SCIENCE 7

Second Quarter- Module 3

PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS

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 7

Science
QUARTER 2
Module 3: Plant and
Animal Cells
(Week 4)

FLORIDA M. RAZONABLE
Teacher III
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 What I Need to Know

All organisms, big or small consist of cells. Some organisms are single-
celled, composed of only one cell. Others are multicellular, possessing many
cells that work together to form an organism. The moss plant for example, may
be made up of hundreds or thousands of cells. Your body has billions of cells
while very large animals like elephants have trillions.
This module has one lesson.
Lesson 1: Plant and Animal Cells
MELCs:
1. Differentiate plant and animal cells according to presence or absence of
certain organelles.
2. Explain why the cell is considered the basic structural and functional
unit of all organisms.
In this module, you will study plant and animal cells, their parts
and functions.

Are all cells the same?

If not, in what ways are they different?

What I Know

Multiple Choice: Read each item carefully. Use a separate sheet of paper for your
answers..
1. What organelle is responsible in regulating the entrance and exit of substances
inside the cell and also provides support and protection?
A. nucleus C. cell wall
B. ribosome D. cell membrane
2. Which organelle would you expect to find in a plant cell but not in animal cell?
A. ribosome C. mitochondria
B. chloroplast D. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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3. What is the primary function of the cell wall?
A. builds proteins
B. takes in carbon dioxide.
C. converts solar energy to chemical energy
D. to protect and provide support for the cell
4. What is the function of the cell membrane?
A. Converts solar energy to chemical energy.
B. A rigid cover that provides support for cell.
C. A thin flexible barrier around the cell that regulates transport.
D. The place where light energy, water, and carbon dioxide are used.
5. What organelle controls most of the cell processes and contains the genetic
information of DNA.
A. mitochondria B. chloroplast C. nucleus D. nucleolus
6. Which of the following parts allow different activities of the cell to happen?
A. cytoplasm B. lysosome C. vesicle D. vacuole
7. Which of the following plant cell parts is not found in onion cells?
A. chloroplast B. cell wall C. vacuole D. mitochondrion
8. Organelles that sort, modify, package and distribute cell products to where they are
needed.
A. Golgi bodies C. Lysosome
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum D. Endoplasmic reticulum
9. It has attached ribosomes that manufacture protein.
A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum C. Ribosome
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum D. Endoplasmic reticulum
10. It is consisting of a jelly-like substance where all the other parts of the cell are
located.
A. cytoplasm C. centrioles
B. organelles D. ribosomes

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 Lesson

1 Plant and Animal Cells

What’s In

Good day students! Have you ever wondered how does a plant and animal cell
look like? You have learned on your previous lesson on how to use a microscope.
This time, you will learn the parts of the plant and animal cells. Are they both
eukaryotic cells? Does the plant cell have the same components like the animal cell?

What’s New

Activity 1
Comparing plant and animal cells

Objectives
After doing this activity, you should be able to:
1. identify parts of the cell;
2. describe plant and animal cells;
3. differentiate plant cells from animal cells;
4. construct a Venn Diagram to show parts that are common to both
and parts that are only found in either plant or animal cells.

Materials Needed
• sheet of paper
• ballpen or pencil

(Illustrations in Figures 1 and 2)

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Procedure
1. Study closely Figures 1 and 2. These are diagrammatic
presentations of plant and animal cells and their parts.

Figure 1. Parts of a plant cell

Figure 2. Parts of an animal cell

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 Q1. Compare the shape of a plant cell with that of an animal cell as
shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Q2. Which cell parts are found in both cells?
Q3. Which are present only in animal cells?
Q4. Which are present only in plant cells?

