Grade 10: Science
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Chapter Notes
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POST CLASS NOTES
Chapter Notes
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Light – Reflection
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and Refraction
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Topics
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1. Reflection of Light
∠ ∠
∠ ∠
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2.Spherical Mirrors
C F F C
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i
r
i
r
P P
C F C
'S F
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i
r
C F
i P
P C
r F
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P
C F P C
F
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i i
F r P r
C P F C
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3. Image Formation by
Spherical Mirrors
C F P C F P
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C F P C F P
C F P C F P
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128
P F C P F C
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129
4. Mirror Formula
M
P
X‘ P B’ X
A’
'S N
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→
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1 1 1
+ = →
v u f
→
h′ v →
m= =−
h u →
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5. Refraction
Normal Incident ray
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i
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r
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Refracted
ray
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑖
= 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑟
𝑣1 𝑐
𝑛21 = 𝑛𝑚 =
𝑣2 𝑣𝑚
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6. Lenses
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C1 F1 O F2 C2 C1 F1 O F2 C2
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C1 F1 O F2 C2 C1 F1 O F2 C2
C1 F1 O F2 C2 C1 F1 O F2 C2
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7. Image Formation
by Lenses
C1 F1 O F2 C2 C1 F1 O F2 C2
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C1 F1 O F2 C2 C1 F1 O C2
F2
C1 F1 O F2 C2 C1 F1 O F2 C2
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BY
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BY
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136
8. Lens Formula and
Magnification
1 1 1 hi v
- = m= =
v u f ho u
9. Power of a Lens
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1
P=
Focal length in metres , f
P = P1 + P2 + P3 + ...
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Important Formulae
1 1 1
+ =
𝑣 𝑢 𝑓
ℎ′ 𝑣
𝑚= =−
ℎ 𝑢
sin 𝑖
'Ssin 𝑟
= 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
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𝑐
𝑛𝑚 =
𝑣𝑚
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𝑣1
𝑛21 =
𝑣2
1 1 1
− =
𝑣 𝑢 𝑓
ℎ′ 𝑣
𝑚= =
ℎ 𝑢
1
𝑃=
𝑓
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Mind Map
𝒉′ 𝒗
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝒎= =−
+ = 𝒉 𝒖
∠i = ∠r 𝒗 𝒖 𝒇
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𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒊
=𝒄
𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒓
𝒗𝟏
𝟏 𝒏𝟐𝟏 =
𝑷= 𝒗𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝒇
− = 𝒄
𝒗 𝒖 𝒇 𝒏𝒎 =
𝒗𝒎
𝒉′ 𝒗
𝒎= =
𝒉 𝒖
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