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GM 1st Week 2

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27 views16 pages

GM 1st Week 2

Uploaded by

javierreign04
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Rational

Functions
Introduction to Rational Functions
Graphing Rational Functions
Vertical and Horizontal Asymptotes
Multiplying and Dividing Rational Functions
Rational Functions

- are functions which are expressed or written in the


form of a polynomial divided by a polynomial.

𝒑(𝒙)
where q(x) can not equal to zero.
𝒒(𝒙)
Example

Simplify each equation.

𝒙2 + 𝟐𝒙 𝒙2 +𝟔𝒙+𝟓
1. 2.
𝒙 𝒙+𝟏

𝒙 (𝒙 + 𝟐) (𝒙 + 𝟏)(𝒙 + 𝟓)
𝒙 𝒙+𝟏

(x + 2) (x + 5)
Example

Simplify each equation.

𝒙2 − 𝟐𝟓 𝒙5 −𝒙³
3. 4.
𝒙2 − 𝟕𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 𝒙+𝟏

(𝒙 − 𝟓)(𝒙 + 𝟓) 𝒙³(𝒙2 − 𝟏)
(𝒙 − 𝟓)(𝒙 − 𝟐) 𝒙+𝟏

(𝒙 + 𝟓) 𝒙³(𝒙 − 𝟏)(𝒙 + 𝟏)
(𝒙 − 𝟐) 𝒙+𝟏

x³(x – 1)
Graphing Rational Functions

A graph of a rational function has a vertical asymptote at


each value A where the denominator is 0, and the
numerator is not 0.

To find the vertical asymptote or asymptotes set the


denominator equal to 0 and solve. Vertical asymptotes
are vertical lines x = A.
Graphing Rational Functions

The numerator and denominator are polynomials in x of


degree n and m, respectively.

1. If n < m, then y = 0 is the horizontal asymptote.


𝒂ₓ
2. If n = m, then y = is the horizontal asymptote.
𝒃ₓ

3. If n > m, there is no horizontal asymptote.


Graphing Rational Functions

Find the Vertical and Horizontal Asymptotes


State the Domain and Range.

𝒙
1. 𝒇 𝒙 =
𝒙2 −𝟐𝒙
Set the denominator equal to 0.
x² - 2x = 0 x–2=0
x(x – 2) = 0 x=2
x=0

There are two vertical asymptotes for this function x = 0 and x = 2.


Graphing Rational Functions

To find the horizontal asymptote compare the degree of the


numerator to the degree of denominator.
The numerator is greater therefore the horizontal asymptote
is y = 0. Now lets graph it.
x y
𝒙 -3 - 0.2
y1 = 2 =
−𝟑
=
−𝟑
= - 0.2 -2 - 0.25
𝒙 −𝟐𝒙 (−𝟑)²−𝟐(−𝟑) 𝟏𝟓
-1 - 0.33
𝒙
y2 = 2 = 2
−𝟐
=
−𝟐
= - 0.25 0
𝒙 −𝟐𝒙 (−𝟐) −𝟐(−𝟐) 𝟖
1
𝒙
y3 = 2 = 2
−𝟏
=
−𝟏
= - 0.33
2
𝒙 −𝟐𝒙 (−𝟏) −𝟐(−𝟏) 𝟑 3
Graphing Rational Functions

𝒙
y4 = 2 =
𝟎
=
𝟎
= ERROR
𝒙 −𝟐𝒙 (𝟎)²−𝟐(𝟎) 𝟎

x y
𝒙
y5 = 2 = 2
𝟏
=
𝟏
= -1 -3 - 0.2
𝒙 −𝟐𝒙 (𝟏) −𝟐(𝟏) −𝟏
-2 - 0.25
-1 - 0.33
𝒙
y6 = 2 = 2
𝟐
=
𝟐
= ERROR 0 ERROR
𝒙 −𝟐𝒙 (𝟐) −𝟐(𝟐) 𝟎
1 -1
2 ERROR
𝒙
y7 = 2 = 2
𝟑
=
𝟑
=1 3 1
𝒙 −𝟐𝒙 (𝟑) −𝟐(𝟑) 𝟑
Where the error are vertical asymptotes.
Graphing Rational Functions

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6
Multiplying Rational Functions

Multiplying and Dividing Rational Functions.


𝟗𝒙 −𝟗 𝒙 + 𝟐
1. ●
𝟑𝒙 +𝟔 𝒙 −𝟏
To solve this expression you need to factor each numerator and
each denominator.

factor
𝟗(𝒙 −𝟏) 𝒙 + 𝟐
●
𝟑(𝒙 +𝟐) 𝒙 −𝟏

𝟗
simplify
𝟑

3
Dividing Rational Functions

Multiplying and Dividing Rational Functions.


𝟓𝒙+𝟏𝟓 𝟕𝒙 +𝟐𝟏
1. ÷
𝟕𝒙 −𝟏𝟒 𝟓𝒙 −𝟏𝟎
To solve use same, change, flip method.
𝟓𝒙+𝟏𝟓 𝟕𝒙 +𝟐𝟏 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓
÷
𝟕𝒙 −𝟏𝟒 𝟓𝒙 −𝟏𝟎 𝟓(𝒙+𝟑) 𝟓(𝒙 −𝟐)
●
𝟕(𝒙 −𝟐) 𝟕(𝒙+𝟑)
𝟓𝒙+𝟏𝟓 𝟓𝒙 −𝟏𝟎
●
𝟕𝒙 −𝟏𝟒 𝟕𝒙+𝟐𝟏 𝟓 𝟓
● simplify
𝟕 𝟕

𝟐𝟓
𝟒𝟗
Activity
Try these problems.
𝒙2 +𝟐𝒙 − 𝟖 𝟑𝒙 +𝟑
1. 2 ●
𝒙 +𝟒𝒙+𝟑 𝒙 −𝟐

𝒙+𝒚
2.
𝟐𝒙 −𝒚
𝒙+𝒚
𝟐𝒙+𝒚
Activity
Solution:
𝒙2 +𝟐𝒙 − 𝟖 𝟑𝒙 +𝟑
1. 2 ●
𝒙 +𝟒𝒙+𝟑 𝒙 −𝟐

𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓
(𝒙−𝟐)(𝒙+𝟒) 𝟑(𝒙+𝟏)
●
(𝒙+𝟑)(𝒙+𝟏) (𝒙−𝟐)

𝒙+𝟒 𝟑
● simplify
𝒙+𝟑 𝟏

𝟑(𝒙+𝟒) 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐
or
𝒙+𝟑 𝒙+𝟑
Activity
Solution:
𝒙+𝒚 𝒓𝒆𝒘𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒆
2.
𝟐𝒙 −𝒚 𝒙+𝒚
÷
𝒙+𝒚
𝒙+𝒚 𝟐𝒙 −𝒚 𝟐𝒙+𝒚
𝟐𝒙+𝒚
𝒙+𝒚 𝟐𝒙+𝒚
●
𝟐𝒙−𝒚 𝒙+𝒚

cancelation

𝒙+𝒚 𝟐𝒙+𝒚
●
𝟐𝒙−𝒚 𝒙+𝒚

𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚
𝟐𝒙 − 𝒚
Thank You !!
Questions / Clarification:

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