What is It

Both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic, so they contain membrane-bound
organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria.
However, plant cells and animal cells do not look exactly the same or have all of
the same organelles, since they each have different needs. For example, plant cells
contain chloroplasts since they need to perform photosynthesis, but animal cells do
not.
Diagram of a typical animal cell:

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Diagram of a typical plant cell:

• Both animal and plant cells have mitochondria, but only plant cells have
chloroplasts. Plants don’t get their sugar from eating food, so they need to
make sugar from sunlight. This process (photosynthesis) takes place in the
chloroplast. Once the sugar is made, it is then broken down by the
mitochondria to make energy for the cell. Because animals get sugar from the
food they eat, they do not need chloroplasts: just mitochondria.
• Both plant and animal cells have vacuoles. A plant cell contains a large,
singular vacuole that is used for storage and maintaining the shape of the cell.
In contrast, animal cells have many, smaller vacuoles.
• Plant cells have a cell wall, as well as a cell membrane. In plants, the cell
wall surrounds the cell membrane. This gives the plant cell its unique
rectangular shape. Animal cells simply have a cell membrane, but no cell wall.
• All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane. The cell membrane is
semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking
others. It is composed of a double layer of phospholipids and embedded
proteins. Plant cells have an additional layer surrounding them called the cell
wall. The cell wall is made of nonliving material called cellulose. The
centrosome (also called the "microtubule organizing center") is a small body
located near the nucleus. The centrosome is where microtubules are made.

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 During cell division (mitosis), the centrosome divides and the two parts move
to opposite sides of the dividing cell. The centriole is the dense center of the
centrosome. Only animal cells have centrosomes. Microtubules are shaped like
soda straws and give the nucleus and cell its shape.
• The nucleus in the center of a cell is a spherical body containing the nucleolus
that makes ribosomes. The nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell
(by controlling protein synthesis). It also contains DNA assembled into
chromosomes. The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane.
Materials can move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through nuclear pores in
the membrane around the nucleus. Cytoplasm is the jellylike material
outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located. All cells, even
prokaryotes contain small bodies called ribosomes. Proteins are made here by
a process called protein synthesis.
• Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) is a vast system of interconnected,
membranous, infolded and convoluted sacks that are located in the cell's
cytoplasm. The ER is continuous with the outer nuclear membrane. Rough
ER is covered with ribosomes that give it a rough appearance. Rough ER
transports materials through the cell and produces proteins in sacks called
cistern which are sent to the Golgi body, or inserted into the cell membrane.
The Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex is a flattened, layered, sac-like organelle
that looks like a stack of pancakes. The Golgi body modifies & packages
proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for "export" from
the cell. Smooth ER does NOT have ribosomes on its surface. It makes
proteins and lipids that will be exported by the cell. It also controls the
Calcium level in muscles and detoxifies poisons, alcohol, and drugs.
• Chloroplasts are elongated or disc-shaped organelles containing chlorophyll
that trap sunlight for energy. Photosynthesis (in which energy from sunlight is
converted into chemical energy - food) takes place in the chloroplasts. Only
plant cells, not animal cells, can make their own food. Cells also contain fluid-
filled sacs called vacuoles. The vacuole fills with food being digested and waste
material that is on its way out of the cell. In plant cells, a large central
vacuole takes up most of the space in the cell. Mitochondria are spherical to
rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. The inner membrane is

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 infolded many times, forming a series of projections called cristae. The
mitochondrion converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP (adenosine
triphosphate) for the cell. Both plant and animal cells have double membranes
and their own DNA. Cells also contain spherical organelles called lysosomes
that contain digestive enzymes. Nutrients are digested by the cell here, as
well as, old cell organelles that are going to be recycled.

What’s More

A Venn Diagram shows relationships between and among sets or

groups of objects that have something in common. It uses two circles that
overlap with one another. The common things are found in the overlapping
area, while the differences are in the non-overlapping areas.
Using the information you have gathered from Figures 1 and 2,
construct a Venn diagram of plant and animal cells on a sheet of paper.
Label the overlapping and non-overlapping areas.

