope of liability
1 Introduction

We appreciate for your trust and confidence towards No warranty expressed or implied is made with regard

the photovoltaic (PV) module products manufactured to any information in this manual because how this

by Astronergy. manual is complied with is beyond the control of

Astronergy. Astronergy shall not be liable for any
Please read all instructions and the electrical and form of loss, including but not limited to loss, damage,
mechanical requirements in this manual carefully casualty or additional cost caused by improper
before installation. Specialized skills are required for installation, operation, use and maintenance of PV
installing and operating PV modules, and only modules and systems.
professionals are capable to perform this task. All
safety precautions in this manual shall be strictly Astronergy reserves the right to update this manual

observed during installation, and the manual shall be without prior notice. In case of any inconsistency

properly kept for further reference. The installer must between the description of different language versions

inform the end customer (or consumer) accordingly. of this manual, the Chinese version shall prevail.

1.1 Purpose 2 Regulations

This document provides detailed instructions and The mechanical installation and electrical connection

safety precautions regarding the installation, electrical of PV systems should be performed in accordance with
connection, and maintenance of following PV modules local laws, regulations and corresponding international

manufactured by Astronergy: and domestic standards including electrical codes,

building codes and electrical connection requirements.
Table 1 This manual applies to photovoltaic module types Such requirements may vary from different mounting
location, e.g. rooftop system and floating systems.
CHSM48N(DGT)/F-BH CHSM54N(DGT)(BLH)/F-BH
Requirements may also vary with system voltage and
CHSM54M(DG)/F-BH CHSM54N(DG)/F-BH
for DC/AC applications. Please contact local
CHSM54M(DGT)/F-BH CHSM54N(DGT)/F-BH
authorities for detailed governing regulations.
CHSM54M(DG)/F-HC CHSM54N(DG)/F-HC

CHSM60M(DG)/F-BH CHSM60N(DG)/F-BH 3 Safety Precautions

CHSM60M(DGT)/F-BH CHSM60N(DGT)/F-BH

CHSM60M(DG)/F-HC CHSM60N(DG)/F-HC
 Astronergy’s modules are designed to meet the
requirements of IEC61215 and IEC61730, and they
CHSM66M(DG)/F-BH CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH
have been qualified for Application Class A
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH CHSM72M(DGT)/F-BH
(equivalent to Safety Class II requirements).
CHSM72N(DGT)/F-BH CHSM78M(DG)/F-BH
Modules can be applied to publicly accessible
CHSM78N(DG)/F-BH
systems operating at greater than 50V DC or 240W.

 The module design complies with IEC61730 and

3
 UL61730 standards and meets Class C fire rating days or dewy mornings, take appropriate protective
(IEC61730), type 29 fire rating (UL61730 for US measures to prevent moisture from penetrating the
market) and Class C fire rating (UL61730 for connectors.
Canada market).
 Unauthorized personnel are prohibited from
！WARNING approaching the installation area or PV module
storage area.
Read and understand all safety instructions before
installing, wiring, handling, and/or maintaining PV  It is forbidden to install or use damaged PV
modules. PV modules generate direct current modules.

electricity when they are exposed to sunlight or other  It is forbidden to repair PV modules by
light sources. Whether the module is connected or not, unauthorized personnel, including but not limited
to replacing any part of PV modules (such as
direct contact with the live part of the module such as
diodes, junction boxes, connectors, etc.).
the wiring terminal may cause personal injury or even
death.  It is forbidden to plug in connectors of different
types and models.
3.1 General safety
 It is forbidden to expose PV modules to the
 Before installation, please contact the relevant local
following substances: grease or organic ester
authority to make sure the installation permit and
compounds (e.g. DOP, plasticizers), aromatics,
installation inspection requirements can meet the
phenols, ketones, halogenated substances, mineral
local requirements. The installation process should
oil, alkanes (e.g. gasoline, cleaning lubricants,
comply with the safety rules applicable to all
electronic resurrection agents), alcohol, , adhesive
components in the system, including cables,
sheets that can generate oxime gas and potting glue
terminals, charging monitors, batteries, inverters,
(only for connectors), TBP (plasticizer), detergent,
etc.
etc., to avoid chemical damage and affect the

 Installation and maintenance must be completed by electrical safety performance of PV modules.

professionally qualified engineers. During the

 Photovoltaic module installation is prohibited on
installation, wear safety helmets, insulating gloves,
windy days.
safety shoes and use insulating tools to avoid the
direct contact with a DC voltage of 30V or even  Avoid focusing sunlight on PV modules.
higher.
 It is forbidden to place PV Modules where
 During the installation and turnover of modules at flammable gas may be generated.
the Project place，The rainproof measures should be
taken to prevent the outer box from getting wet.  It is forbidden to install PV modules on movable
platform, excepting tracking systems.
 When installing or operating PV modules on rainy

4
 It is forbidden to disassemble and move any part of cases are well ventilated, water-proof and dry.
the PV module; if the connector of the PV module After the arrival, carefully open the outer package
is wet, do not perform any actions to avoid the risk and prevent scratches and bumps of PV modules.
of electric shock. When stacking PV modules, strictly follow the

