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Intro To Ruby

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15 views

Intro To Ruby

Uploaded by

metaja3834
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Ruby

1. Overview

Ruby is a dynamic, open-source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity.
Created by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto in the mid-1990s, Ruby combines syntax inspired by Perl,
Python, and Smalltalk. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-
oriented, and functional programming.

2. Key Features

2.1 Simplicity and Productivity

• Readable and Intuitive Syntax: Ruby's syntax is designed to be easy to read and write,
making it accessible for beginners.

• High-Level Language: Ruby abstracts complex details, allowing developers to focus on


problem-solving.

2.2 Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

• Everything is an Object: In Ruby, everything, including numbers and null values, is an object
with methods and properties.

• Classes and Modules: Ruby supports traditional OOP features like classes, inheritance, and
modules for organizing code.

2.3 Dynamic and Flexible

• Dynamic Typing: Variables in Ruby do not have a fixed type, making it easy to write flexible
and reusable code.

• Duck Typing: Ruby emphasizes behavior over types, following the principle "if it walks like a
duck and quacks like a duck, it is a duck."

3. Ruby Syntax Basics

Hello World Example:

ruby

Copy code

puts "Hello, world!"

Key Points:

• puts: A method to output text to the console.

• Strings: Represented with double or single quotes.

Control Structures:

ruby

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if condition
# code to execute if condition is true

elsif another_condition

# code to execute if another_condition is true

else

# code to execute if none of the conditions are true

end

• Ruby uses familiar control structures like if, else, and elsif.

4. Ruby on Rails

Ruby on Rails, or Rails, is a popular web application framework written in Ruby. It follows the Model-
View-Controller (MVC) architecture and emphasizes convention over configuration, making it easier
to build and deploy web applications.

4.1 Key Features of Rails

• Convention over Configuration: Rails provides sensible defaults, reducing the need for
configuration.

• DRY Principle: "Don't Repeat Yourself" encourages code reuse and maintainability.

• Active Record: An ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) system that simplifies database


interactions.

5. Community and Ecosystem

Ruby has a vibrant community and a rich ecosystem of libraries and tools. The RubyGems package
manager makes it easy to share and use Ruby libraries. Notable libraries include:

• RSpec: A testing framework.

• Sinatra: A lightweight web framework.

6. Applications and Use Cases

Ruby is widely used for web development, particularly with Ruby on Rails. Other notable use cases
include:

• Web Applications: GitHub, Shopify, and Basecamp are built using Ruby on Rails.

• Automation Scripts: Ruby's simplicity makes it ideal for writing scripts for automation.

• Data Processing: Ruby can be used for data analysis and processing tasks.

7. Conclusion

Ruby's emphasis on simplicity and productivity, combined with its powerful features, make it a
popular choice for web development and beyond. Its elegant syntax and dynamic nature encourage a
fun and efficient coding experience.

8. Further Reading and Resources

• Ruby Official Website


• Learn Ruby the Hard Way

• Programming Ruby: The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide

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