Plant Cells Animal Cells

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 What I Have Learned
Complete the sentences below using the words in the box. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

Cells Trillions Multicellular Mitochondria Chloroplasts

Single-celled Billions Eukaryotic Nucleus Photosynthesis

All organisms, big or small consist of (1)_____. Some organisms are

(2)__________, composed of only one cell. Others are (3)__________, possessing
many cells that work together to form an organism. The moss plant for
example, may be made up of hundreds or thousands cells. Your body has
(4)________ of cells while very large animals like elephants have (5) _________.
Both plant and animal cells are (6) __________, so they contain
membrane-bound organelles like the (7)_________ and (8) ___________.
However, plant cells and animal cells do not look exactly the same or have all of
the same organelles, since they each have different needs. For example, plant cells
contain (9) ____________ since they need to perform (10) ________________, but animal
cells do not.

What I Can Do
Direction: Label the figures. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

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 Assessment

Multiple Choice: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer.
1. What level of organization does life begin?
A. Matter C.Cytoplasm
B. Cell D.Chlorophyll

2. What surrounds all cells?

A. Skin C.Cell wall
B. Rough ER D.Cell membrane
3. It is consist of a jelly-like substance where all the other parts of the cell are located.
A. cytoplasm C. centrioles
B. organelles D. ribosomes
4. It has attached ribosomes that manufacture protein.
A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum C. Ribosome
B Smooth endoplasmic reticulum D. Endoplasmic reticulum
5. Organelles that sort, modify, package and distribute cell products to where they are
needed.
A. Golgi bodies C. Lysosome
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum D. Endoplasmic reticulum
6. Which of the following plant cell parts is not found in onion cells?
A. chloroplast B. cell wall C. vacuole D. mitochondrion
7. Which of the following parts allow different activities of the cell to happen?
A. cytoplasm B. lysosome C. vesicle D. vacuole
8. What organelle controls most of the cell processes and contains the genetic
information of DNA.
A. mitochondria B. chloroplast C. nucleus D. nucleolus
9. What is the function of the cell membrane?
A. Converts solar energy to chemical energy.
B. A rigid cover that provides support for cell.
C. A thin flexible barrier around the cell that regulates transport.
D. The place where light energy, water, and carbon dioxide are used.

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10. What is the primary function of the cell wall?
A. builds proteins
B. takes in carbon dioxide.
C. converts solar energy to chemical energy
D. to protect and provide support for the cell
11. Which organelle would you expect to find in a plant cell but not in animal cell?
A. ribosome C. mitochondria
B. chloroplast D. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
12. What organelle is responsible in regulating the entrance and exit of substances
inside the cell and also provides support and protection?
A. nucleus C. cell wall
B. ribosome D. cell membrane
13. How is a plant similar to an animal?
A. Botch have nuclei, chloroplast and cytoplasm.
B. Both have cell walls, nuclei and cell membranes.
C. Both have nuclei, cytoplasm and cell membranes.
D. Both have cell walls, chloroplasts and cell membrane.
14. Which of the following statements about cells are TRUE?
a. A cell is the smallest unit of life.
b. Not all living things are made up of cells.
c. Different cells have different shapes and functions.
d. As an organism grows bigger, the cells in the body increase in size.
A. a and c C. a, b and d
B. c and d D. a, b, c and d
15. Which of the following structures can be found in ALL plant cells?
a. cell wall b. cell membrane c. cytoplasm d. chloroplast

A. b and c C. a, b and d
B. a, b and c D. a, b, c and d

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 Additional Activities

1. Copy the table on a separate sheet of paper. Put check if the part is present and put
x if the part is absent.
Structure Plant Cell Animal Cell
Cell wall
Plasma membrane
Chloroplast
Centriole
Nucleus