 It is forbidden to connect or disconnect the PV stacking requirements in chapter 4.3.

module when there is electrical current or external

 Avoid impact or scratches on any part of the PV
electrical current.
module, otherwise the reliability and safety of the

 The cover of the junction box should always be PV module will be affected; standing or walking on

kept closed. the PV module is prohibited; at the same time, in

order to avoid glass damage, it is forbidden to
 Avoid partial shading of PV modules for a long apply excessive load or distorted PV modules.
period of time, otherwise the temperature of the
shaded module may rise due to hot spot effect,  Do not install or carry PV modules by one person.

burning the module and causing fire hazard in It is forbidden to pick up, drag, or move PV

severe cases. modules by grabbing the junction box (including

the box body, cables, and connectors); when
 For photovoltaic modules that are used in deserts,
placing a PV module on a flat surface, it must be
windy and sandy areas, water surfaces, or need
operated carefully and be aware of bumps in the
long-term transportation and storage, it is
corners.
recommended to use connector dust caps before
installation, or take other measures to prevent sand  When installing or repairing the PV system, do not
and dust from entering the connectors, otherwise it wear any metal accessories to avoid the risk of
may cause insertion problems or electrical safety electric shock; if it is installed far above the ground,
hazards. please wear a seat belt.
 After the modules are installed on the rack, it is
 When operating PV modules in the sun, please use
recommended to plug in the connectors on the
insulated tools, and wear rubber gloves and
same day to prevent moisture or wind and sand
protective clothing. At the same time, in order to
from invading, causing mating or use problems.
avoid the risk of arc and electric shock, do not
 For wiring connections, please use standard PV
directly touch the junction box and the end of the
copper wires with a cross-section area of at least
output cable (connector) with bare hands.
4mm ² , and should be light-resistant and
temperature-resistant at a minimum of 90℃  For electrical connection, choose a dry and
weak-light morning or evening; or use opaque
3.2 Operation safety measures
materials to completely cover the surface of the PV

 Avoid package damaging and falling during modules to prevent current generation.

transportation and storage. Ensure the packing

 A certain distance between the PV module and the

5
 installation surface should be kept to prevent the load-bearing capacity and long-term reliability.
installation surface from touching the junction box.
 If the PV module glass or other packaging
 When installing on the roof, comply with the fire materials are damaged, please wear personal
protection requirements of the building. It is protective equipment to separate the PV module
recommended to install PV modules on a fireproof from the site or the circuit. It is strictly forbidden to
and insulated roof covering, and ensure adequate touch wet PV modules, unless you are wearing
ventilation between the PV modules and the electric shock protection equipment that meets the
installation surface. In order to ensure the fire requirements.
rating on the roof, the minimum distance between
 When professionals replace or repair PV modules,
the frame of the PV module and the roof surface is
do not damage the surrounding PV modules or their
10cm.
support structures.
 The connector must be fully mated when wiring. If
 When cleaning PV modules, you must follow the
the cable is too long, it is recommended to fix the
cleaning requirements of PV modules.
cable to the rack system with a UV-resistant nylon
cable tie. When fixing the cable to the rack, the  The connectors must be kept dry and clean to
bending radius of the cable should be not less than ensure that they are in good working condition. Do
48mm. not insert other metal objects into the connector or
make electrical connections in any other way.
 Avoid directly exposing cables and connectors to
sunlight. Please use anti-UV cables. 4 Handling, unloading and unpacking

 Do not disconnect the electrical connection when  If the PV module is not in use, please do not open
there is a load. the product packaging. The goods should be stored
in a dark, dry and ventilated place. If the PV
 It is strictly forbidden to try to disassemble the PV modules are stored in an uncontrollable
module, and it is strictly prohibited to remove the environment, the storage time must be less than 3
nameplate of the PV module or other parts on the months when the outer packaging of the PV
PV module; it is strictly forbidden to paint or apply modules is kept intact.
any adhesive on the surface of the PV module.
 It is recommended to unpack an appropriate
 It is strictly forbidden to drill holes in the frame of number of PV modules per day according to the
the PV module. project progress, and the unpacked PV modules
should be installed within a day. If unpacking too
 It is strictly forbidden to scratch the anodized layer
many PV modules and being stacked on the ground,
on the surface of the aluminum alloy frame, except
in severe weather such as heavy rain and typhoons,
when it is connected to the ground. Scratches may
the PV modules may be immersed in water for a
cause corrosion of the frame, affecting the frame's
long time affecting the reliability of the product or

6
 be scraped away. load. Adjust the position of the sling to ensure the
center of gravity is stable and keep moving at a
4.1 Transport and unloading
stable speed. Place the package lightly on a flat
ground and right the package.
During the transportation of the PV modules to the
project site, they must be packed in the packaging box
2. Do not unload the modules under conditions of
provided by Astronergy, and they should be stored in
wind over class 6, rain and snow.
the original packaging box before installation. Please
protect the packaging from damage. 3. For vertical portrait packages, do not lift up more
It is necessary to ensure the safety when unloading PV than 2 pallets of modules at once. For vertical
landscape packages, do not lift up more than 2
modules, especially when hoisting roof projects. The
pallets of modules at once. For lateral unloading ,
PV modules should be placed in a protective device remove the pallet stacking belts before unloading.
and then hoisted to the roof to prevent the packing box

from deforming and bumping against the wall during

the hoisting process.

