Math f211 Mid Term Exam
Math f211 Mid Term Exam
Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Write all the steps clearly and give explanation for complete credit.
3 Number all the pages of your answer book and make a question-page index on the front page.
A penalty of 3 marks will be imposed in case of incomplete or no index.
4 Start a new question on a fresh page.
1. Convert the following differential equation into an equivalent first-order linear system and
hence solve the system [17]
2. Use the method of undetermined coefficients to solve the initial value problem [17]
3. Find a particular solution of the following differential equation by operators method [17]
4. Consider the second-order linear differential equation y ′′ + P (x)y ′ + Q(x)y = 0, where P (x)
and Q(x) are continuous functions in [a, b]. Let y1 (x) and y2 (x) be any two solutions of
this equation in [a, b]. Show that their Wronskian, denoted as W (y1 , y2 ), is either identically
zero or never zero on [a, b]. Hence, find the Wronskian of any two solutions of the equation
(1 − x2 )y ′′ − 2xy ′ + 6y = 0 on (−1, 1). [17]
5. Derive the condition under which the non-exact equation M (x, y)dx + N (x, y)dy = 0, has
an integrating factor that is a function of z = x + y 2 . Use it to find an integrating factor of
(3y 2 − x)dx + 2y(y 2 − 3x)dy = 0. [17]
6. Find the general solution of x2 y ′′′ + 3xy ′′ + y ′ = 0 where x > 0 by transforming it into a
second-order linear differential equation with constant coefficients. [15]
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