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Module 3

DISASTER AWARENESS, PREPAREDNESS AND MANAGEMENT

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
21 views7 pages

Module 3

DISASTER AWARENESS, PREPAREDNESS AND MANAGEMENT

Uploaded by

Vince Roi Fanoy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MODULE 3

DISASTER AWARENESS, PREPAREDNESS AND


MANAGEMENT

Learning outcome:
At the end of this module, the students can:
Explain how the environment becomes at risk which may make it detrimental to
peoples’ lives.

Objective:
1. Define risk reduction and risk management.
2. Enumerate ways and means to prevent disaster.

CONCEPT

In the implementation of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management, the NSTP shall be
guided with reference from: Republic Act 9163

Section 11. The creation of the National Service Reserve Corps – There is hereby
created a National Service Reserve Corps, to be composed of the graduates of the non-
ROTC components. Members of this corps may be tapped by the state for literacy and
civic welfare activities through the joint effort of the DND, CHED, and TESDA.

Republic Act 10121

Section 13. Accreditation, Mobilization and Protection of Disaster Volunteers and


National Service Reserve Corps, CSOs and the Private Sector. – The government
agencies, CSOs, private sector and LGUs may mobilize individuals or organized
volunteers to augment their respective personnel complement and logistical
requirements in the delivery of disaster risk reduction program and activities. The
agencies, CSOs, private sector and LGUs concerned shall take full responsibility for the
enhancement, welfare and protection of volunteers, and shall submit the lists of
volunteers to the OCD, through the LDRRMOs for accreditation and conclusion in the
database of community disaster volunteers.

A national roster of ACDVs, National Service Reserve Corps, CSOs and the private
sector shall be maintained by the OCD through the LDRRMOs. Accreditation shall be
done at the municipal level.

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Mobilization of volunteers shall be in accordance with the guidelines to be formulated by
the NDRRMC consistent with the provisions of this Act. Any volunteer who incurs death
or injury while engaged in any of the activities defined under this Act shall be entitled to
compensatory benefits and individual personnel accident insurance as may be defined
under the guidelines.

Introduction to Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

The Philippines is located in the Circum-Pacific belt of fire and typhoon. This being so,
the country has always been subjected to natural disaster and calamities anytime of the
year, in whatever part of the country, we have been experiencing yearly natural
calamities – floods, typhoons, tornadoes, earthquakes, drought, tsunamis and volcanic
eruptions which have brought incessant miseries to our people, loss of lives properties.

In the mid-seventies and eighties, strong typhoons and torrential rains brought
devastation to Manila and large areas of central Luzon. The 1990 killer earthquake that
hit several Luzon provinces as well as Metro Manila and the effects of the 1991 Mt.
Pinatubo eruption had put the National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC) in the
forefront.

To enhance the people’s preparedness and ensure precision and spontaneity in


responding to emergencies or catastrophes, the NDCC, together with the concerned
agencies conduct regular mobilization exercises and drills at all levels with the
participation of the private agencies concerned and the non-government organization.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Here are the terminologies often used in disaster response and rescue operations:

• CALAMITY – refers to a situation that is associated with catastrophic events where a


number of persons are plunged with hardship and suffering that are caused by problems
like shortage of food, clothing, medical care and other basic necessities.

• DISASTERS – are progressive or sudden events brought about by natural or human-


induced hazards that cause losses and sufferings to consequence of which results to
people and communities undertaking extra- ordinary measures to cope with their
impacts.

• DISASTER CONTROL – refers to the act of limiting the effect of disaster through the
introduction of measures designed to prepare the inhabitants before, during and after a
disaster.

• DISASTER MANAGEMENT – the efficient and effective utilization of resources and the
application of measure that will mitigate the impact of unfortunate events and facilitate
return to normalcy and redevelopment.

• FLOOD – a state or condition when water overflows from natural waterways caused by
heavy rainfall resulting in the water accumulation in low lying areas.

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• HAZARDS – are natural or man-induced phenomena or activities, the presence of
which poses a threat to people’s lives, limbs, properties and socio-economic conditions.