There are two packaging methods for Module of

210mm-wafer, vertical portrait package and vertical
Hoisting equipment
landscape package. The requirements for unloading
and unpacking are also different. The packaging
method is as follows:

Vertical portrait package unloading with crane

Vertical portrait package Vertical landscape package

Matters needing attention for unloading with crane:

Vertical landscape package unloading with crane
1. Use specialized equipment for crane operation.
Select suitable hoisting equipment with enough Matters needing attention for forklift unloading:
strength according to the weight and the size of the

7
1. Unload from both sides of the truck.

2. Select a suitable tonnage forklift according to the

module weight, the fork distance should be
adjusted to the maximum position without any
interference to the pallet, the forks should go into
the pallet at least 3/4 of the pallet depth during
unloading(the forks length L ≥ 3/4 of pallet
length),the backrest height should be not less than Vertical landscape package unloading with forklift
1.7m and the backrest width should be not less
than 1.5m

3. The contact position between the backrest and the

module package should be fixed with a buffer
material (preferably silicone, rubber, EPE) to
Backrest: height≥ 1.7m, width ≥ 1.5m
prevent the forklift from damaging the modules.

4. Since the packing box will block the sight of the

forklift driver, it is recommended to drive
backwards during the forklifting, and arrange for
special supervision and command to prevent
bumping into people or items causing personal
Cushion materials in front of the backrest
injury or damage to the modules.

！Special instructions

Due to the limitation of the height of the container,

when the photovoltaic modules are removed from the
container, the distance between the upper surface of
the forklift tines and the ground should be less than
Vertical portrait package unloading with forklift 50mm, otherwise collisions may easily occur, which
may damage the photovoltaic modules. Unload the
front-most package in turn.

8
 Unloading from container
Distance between the upper surface of the forklift tines and the
Packaging turnover points are as follows: ground

1. When transporting the vertical portrait packages, 4.2 Demolition package

the entire module package shall prop against the
Before unpacking, please make sure that the
backrest, backrest shall perpendicular to the fork,
and the structure must be firm (withstand packaging box is in good condition, it is recommended
pressure ≥ 1.5 ton). When the entire module to use art knife to remove the packing belt and
package leans on the backrest, the backrest shall
wrapping film. Violent removal is prohibited to avoid
not be deformed due to the pressure. the package
must be fixed using a safety rope with tensile scratching the modules in the box. It is strictly

strength of ≥ 2000kgf, and place safety prohibited to unload modules under the weather
guardrail on both sides of the forklift.
conditions of wind speed greater than Level 6, heavy

2. The forklift should be driven at a controlled rain or heavy snow.

speed of ≤ 5 km/h in straight, and ≤ 3 km/h for
Please follow the recommended unpacking steps
turning, so as to avoid sudden stop and rapid start
to unpack the modules. When unpacking, it mustbe
3. When using the hydraulic vehicle to transport operated by two or more people at the same time.
the modules, the distance between the upper
Always wear insulating gloves when handling the
surface of the fork and the ground should be less
than or equal to 75mm. modules.

If the unpacked modules are not installed

immediately, they should be fixed to the stand

supporter with a safety rope. When the modules need

to be temporarily stored after unpacking, they should

.
be neatly and stably stacked on two pallets of
Forklift operation
appropriate size, the number of stacked modules

should not exceed 14.

9
1. Prepare the following tools before unpacking: art 3. A fixed support (wall, rack, stable unpacked module
knife (scissors), safety hat, stand supporter, safety pallets, etc.) must be ready for vertical landscape
shoes and anti-cutting gloves. package unpacking, and the steps are as follows

1) Remove the packing belts, wrapping film, top cover

and carton box.

Safety helmet Pen knife Stand supporter

2) Cut off the horizontal packing belts.

3) Cut off the vertical packing belts excepting two

2. Stand supporter must be used for vertical portrait
inner belts, then push the module gently to tilt towards
package unpacking, and the steps are as follows:
the stand supporter.
1) Remove the packing belts, wrapping film, top cover
4) Cut the remaining packing belts.
and carton box.

5) Take out the modules in order.

2) Place the stand supporter into the bottom of the
pallet from the glass or backsheet side

3) Insert fixed bolts into the front hole of the support.

4) Cut off the horizontal packing belts.

5) Cut off the vertical packing belts excepting two Vertical landscape package unpacking steps

inner belts.
4.3 Stack
6)push the module gently to tilt towards the stand
supporter. When taking out the PV module from the packing box,
put the cardboard on the ground first to prevent the PV
7) Cut the remaining packing belts. module from colliding and scratching with the cement
surface, hard object on the ground, color steel tile,
8) Tear off the anti-fallen tape on the first module in
metal corrugated, etc.
the front, and then take out the modules in order.
When the PV modules are stacked, they must be neatly
and stably stacked on a horizontal surface, and stacked
with the glass side of the bottom module facing up, the
glass side of other modules facing down. At the same
time, there must be cardboard bedding under the PV
modules, the number of piles should not exceed 14. At
Vertical portrait package unpacking steps the same time, avoid installation tools and other
objects on the surface of the PV module.

