Module 3
Module 3
Learning outcome:
At the end of this module, the students can:
Explain how the environment becomes at risk which may make it detrimental to
peoples’ lives.
Objective:
1. Define risk reduction and risk management.
2. Enumerate ways and means to prevent disaster.
CONCEPT
In the implementation of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management, the NSTP shall be
guided with reference from: Republic Act 9163
Section 11. The creation of the National Service Reserve Corps – There is hereby
created a National Service Reserve Corps, to be composed of the graduates of the non-
ROTC components. Members of this corps may be tapped by the state for literacy and
civic welfare activities through the joint effort of the DND, CHED, and TESDA.
A national roster of ACDVs, National Service Reserve Corps, CSOs and the private
sector shall be maintained by the OCD through the LDRRMOs. Accreditation shall be
done at the municipal level.
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Mobilization of volunteers shall be in accordance with the guidelines to be formulated by
the NDRRMC consistent with the provisions of this Act. Any volunteer who incurs death
or injury while engaged in any of the activities defined under this Act shall be entitled to
compensatory benefits and individual personnel accident insurance as may be defined
under the guidelines.
The Philippines is located in the Circum-Pacific belt of fire and typhoon. This being so,
the country has always been subjected to natural disaster and calamities anytime of the
year, in whatever part of the country, we have been experiencing yearly natural
calamities – floods, typhoons, tornadoes, earthquakes, drought, tsunamis and volcanic
eruptions which have brought incessant miseries to our people, loss of lives properties.
In the mid-seventies and eighties, strong typhoons and torrential rains brought
devastation to Manila and large areas of central Luzon. The 1990 killer earthquake that
hit several Luzon provinces as well as Metro Manila and the effects of the 1991 Mt.
Pinatubo eruption had put the National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC) in the
forefront.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Here are the terminologies often used in disaster response and rescue operations:
• DISASTER CONTROL – refers to the act of limiting the effect of disaster through the
introduction of measures designed to prepare the inhabitants before, during and after a
disaster.
• DISASTER MANAGEMENT – the efficient and effective utilization of resources and the
application of measure that will mitigate the impact of unfortunate events and facilitate
return to normalcy and redevelopment.
• FLOOD – a state or condition when water overflows from natural waterways caused by
heavy rainfall resulting in the water accumulation in low lying areas.
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• HAZARDS – are natural or man-induced phenomena or activities, the presence of
which poses a threat to people’s lives, limbs, properties and socio-economic conditions.
• POLLUTION – refers to any discharge of liquid, solid substance or gases into land, soil,
waters, atmosphere, air or space which will create or render such environmental
elements and atmospheric air harmful or detrimental or injurious to human beings,
animals, plants and the nature’s environment and ecological balance.
• RADIO ACTIVE FALL-OUT – dust particles of Earth and debris, together with the
radioactive materials that cling to them and are drawn up into mushroom clouds resulting
from detonation of a nuclear weapon or devise and which are carried by the wind and
sent back to earth.
• RELIEF – refers to anything that is done to alleviate the condition of those who are
suffering from the effects of a calamity/disaster and who at that particular time are
completely helpless.
• RISKS – refers to the degree or chance and frequency that such hazards will affect or
impact people and communities.
• SPACE DEBRIS – these are remains of artificial satellites and other components as
well as their means of carriage aloft which fall back to earth.
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THE DISASTER EQUATION AND THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE
1. The comprehensive risk management process has the potential to break the
cycle of damage and reconstruction when a community is subjected to repeated
natural hazards. It refers to a range of policies, legislative mandates, professional
practices, social, structural and non- structural adjustments and risk transfer
mechanisms to prevent, reduce or minimize the effects of hazards on a
community.
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2. To be effective, a strategy must be in place and ready for immediate
implementation when necessary.
3. This can only be done through advance preparation and planning.
1. Policies
2. Legislative mandates
3. Professional practices
4. Social, structural and non-structural adjustments
5. Risk transfer mechanism to prevent, reduce or minimize the effects of hazards on a
community
Activity 3
In your own words answer the following:
1. What is the difference between disaster risk reduction and management? (10 pts.)
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2. Make a list of how you can prevent disaster in the environment. (10 pts.)
3. How does the environment become at risk which makes it detrimental to peoples’
lives? (15 pts.)
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Reflection
Write a reflection on why some places are always visited by typhoons, and how can you
help ease their sufferings?
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