• NATIOANAL DISASTER COORDINATING COUNCIL – the highest government body


responsible in advising the President of the country on the status of disaster
preparedness program and disaster relief and rehabilitation effort at the national level.

• POLLUTION – refers to any discharge of liquid, solid substance or gases into land, soil,
waters, atmosphere, air or space which will create or render such environmental
elements and atmospheric air harmful or detrimental or injurious to human beings,
animals, plants and the nature’s environment and ecological balance.

• RADIO ACTIVE FALL-OUT – dust particles of Earth and debris, together with the
radioactive materials that cling to them and are drawn up into mushroom clouds resulting
from detonation of a nuclear weapon or devise and which are carried by the wind and
sent back to earth.

• REHABILITATION – refers to the restoration of a person’s economic dependency to a


stable living either physically, economically, socially or emotionally.

• RELIEF – refers to anything that is done to alleviate the condition of those who are
suffering from the effects of a calamity/disaster and who at that particular time are
completely helpless.

• RISKS – refers to the degree or chance and frequency that such hazards will affect or
impact people and communities.

• SPACE DEBRIS – these are remains of artificial satellites and other components as
well as their means of carriage aloft which fall back to earth.

• STATE OF CALAMITY – it is a condition that is declared by the President of the


country in the event of a widespread destruction to property and lives due to destructive
forces of nature and emergencies.

• VOLCANIC ERUPTION – an occurrence characterized by an ejection of volcanic


materials such as molten lava, rock fragments, ashes, lahar flow, steam and other gases
through the fissure brought about the tremendous pressure which forces open the rock
formation or steam reservoirs beneath the Earth’s crust.

• VULNERABILITY – the level of susceptibility or resiliency of the people and


communities against the impact of the prevailing hazards based on the state of physical,
social, and economic conditions in a given area.

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THE DISASTER EQUATION AND THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

Disaster is characterized by several elements namely hazards, risk, people or


community and vulnerability.

 Hazards (H). Physical impact of the disturbance


 Risk (R). Likelihood of harm, loss, disaster
 People or Community (Exposure). Elements affected by hazard
 Vulnerability (V). Susceptibility and capacity to prepare, absorb, and recovery
from hazard
Equations as shown below:
a. Pre-Disaster Risk Reduction Phase
• Preparedness
• Development
• Mitigation

b. Post-Disaster Recovery Phase


• Response
• Rehabilitation
• Recovery

Rationale for Risk Management

1. The comprehensive risk management process has the potential to break the
cycle of damage and reconstruction when a community is subjected to repeated
natural hazards. It refers to a range of policies, legislative mandates, professional
practices, social, structural and non- structural adjustments and risk transfer
mechanisms to prevent, reduce or minimize the effects of hazards on a
community.

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2. To be effective, a strategy must be in place and ready for immediate
implementation when necessary.
3. This can only be done through advance preparation and planning.

Disaster Risk Management objectives


1. Reduce vulnerabilities in the community.
2. When sustained over a long term, reduce unacceptable risk to acceptable levels
and make the community become disaster resistant/resilient.

Disaster risk management refers to a range of:

1. Policies
2. Legislative mandates
3. Professional practices
4. Social, structural and non-structural adjustments
5. Risk transfer mechanism to prevent, reduce or minimize the effects of hazards on a
community

The following are Risk Management Measures:


a. Engineering measures (keep hazard away from people).
b. Land use planning and management measures (Keep people away from hazard).
c. Control and protection works (modifying the hazard).
d. Early warning (predicting hazard)
e. Preparedness planning (prepare in anticipation of a hazard event).
f. Reconstruction planning after a disaster with the aim of reducing the vulnerability.
g. Mainstreaming risk management in development practice and institutionalization

CONGRATULATIONS! YOU CAN NOW PROCEED


TO THE NEXT MODULE AFTER THIS…

Activity 3
In your own words answer the following:

1. What is the difference between disaster risk reduction and management? (10 pts.)

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2. Make a list of how you can prevent disaster in the environment. (10 pts.)

3. How does the environment become at risk which makes it detrimental to peoples’
lives? (15 pts.)

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Reflection

Write a reflection on why some places are always visited by typhoons, and how can you
help ease their sufferings?

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_________________________________________________

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__________________

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