10
Astronergy PV modules adopt high and low current 5.1 Environment
bins, and the handlers need to place them separately
 Recommended ambient temperature: -20°C to 50°C;
and mark them according to the markings on the
extreme operating ambient temperature for PV
power list on the PV module outer packaging (for
modules: -40 °C to 85°C.
example, 670W-L means low current bin; 670W-H
means high current bin; the current division method  Mechanical load on PV modules: under standard
required by other customers is similar); According to installation conditions, the maximum tested
the system design requirements, modules of the same snow/wind load is 5400 Pa/2400 Pa and the design
current bin are usually required to be installed in the load (considering a safety factor of 1.5 times) is
same array. 3600 Pa/1600 Pa. Refer to 5.3 for detailed
installation and mechanical loads.
If the customer requires PV modules to be
distinguished by color, the outer packaging box shall  PV modules are strictly forbidden to be installed
be marked accordingly, and the PV modules shall be and used in environments with excessive amounts
marked to prevent confusion when they are taken out of hail, snow, hurricanes, sand, soot, air pollution,
of the packaging box and stacked up. According to the and etc. PV modules are strictly forbidden to be
system design requirements, the color of PV modules installed or used in environments where there are
in the same row or the same array should be the same. strongly corrosive substances (e.g. salt, salt spray,
brine, active chemical vapors, acid rain, strong
Modules should be stored in a dry and ventilated vapor confined environments or any other
environment on a flat ground. Do not place modules substance that will corrode PV modules and affect
on soft ground to avoid damage or dumping of the their safety or performance).
modules due to ground deformation or collapse. Do
not place modules on area with poor water drainage.  If the PV modules will be installed in special
environments such as high temperature and high
For long-term storage, it is recommended to store the humidity environments, humid salt-mist
modules in a standard warehouse with regular environments (C3+areas specified in ISO 9223),
inspection, reinforce the package in a timely manner if marine and floating environments and farms, the
any anomalies are found. purchaser or user needs to inform Astronergy in
advance. The types of PV modules, BOM, and
warranty issues will be decided by mutual
agreement between the parties.

 If the above precautions are not observed,

No soft ground and water No inclination angle > 4°

Astronergy’s warranty will be void.

5 Mechanical installation 5.2 Tilt angle selection

The tilt angle of a PV module refers to the angle

11
between the surface of the PV module and the ground and regional regulations or corresponding
surface, as shown in Fig. 1. The power output of a PV international standards.
module is maximized. when it faces the sun directly.
 The PV module must be securely fastened to the
mounting system. If the PV module is mounted in a
snowy area, the height of the mounting system
should be designed in a way that the lowest end of
the PV module is not covered by snow. In addition,
it should be ensured that the lowest end of the PV
module is not shaded by surrounding trees or other
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of tilt angle
vegetation.
For northern hemisphere, PV modules should
 When the PV module is mounted on a rack parallel
preferably face south. For southern hemisphere, PV
to the roof, the minimum clearance between the PV
modules should preferably face north. For detailed
module frame and the roof is 10cm, which is
mounting inclination, please follow local regulatory
necessary for air circulation to prevent wiring
guidelines or the recommendations of an experienced
damage of the PV module.
installer. Astronergy recommends an installation tilt
angle of no less than 10°, so that when it rains, the dust
 The PV module frame will suffer thermal
on surface is easily carried away by the rainwater, thus
expansion and contraction effect, therefore the
reducing the number of times of clean; at the same
space between two adjacent PV module frames
time, it helps the water on the surface of the PV
should be no less than 10mm when mounted.
module to flow away, avoiding the long-term
accumulation of large amounts of water on the glass  For special installation areas (such as high altitude,
surface, which can affect the appearance and mountain tops, coastal areas, wind vents), project
performance of the PV module. sites with frequent strong winds, it is recommended

PV modules connected in series should be installed in to use square gaskets, anti-loosening nuts,

the same orientation and angle. Different orientations anti-loosening gaskets, thickened gaskets, etc.

and angles may result in different amounts of solar

 For specific installation methods, please refer to the
radiation being received by each module, resulting in
following installation specifications, If
power loss.
inappropriate fixtures or incorrect installation

5.3 Mounting Guide methods are used, the warranty of Astronergy will
be invalid.
 PV module mounting system must be composed of
durable, corrosion-resistant and UV-resistant 5.3.1 Bolted mounting

materials, and it must be inspected and tested by a All PV modules must be secured with at least 4
third-party testing organization with static
bolts. The specific corresponding airborne values are
mechanical analysis capabilities meeting national

12
shown in Table 2. 9~12Nm for M6 bolts and 17~23Nm for M8 bolts.
Due to the possible difference of bolt material, the
！ATTENTION specific torque value is subject to the information
confirmed by the bolt supplier.
In order to achieve maximum safety precautions
against wind and snow loads, it is recommended that ⑤ When using 30mm height frame module, it is
all available mounting holes should be used. The bolt recommended to select fasteners ≤ 20mm length.
installation steps are as follows (Fig. 2).