2. Using the different sources such as books or internet, explain why the cell is
considered the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms? The following
rubrics will be used in evaluating your written output.
Criteria 4-Expert 3- 2-Capable 1-Beginner
Accomplished
Scientific facts Presented 4 Presented 3 Presented 2 Presented 1
presented and scientific data scientific data scientific data scientific data
Organization relevant to relevant to relevant to relevant to
situation; situation; situation; situation;
provided in provided a very shown good provided poor
excellent write good write up effort in write write up
up up
Sound Judgement, Judgement, Judgement, Judgement,
Judgement Evaluation & Evaluation & Evaluation & Evaluation &
and Technicalities Technicalities Technicalities Technicalities
Assessment were excellent were very good were good were poor
based on data
presented

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 Answer Key

I. What I Know
1. D 5. C 9. B
2. B 6. A 10. A
3. D 7. D
4. C 8. A
II. What’s In
1. The shape of a plant cell is rectangular while animal cell is circular in shape.
2. Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, vacuole, golgi body,
lysosome, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum are cell parts found in
both cells.
3. Centriole is present only in animal cells.
4. Cell wall and chloroplast are parts present only in a plant cell.
III. What’s more

Cell membrane
Cytoplasms Animal Cell
Plant cell Nucleus centriole
chloroplast Mitochondria
Vacuole
cell wall
Golgi bodies
Lysosome
E.R.

IV. What I have learned.

1. Cells 5. Trillions 9. Chloroplast
2. Single celled 6. Eukaryotic 10. Photosynthesis
3. Multicellular 7. Mitochondria
4. Billions 8. Nucleus

V. What I can Do
a. Cell membrane d. vacuole g. centriole
b. Cell wall e. nucleus h. Mitochondria
c. Cytoplasm f. chloroplast

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VI. Assessment
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. A
5. A
6. D
7. A
8. C
9. C
10. D
11. B
12. D
13. C
14. A
15. D

VII. Additional Activities

1.
Structure Plant Cell Animal Cell
Cell wall ✓ x
Plasma membrane ✓ ✓
Chloroplast ✓ x
Centriole x ✓
Nucleus ✓ ✓

2. The answers of the learners may vary. (Refer to the rubrics in evaluating the written
outputs of the students)

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 Referenc

Books
_ _ _

"Science Learner’s Material." First Edition, 2017, by Department of

Education.Republic of the Philippines

“Science and Technology II” SEDP Series. First Edition, 1990

“Science and Technology – Biology” SD Publication, Inc.

Copyright 1997

“Science and Technelogy II – Biology Textbook” Reprint

Edition 2009

Internet Sources
_ _ _

Biology Dictionary. 2017.

https://biologydictionary.net/scientific-method/ (accessed
May 25, 2020).

Cliff Notes https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-

guides/biology/plant-biology/cells/generalized-plant-cell

Research Gate 2017,

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/1-Schematic-picture-of-animal-
cell-membranes-The-plasma-membrane-and-internal-
membranes_fig1_329278336

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Name: ________________________________________ Date: _________________
Grade level & Section: _______________________ Score: _______________

Title of the Activity: “CELL PARTS”

Most Essential Learning Competency: Differentiate plant and animal cells according
to presence or absence of certain organelles

K-12 BEC CG: S7LT-IId-4

Activity 1

I. Direction: Enumerate the parts of the cell. Write your answer on the table
provided.

ANIMAL CELL PLANT CELL

1. 6. 1. 6.
2. 7. 2. 7.
3. 8. 3. 8.
4. 9. 4. 9.
5. 10. 5. 10.

Activity II. Direction: Complete the table by writing the job/function of cell parts
indicated in left column.

CELL ORGANELLES JOB/FUNCTION

1. Cell membrane
2. Lysosome
3. Nucleus
4. Ribosomes
5. Cytoplasm
6. Vacuole
7. Mitochondrion
8. Golgi Body

Activity III. Answer the following questions:

1. What are the organelles that are found in plant cell but not in animal cell? (2 points)
___________________________________________________________________________

2. What are the organelles that are found in animal cell but not in plant cell? (2 points)
__________________________________________________________________________

3. Describe a cell. (1 point) 1 Point- Describes the features or functions of cell.

__________________________________________________________________________