Journey Management Program Development
Journey Management Program Development
MANAGEMENT
A Program Development Guideline
EDITION » #2
REVISED » March 2019
RELEASE DATE » November 2019
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Contractors (CAGC) rather than act as a prescriptive solution.
• Canadian Association of Oilwell Drilling Recognizing that one solution is not
Contractors (CAODC) appropriate for all users and situations, it
• Canadian Association of Petroleum presents generally accepted guidelines that
Producers (CAPP) apply to industry situations, as well as
recommended practices that may suit a
• Canadian Energy Pipeline Association
company’s particular needs. While we
(CEPA)
believe that the information contained
• Explorers and Producers Association of herein is reliable under the conditions and
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• Petroleum Services Association of Safety Canada does not guarantee its
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Energy Safety Canada » Journey Management: A Program Development Guideline ii
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Energy Safety Canada » Journey Management: A Program Development Guideline 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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1.0 Regulations
Canada has a well-established occupational health and safety (OHS) regulatory framework.
OHS legislation defines the responsibilities of work parties to follow safe work practices.
Every one who undertakes, or has the authority, to direct how another person
does work or performs a task is under a legal duty to take reasonable steps to
prevent bodily harm to that person, or any other person, arising from that
work or task. (Canadian Criminal Code 217.1)
Drivers are legally required to ensure public safety on roadways and are subject to
the various penalties in provincial and federal legislation.
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2.0 Overview
Every journey should be managed in a way that optimizes safety and reduces risk. Companies
are encouraged to understand the need for and scope of journey management and develop a
program that is scaled and fit-for-purpose to their specific organization.
When comparing WCB data of fatalites in the Alberta oil and gas industry between
2014 and 2018, highway accidents are the leading cause of work-related death.
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Between 2014 and 2018, WCB data from the Alberta, British Columbia and
Saskatchewan oil and gas industry shows that, as a proportion of all oil and gas
workplace injuries, vehicle-related injuries comprise six per cent of all claims, 12
per cent of claim costs and nine per cent of days lost.
94% 91%
Claim Cost
12%
88%
All Vehicle
In addition, costs associated with vehicle-related injury claims over the same
period are 2.5 times greater than the average injury claim.
$15,000
Average Cost
$10,000
$5,000
$0
All Vehicle
The oil and gas industry recognizes journey management as an effective risk
management strategy for reducing vehicle incidents and developing plans to
respond when incidents happen.
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When evaluating the business case for journey management, companies are
encouraged to examine historical incidents, associated costs, regulatory
requirements and client/contractor expectations.
The latest injury statistics and reports on injuries in the oil and gas industry are
available on the Energy Safety Canada website at EnergySafetyCanada.com.
A JMP can apply to all levels of drivers within an organization. For commercial drivers,
consideration of other transport regulations, inspections and hours of service rules is
required. Additional consideration may be required for contractors in order to incorporate
contractor and sub-contractor journey management programs.
• Business travel
• Driving to/from work and home
• Driving to/from work site and camp/accommodation
Often, crews commute to and from operations in remote areas. This can add significant time
to both ends of a work shift and requires attention and understanding from all stakeholders
to manage the travel and fatigue risks.
Safety Policies
Safety policies should integrate principles of journey management and risk
assessment. Elements that should be considered include:
• Hazard management
• Distracted driving
• Working alone
• Fit for duty
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Consider tracking metrics for the overall performance of the program to measure
effectiveness and identify areas for improvement. Commonly tracked metrics are:
• Number of journeys
• Time of journey
• Number of low-/medium-/high-risk journeys
• Distance travelled
• Number of incidents
• Date/time of incidents
• Cost of incidents
• Driving infractions
• Missed check-ins
• The number of risk escalations (e.g. low to medium or medium to high)
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Assess Hazards
An assessment should be conducted to identify possible hazards that may harm
workers, their equipment and cargo, the surrounding environment and the public.
The hazard assessment should be structured to evaluate the probability of the
hazard as well as the severity of the potential outcomes. Definitions of hazard
levels should be developed to ensure a common understanding of risk.
Hazards should be assessed while completing the plan. It is important to record
specific details, including:
• Assessment date
• Assessor
• Type of vehicle
• Start point
• Endpoint
• Communication methods, including contact details
• Number of vehicles
• Number of passengers
• Inspections
Historical hazard registers may be used to capture specific details of hazards from
the past and used as a reference when planning journeys. A register may include
details such as:
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The type of vehicle must be suitable for the terrain, conditions and task.
The risk assessment may consider:
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Develop Controls
Once potential hazards are identified, controls should be developed that are
appropriate for each risk exposure. Risk controls can focus on:
• Eliminating the situation, condition or activity that generates the risk
• Reducing the probability of occurrence
• Mitigating the consequences
There are four basic types of controls, as illustrated in the hierarchy of controls
below.
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Driver controls are varied and can be tailored to the scope of the
company, however many controls are considered standard in the oil and
gas industry:
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Note: Consider the make-up of your organization’s fleet. In some cases, temporary
rental or contract vehicles are used in the execution of work and may not be
suitably equipped.
Approvals
Once the journey plan has been completed, and the controls applied, a residual
risk for the journey will always be present. Clearly define the criteria that align
with the evaluation and risk tolerance for your organization, along with an
escalation protocol for approval.
During the journey, it is expected that conditions and hazards will be re-evaluated
as they change. Journey management is dynamic, so it requires constant
monitoring of hazards and may require changes to the controls. The formal risk
evaluation is completed prior to departing, but en route the driver must
continuously re-evaluate and respond to changing hazards. It is essential that both
the organization and driver understand when risk identification passes the
threshold beyond which additional controls or approvals are needed.
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Drivers need to monitor risks and re-evaluate throughout the journey and follow
the management of change and approval processes according to their company-
specific criteria. Check-ins should occur with the designated contact on a regular
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The critical step with any of these systems is how to handle a missed check-in.
Typically after the check-in window has passed, attempts to contact the driver
should be made but, again, the driver may not be able to take the call
immediately. After this point, the escalation protocol should be initiated, which
takes in to account the unique circumstances of the company and the journey.
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APPENDIX B: Regulations
The following regulations are provided as a general resource and do not detail all the related
driving regulations that may be applicable. This list is not exhaustive, and any web addresses
listed are current at the time of publication.
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