5.3.2 Clamped mounting

When double-sided PV modules are installed, each PV

module must be fixed with at least 4 presses, as shown
in Figures 3 、4、5、6.
.

Fig. 2 Diagram of the bolt installation process

① Place the PV module on top of the rack.

② Insert 4 stainless steel bolts in corresponding

mounting holes. The 9x14mm mounting holes
match with M8 bolts, while the 7x10mm mounting
Fig.3 Rails overlapping the long-side frame
holes match with M6 bolts. 7x10mm mounting
holes are positioned with a hole pitch of 400mm.

③ Make sure to use two stainless steel washers for

each bolt, one on each side of the rack, the
minimum thickness of the washer is 1.5mm, and
the outer diameter is 16~18mm, but for 210 wafer
size modules, the outer diameter is 18~20mm, then
screw on the top of a stainless-steel spring washer
or toothed lock washer. Finally, lock with a
stainless-steel nut. The tolerance requirements for
Fig. 4 Rails vertical to the long-side frame
flat gaskets are in accordance with the A-level
standard in GB/T 3103.3-2020

④ The tightening torque is recommended to be

13
 provided by Astronergy) which should be made
with stainless material and treated with an
anti-corrosion process (e.g. hot dipped galvanizing).
Each PV module needs at least four clamps to be
fixed. The module clamps should not come into
contact with the glass and should not deform the
frame, otherwise they may cause module damage.

② Be sure to avoid shadowing effects from the

Fig. 5 Rails overlapping the short-side frame module clamps. Weep holes on the module frame
must not be closed or obscured by the clamps. The
clamp must have at least 8mm but no more than
11mm overlap with the frame of the module (The
clamp section can be changed under the premise of
ensuring reliable installation).

③ The top surface of the rail contacted with module

frame should be equipped with grooves compatible
Fig. 6 Four clamp mounting on short side of frame
with an M8 bolt.

④ If the grooves are not provided, holes of a suitable

diameter may need to be drilled to allow bolts
！ATTENTION：
attaching to the rail at the same locations as
 The length of the rack must be longer than the PV mentioned above.
module, otherwise it should be confirmed by
⑤ Ensure that the mounting sequence of each clamp is
Astronergy in advance.
in the order of flat washer, spring washer and nut.
 The above two diagrams show the mounting
⑥ Figures 7 and 8 show the schematic diagram of the
method using aluminum clamps. "D" indicates the
clamp, while Figures 9 and 10 show the installation
mounting range. Table 3 shows the recommended
schematic diagram of the clamp. The dimensions of
mounting position and corresponding machine
the clamp are a≥40 mm, b≥16 mm, c≥5 mm, d ≥8
loads.
mm, e ≥15 mm, Ø =9 mm, and the thickness of the
 Each aluminum clamp is equipped with an M8 bolt,
clamp is ≥3mm. For module of 182/210mm-wafer,
a flat washer, a spring washer and an M8 nut. The the size of mid and fringe clamp must meet a≥60
mounting steps are as follows: mm. The tightening torque is suggested to be
17~23Nm for Class 8.8 screw and bolts.
① Place the module on the two supporting rails (not

14
 Fig. 10 Installation schematic diagram of mid clamp

Fig. 7 Top view of fringe clamp ⑦ To prevent modules from coming off the fixed
device after installation, it is suggested to choose
fringe and mid clamps and make contact with the A
side of the frame with groove patterns. Suggest to
have 9 patterns with a space between 2 adjecent
patterns of 1.2mm and a depth of 0.6mm, as shown
in figure 7.

⑧ For the mounting shown in Figure 3, the overlap

between the C surface of the assembly and the rail
should be ≥ 25mm. Astronergy’s limited warranty
Fig. 8 Cross section diagram of fringe clamp will be void if improper clamps or improper
installation is used.

Fig. 9 Installation schematic diagram of fringe clamp

15
 Table 2 Bolt installation diagram and corresponding mechanical load value

Module size Load

Module type Installation diagram
L*W*H (mm) value

+5400Pa
-2400Pa
CHSM54N(DGT)(BLH)/F-BH
CHSM54M(DG)/F-BH Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (990mm holes),
CHSM54N(DG)/F-BH guide rails vertical long side frame
CHSM54M(DGT)/F-BH 1722*1134*30
CHSM54N(DGT)/F-BH
CHSM54M(DG)/F-HC
CHSM54N(DG)/F-HC
+5400Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (990mm

holes),guide rail coincides long side frame

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

CHSM60M(DG)/F-BH
CHSM60N(DG)/F-BH Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (990mm holes),
CHSM60M(DGT)/F-BH guide rails vertical long side frame
1755*1038*30
CHSM60N(DGT)/F-BH
CHSM60M(DG)/F-HC
CHSM60N(DG)/F-HC

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (990mm

holes),guide rail coincides long side frame

16
 Table 2 (Renewal)

Module type Module size L*W*H (mm) Installation diagram Load value

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1100mm holes),

guide rails vertical long side frame
1903*1134*30
1908*1134*30

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

CHSM60M(DG)/F-BH
Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1100mm
CHSM60N(DG)/F-BH
holes),guide rail coincides long side frame
CHSM60M(DGT)/F-BH
CHSM60N(DGT)/F-BH
CHSM60N(DG)/F-HC

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1400mm holes),

guide rails vertical long side frame
2172*1303*35

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1400mm

holes),guide rail coincides long side frame

17
 Table 2 (Renewal)

Module size L*W*H Load

Module type Installation diagram
(mm) value

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1400mm holes), guide rails
vertical long side frame
CHSM66M(DG)/F-BH 2384*1303*35

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1400mm holes),guide rail

coincides long side frame

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

CHSM48N(DGT)/F-BH
Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1300mm holes), guide rails
CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH
2094*1038*30 vertical long side frame
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH
2094*1038*35
CHSM72M(DGT)/F-BH
CHSM72N(DGT)/F-BH

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1300mm holes),guide rail

coincides long side frame

18
 Table 2 (Renewal)

Module type Module size L*W*H (mm) Installation diagram Load value

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

CHSM48N(DGT)/F-BH
Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1400mm holes),
CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH 2256*1133*35
guide rails vertical long side frame
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH 2278*1134*30
CHSM72M(DGT)/F-BH 2278*1134*35
CHSM72N(DGT)/F-BH

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1400mm

holes),guide rail coincides long side frame

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1500mm holes),

CHSM78M(DG)/F-BH 2465*1134*30 guide rails vertical long side frame
CHSM78N(DG)/F-BH 2465*1134*35

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1500mm

holes),guide rail coincides long side frame
(Note: For other installation methods and load capacity not listed in the table, please contact Astronergy for
confirmation.)

19
 Table 3 Range of clamp mounting and corresponding mechanical load value

Refer to
Refer to
Refer to Figure Figure 6
Module size Refer to Figure 4 for Figure 5 for
Module type 3for installation for
L*W*H (mm) installation method installation
method installation
method
method

CHSM54N(DGT)(BLH)/F-BH
CHSM54M(DG)/F-BH +1800Pa +1200Pa
+3600Pa +5400Pa
CHSM54N(DG)/F-BH -1800Pa -1200Pa
-2400Pa -2400Pa
CHSM54M(DGT)/F-BH 1722*1134*30 Installation Installation
Installation scope Installation scope
CHSM54N(DGT)/F-BH scope scope
266~466mm 266~466mm
CHSM54M(DG)/F-HC 150~250mm 0~250mm
CHSM54N(DG)/F-HC
+1800Pa
+3600Pa +5400Pa
-1800Pa
CHSM60M(DG)/F-BH -2400Pa -2400Pa
1755*1038*30 Installation ---
CHSM60M(DGT)/F-BH Installation scope Installation scope
scope
1/4L±50mm 1/4L±50mm
150~250mm
CHSM60M(DG)/F-BH +1800Pa +900Pa
+3600Pa +5400Pa
CHSM60N(DG)/F-BH -1800Pa -450Pa
-2400Pa -2400Pa
CHSM60M(DGT)/F-BH 1908*1134*30 Installation Installation
Installation scope Installation scope
CHSM60N(DGT)/F-BH scope scope
320~520mm 320~520mm
CHSM60N(DG)/F-HC 150~250mm 0~250mm
+1800Pa
+3600Pa +5400Pa
-1800Pa
CHSM60M(DG)/F-BH -2400Pa -2400Pa
2172*1303*35 Installation ---
CHSM60M(DGT)/F-BH Installation scope Installation scope
scope
375~425mm 375~425mm
150~250mm
+3600Pa +5400Pa
-2400Pa -2400Pa
CHSM66M(DG)/F-BH 2384*1303*35 --- ---
Installation scope Installation scope
450~550mm 450~550mm
+5400Pa
+3600Pa/-2400Pa
CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH -2400Pa
2094*1038*30 Installation scope --- ---
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH Installation scope
1/4L±50mm
1/4L±50mm
+5400Pa
CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH +3600Pa/-2400Pa
2256*1133*35 -2400Pa
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH Installation scope --- ---
2278*1134*35 Installation scope
CHSM72M(DGT)/F-BH 400~500mm
400~500mm
CHSM72N(DGT)/F-BH
2278*1134*30 +3600Pa/-2400Pa +5400Pa --- ---

20
 Installation scope -2400Pa
430~530mm Installation scope
430~530mm
+5400Pa
CHSM78M(DG)/F-BH 2465*1134*35 -2400Pa
--- --- ---
CHSM78N(DG)/F-BH 2465*1134*30 Installation scope
480~530mm
(Note: For other installation methods and load capacity not listed in the table, please contact Astronergy for
confirmation.)

5.3.3 Tracking bracket

The bolts and clamps used for the installation of the tracking bracket shall comply with the requirements of 5.3.1

and 5.3.2

Table 4 Installation diagram of the tracking bracket and corresponding mechanical load values

Location Outer
Mounting
Module size of diameter of Load
Installation method Module type hole spacing
L*W*H (mm) mountin flat gasket value
（mm）
g holes （mm）

A1-A3:400
A1、A2、 +2100Pa
CHSM66M(DG)/F-BH 2384*1303*35 B1-B3:/ 16
A3、A4 -2100Pa
C1-C3:1400

A1、A2、 +2100Pa
A3、A4 -2100Pa
CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH
A1-A3:400
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH 2278*1134*30
B1-B3:/ 16
CHSM72M(DGT)/F-BH 2278*1134*35
1P Tracking bracket C1-C3:1400
CHSM72N(DGT)/F-BH
C1、C2、 3200Pa
C3、C4 -2400Pa

21
 A1-A3:400
CHSM78M(DG)/F-BH 2465*1134*30 A1、A2、 +1800Pa
B1-B3:1200 16
CHSM78N(DG)/F-BH 2465*1134*35 A3、A4 -1800Pa
C1-C3:1500

C1、C2、 +1600pa
A3、A4 -1200pa

CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH
A1-A3:400
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH 2278*1134*30
B1-B3:无 16
CHSM72M(DGT)/F-BH 2278*1134*35
C1-C3:1400
CHSM72N(DGT)/F-BH
C1、C2、 +2600pa
C3、C4 -2200pa

2P Tracking bracket
(Note: For other installation methods and load capacity not listed in the table, please contact Astronergy for
confirmation.)

of Isc marked on the module should be multiplied by

6 Electrical Installation 1.25, and Voc on the module should be multiplied by a
correction factor (see table 5 below) when determining
6.1 Electrical characteristics
component ratings and capacities. Depending on your
Module electrical ratings are measured under Standard local regulations, an additional 1.25 multiplier for the
Test Conditions(STC: 1000W/m2 irradiance, AM1.5 Isc(giving a total multiplier of 1.56) may be applicable
spectrum and a cell temperature of 25°C). Please refer when sizing conductors and fuses.
to the datasheet or the product nameplate for the main
Table 5 Correction factor of Voc at low temperature
electrical characteristics, maximum system voltage and
tolerance of Isc, Voc and Pmpp. Lowest Estimated Ambient Correction factor

Temperature(℃)
Under certain conditions, the output current and/or
voltage of the PV module may be higher than the value 24 ~ 20 1.02
under standard testing conditions. Therefore, the value

22
 19 ~ 15 1.04 Where: N is the number of PV modules in a single
string. Voc is the open-circuit voltage of each PV
14 ~ 10 1.06
module (refer to the nameplate or product datasheet).
9~5 1.08
！ATTENTION
4~0 1.10
Depending on the maximum fuse ratings of the PV
-1 ~ -5 1.12
module, and the local electrical installation standards,
-6 ~ -10 1.14
the connection of parallel strings of PV modules needs
-11 ~ -15 1.16 to be equipped with suitable fuses or preventive diodes
for circuit protection purposes.
-16 ~ -20 1.18

-21 ~ -25 1.20 Electrical calculations and design must be performed

by a competent engineer or consultant.
-26 ~ -30 1.21

-31 ~ -35 1.23 6.2 Electrical connection

-36 ~ -40 1.25

To ensure the normal operation of the system, make
sure the polarity of cables is correct when connecting
Alternatively, a more accurate correction factor for the
modules or loads, such as inverters and batteries. If the
Voc can be calculated using the following formula:
PV module is not connected correctly, the bypass
diode may be damaged. Fig. 11 shows how the PV
Cvoc=1-αVoc x（25-Tmin）
modules are connected in series and parallel. PV
modules can be wired in series to boost the voltage.
Where: Cvoc is the correction factor of Voc. αVoc (%/°C) Series connections are made by connecting the wire

is the open-circuit voltage temperature coefficient of from the positive terminal of one module to the

the selected module (refer to corresponding datasheet). negative terminal of the next module. PV modules can

Tmin(°C) is the expected lowest ambient temperature at be wired in parallel to increase the current by

the system installation site. connecting the positive terminal of one module to the
positive terminal of the next module. If a module is not
The string voltage must not be higher than the connected correctly, the bypass diode may be
maximum system voltage, as well as the maximum damaged.
input voltage of the inverter and other electrical
equipment installed in the system. To ensure the above
requirements, the open-circuit voltage of the string
needs to be calculated using the following formula:

Maximum system voltage≥N*Voc* Cvoc

23
 module. Be aware that if there are two or more
strings parallelly connected, there must be an
overcurrent protection device on each string.

 PV modules with different electrical performance

models cannot be connected in one string.

 The system shall use special cables and connectors

for PV system and ensure that all connections are
securely fastened. The cable must be 4mm2 (i.e. 12
AWG) and withstand the maximum possible
open-circuit voltage of the PV system.

 When fixing the cable to the rack, it is necessary to

avoid mechanical damage to the cable or to the PV
module. Do not press the cable hard. To secure the
cable to the rack in the proper way, specially
Fig. 11 Schematic diagram of electrical connection designed UV-resistant coils and cable clips must be
used. Avoid direct sunlight and water soaking to the
！ATTENTION
cable.

 If one PV module string (or PV array) is connected

 Keep the connectors dry and clean and make sure
to another with opposite polarity, irreversible
that the nuts on the connectors are tightened before
damage can be caused to the PV module product.
connecting them. Do not connect the connectors
Be sure to confirm the voltage and polarity of each
when they are damp, contaminated or in other bad
string before making a parallel connection. If
conditions. Avoid exposing connectors to direct
measurements reveal opposite polarity or a voltage
sunlight and soaking in water. Avoid the connectors
difference greater than 10V between the strings,
falling on the ground or the roof. Do not plug or
check their structural configuration before
unplug the connectors when the PV module is in
proceeding with the connection.
live state. When it is necessary to remove the
connectors, ensure that the PV module is not in
 The number of modules connected in series and
working condition and that professional unlocking
parallel should be reasonably designed according to
tools and safety measures are used. Direct dragging
the system configuration. And if you have any
and pulling is forbidden.
questions, please contact the manufacturer

 The junction box of the PV module contains bypass

 In case there is a reverse current exceeding the fuse
diodes connected in parallel to the string of the PV
current rating, an overcurrent protection device of
module. The bypass diode in the junction box
the same specification must be used to protect the

24
 prevents module degradation due to shading or  The grounding requirements must be checked in
covering. Refer to the junction box diode accordance with the applicable regulations and
specification provided in the relevant product standards before work is started.
datasheet for more details. I When the localized hot
 Use the marked 5.5 mm grounding holes to ground
spot phenomenon occurs in the PV module due to
the anodized frame. Use one M5 nut, two M5 cut
partial shading or coverage, the diode in the
washers, one M5 plain washer, one M5 spring
junction box will start to work, so that the module
washer, and one M5 bolt and the copper wire. All
current will no longer flow through the hot spot cell,
nuts, bolts, and washers shall be of type M5 and
so as to limit the heat and loss of the PV module.
made of stainless steel (Fig. 18).
When a diode failure is suspected or found, please
contact Astronergy and do not attempt to open the
 Insert the bolt through the cup washer and wrap the
junction box cover.
copper wire around the bolt. (Note that the copper
wire cannot be attached directly to the aluminum.)
6.3 Grounding

 Insert the bolt through the cut washer and then

The PV modules are designed with an anodised,
through the hole in the aluminum frame.
corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy frame as a rigid
support. To ensure safety and to avoid lightning strikes
 Add the spring washer and nut on the other side of
and electrostatic damage to the PV modules, the PV
the bolt and tighten to secure all parts. The
module frame must be earthed. The earthing device
tightening torque should be 4~4.5N•m.
must be in full contact with the interior of the
aluminum alloy of the frame, penetrating the surface ！ATTENTION
oxide film.The following is the specific grounding
 Use UL-467 certified bonding and grounding
method, as shown in Fig. 12.
devices, including Burndy (formerly Wiley
Electronics) Washer Electrical Equipment Bonding
(WEEB) and similar devices, such as barbed
washers, that meet the requirements of UL-467 and
is suitable for electrical bonding and grounding of
PV modules.

 Other grounding methods may be used when the

racking system is tested following the UL 2703
requirements.

 Do not drill any additional grounding hole on the

frame of the modules. The frame rails have
pre-drilled holes marked with a grounding sign.
Fig. 12 Grounding the aluminum frame with copper wire

25
 These holes should be used for grounding purposes electric shock or personal injury.
and should not be used for mounting the modules.
Take routine maintenance to keep PV modules free of
7 Maintenance snow, bird droppings, seeds, pollen, leaves, branches,
dust, stains, etc.
PV modules must be inspected and maintained
regularly, especially during the warranty period, which 7.2 PV module cleaning
is the responsibility of the user. This helps to find and
If the PV module has a sufficient angle of tilt (at least
figure out problems in time and ensure the safe and
15°), it is generally not necessary to clean the PV
effective operation of the PV system.
module (as the rainfall will provide a self-cleaning
7.1 Routine Inspection effect). If there is a large accumulation of dirt on the
PV module surface that has seriously affected the
PV modules in PV arrays should be inspected regularly
power production, the module can be rinsed with water
for damages, such as glass breakage, cable breakage,
without detergent, and use a gentle sponge or brush to
junction box damage, cell cracks, and backsheet
clean the surface during the cooler hours of the day.
breakage and other factors that cause functional and
Dust must not be scraped or wiped off under dry
safety failures of PV modules. If any of the above
conditions as this may result in tiny scuff marks. For
problems occurs, the supplier should be notified to
snow removal, the PV module surface can be cleaned
replace the broken module with a new one of the same
with a brush with soft bristles.
type in time.
For more details on cleaning and maintenance, please
It is recommended to perform preventive inspection refer to the PV Module Cleaning Manual. .
every 6 months and not to replace the components of
PV modules without authorization. When conducting
inspection or maintenance in term of the electrical and
mechanical performance, it is recommended that
qualified professionals perform the work to avoid

26
Modified version and date
·Rev 1.0, released in September 2022.

·Rev 1.1, released in January 2023.

·Rev 1.2, released in June 2023.

GLOBAL SERVICE CENTERS

Chint New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.

Add: No. 1 Jisheng Road,Jianshan New Zone Haining 314415 Zhejiang P.R. China

www.astro-energy.com/

27